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Abstract The characterization of banana cultivars is an important stage, which allows the identification of materials adapted to a particular region. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance in the edaphoclimatic conditions of the geographic microregion of Assis, State of São Paulo, during the first three production cycles. The experiment was installed at São José Farm, Palmital, SP, where ten banana cultivars (Grande Naine, IAC 2001, FHIA 02, Bucaneiro, FHIA 17, Calypso, Ambrosia, Thap Maeo, BRS Princesa and Caipira) were evaluated during the three production cycles. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replicates, each plot with 8.75 m2 and 5 plants per plot. The evaluated variables were plant height, pseudostem perimeter, number of leaves at flowering and harvesting, bunch mass, number of hands per bunch, fruit and pulp yield. Results were submitted to analysis of variance, means comparison tests and multivariate clustering or tree clustering analysis. ‘Grande Naine’ and ‘IAC 2001’ cultivars, as well as those of the Cavendish subgroup, are the most suitable for cultivation in the geographic microregion of Assis, SP, considering production performance in the evaluated production cycles.