1. Extremos de Gelo Marinho Antártico no Mar de Weddell e Relações com Padrões de Teleconexões Climáticas
- Author
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Fábio Guimarães Oliva, Telma Mendes da Silva, Fernanda Cerqueira Vasconcellos, and Renan Martins Pizzochero
- Subjects
Atmospheric Science ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Geopotential height ,Antarctic sea ice ,Atmospheric research ,Sea surface temperature ,Geophysics ,Sea ice ,Cryosphere ,Environmental science ,Computers in Earth Sciences ,Geomorphology ,Earth-Surface Processes ,General Environmental Science ,Teleconnection - Abstract
Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar relacoes entre as fases de padroes de teleconexoes tropicais, subtropicais e extratropicais e as extensoes de gelo marinho antartico no Mar de Weddell (MW). Busca-se melhor compreensao acerca da variabilidade do gelo marinho e das interacoes entre a criosfera e a atmosfera, alem de prover dados para estudos sobre previsoes e variabilidade climaticas. Este artigo analisa setembro, o mes com a maior cobertura de gelo marinho no Mar de Weddell. Utilizou-se os indices mensais dos padroes Modo Anular do Sul ( Southern Annular Mode – SAM), Modo Meridional do Atlântico ( Atlantic Meridional Mode – AMM) e Gradiente Subtropical do Atlântico Sul (GSA). O indice SAM foi calculado atraves da Funcao Ortogonal Empirica nas anomalias de altura geopotencial em 700 hPa na regiao ao sul de 30oS, o indice AMM foi extraido do National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) e o indice GSA foi criado a partir dos dados de temperatura da superficie do mar (TSM) do ERSSTv5 do National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Nas avaliacoes conjuntas, as combinacoes de fases que se relacionaram as maiores extensoes de gelo foram SAM negativo/AMM positivo e SAM negativo/GSA positivo enquanto as que se associaram as menores extensoes foram as de sinais opostos. As correlacoes do SAM com o gelo marinho sao negativas e dos indices AMM e GSA com o gelo marinho sao positivas, mostrando coerencia com os resultados apresentados nos compostos e nos graficos boxplots. Extreme Antarctic Sea Ice In The Weddell Sea And Links With Teleconnection Patterns Of Climate Variability ABSTRACT This article examines the links between the phases of teleconnection patterns of climate variability and the Weddell’s Sea ice extent. The goal is to understand better the sea ice variability and connections between the cryosphere and the atmosphere. This paper focuses on September, the month with the largest sea ice cover in the Weddell Sea. The Southern Annular Mode (SAM), the Atlantic Meridional Mode (AMM) and the Atlantic Subtropical Gradient (ASG) monthly indices were used. The SAM index was calculated through Empirical Orthogonal Function in the geopotential height anomalies of 700 hPa. The AMM index was obtained by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR). The ASG index was created using sea surface temperature (SST) data obtained by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (ERSSTv5/NOAA) through the difference of SST anomalies averaged at two distinct areas situated in the Subtropical Atlantic Ocean. Considering the effect of these indices combined, the negative SAM/positive AMM phase and the negative SAM/positive ASG phase were associated with maximum Antarctic sea ice extents. The opposite combinations of indices were related with minimum Antarctic sea ice extents. The correlations between the SAM and the sea ice extent are negative and between AMM and ASG with the sea ice extent are positive. These results are coherent with the results presented in the composite maps and the boxplots charts. Keywords: Teleconnection patterns, climate variability, antarctic sea ice, Weddell Sea.
- Published
- 2021
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