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To obtain an education of quality, a simple application of resources, is not enough, it is understood that is needed to dispose of efficacious, efficient and effective strategies. The Constitutional Amendment No. 19 of 1999 introduces the principle of efficiency to the list of constitutional principles of Public Administration. In this sense, the present study aims to analyze the efficiency of municipal spending on education in elementary school, in the context of the municipalities of the Serido Potiguar, RN. Therefore, and in accordance with the purpose defined, it can be characterized as quantitative and descriptive, making use of secondary data (educational indicators) in order to propose performance indicators of educational efficiency.The chosen study area includes 21 municipalities. The results highlighted three rankings in efficiency, having the municipality Carnauba dos Dantas achieved the best efficiency in all three and the municipalities Parelhas and Sao Joao do Sabugi alternating between the second and third place. The Total Spending on Education Efficiency Index (IETGE) revealed that the municipality with worse efficiency was Santana do Matos. It was noted that eight municipalities had IETGE low, meaning that most of the analyzed municipalities have not had a proportional performance to applied costs. Also was highlighted a considerable difference between the municipalities regarding the efficiency of spending on education. The work shows the possibility and the importance of measuring efficiency in the public sector, as well as provides the construction of efficiency rankings in the public sector as a driving tool to increase efficiency in the public area. It is suggested to perform an in-depth research in the municipalities that have the highest and lowest indicator to understand what dimensions/factors lead to success or failure in the indices, as well as replicate the model in other geographical regions. Keywords: Efficiency. Municipal Spending. Elementary School. more...