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Abstract Objective To analyze the serum 25-hidroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in patients with minimal trauma fractures, and to verify the profile of these patients and their main fractures. Methods Cross-sectional study in which blood samples were obtained from 40 patients with minimal trauma fracture to evaluate their 25(OH)D levels. Variables analyzed: fracture type; age; sex; Vitamin D supplementation; smoking habits; exercise; sunscreen use. Results A total of 29 (72.5%) patients presented with 25(OH)D deficiency, 10 (25%) had insufficiency, and only 1 (2.5%) had sufficient levels. The patients who used vitamin D supplementation had 25(OH)D levels (24.8 ± 12.75) that were significantly (p = 0.048) higher than those who did not use it. In addition, patients who practiced exercise 2 to 3 times a week obtained a medium concentration of 25(OH)D (22.5 ± 6.08 ng/mL) significantly (p = 0.042) higher compared with those who did not exercise (15.5 ± 7.25 ng/mL). Conclusion The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 72.5%; those patients who exercised 2 to 3 times a week and those who used vitamin D supplementation had higher levels of vitamin D.

ABSTRACT The wrist is a region that is very vulnerable to injuries of the extremities. Among these injuries, fractures of the pyramidal bone (or triquetrum) in association with dislocation of the hamate and carpal instability are uncommon. They are generally correlated with high-energy trauma and may be associated with neurovascular deficits, muscle-tendon disorders, skin lesions or injuries to other carpal bones. Thus, in this report, one of these rare cases of transtriquetral perihamate fracture-dislocation with carpal instability is presented, diagnosed by means of radiography on the right wrist of the patient who presented pain, edema and limitation of flexion-extension of the carpus after trauma to the region. The stages of attending to the case are described, from the initial consultation to the surgical treatment and physiotherapy, which culminated in restoration of the strength and range of motion of the wrist.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the results from surgical treatment of patients with mallet finger injury using a hook plate and screw. METHODS: Twenty-five patients (19 males and six females) between the ages of 20 and 35 years were analyzed between May 2008 and December 2012. They were evaluated in accordance with Crawford's criteria and the mean follow-up was 18 months. RESULTS: The results from 10 patients (40%) were excellent and from 15 (60%), good. Twenty-one patients (84%) reported no pain, 18 months after the operation. There was no limitation to range of motion in 14 cases (56%), limitation of extension in seven (28%) and limitation of flexion in four (16%). CONCLUSION: Surgical treatment by means of open reduction and internal fixation using a hook plate and screw proved to be an excellent option for treating mallet finger fractures and was considered to be a safe and effective method.

Increased longevity has made progression in the number of fractures increasingly significant. Because hip fractures give rise to high morbidity and mortality rates and have high treatment costs, their occurrence is the most important marker of effectiveness in relation to osteoporosis treatment. In countries and systems that, especially over the last decade, have been investing in the prevention of osteoporosis and its consequences, the number of hip fractures has been decreasing. What these countries have in common is secondary prevention of fractures, i.e. to avoid subsequent fractures. Given that half of the patients who present hip fractures have had a previous fracture and that the treatments available have proven to be extremely efficient for decreasing subsequent fractures, a good proportion of hip fractures are preventable. It is within this scenario that orthopedists play a leading role.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to establish an indirect, easy-to-use, predictable and safe means of obtaining the true degree of displacement of fractures of the neck of the fifth metacarpal bone, through oblique radiographic views. METHODS: An anatomical specimen from the fifth human metacarpal was dissected and subjected to ostectomy in the neck region. A 1-mm Kirschner wire was fixed to the base of the fifth metacarpal bone, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the bone and parallel to the ground. Another six Kirschner wires of the same diameter were bent over and attached to the ostectomized bone to simulate fracture displacement. Axial rotation of the metacarpus was used to create oblique radiographic views. Radiographic images were generated with different angles and at several degrees of rotation of the bone. RESULTS: We deduced a mathematical formula that showed the true displacement of fractures of the neck of the fifth metacarpal bone by means of oblique radiographs. CONCLUSIONS: Oblique radiographs at 30° of supination provided the best view of the bone and least variation from the real value of the displacement of fractures of the fifth metacarpal bone. The mathematical formula deduced was concordant with the experimental model used.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To analyze fractures of the distal clavicle region in pediatric patients. METHODS: Ten patients between the ages of five to eleven years (mean of 7.3 years) were observed. Nine patients were treated conservatively and one surgically. All the fractures were classified using the Nenopoulos classification system. RESULTS: All the fractures consolidated without complications. Conservative treatment was used for nine patients, of whom three were in group IIIB, three IIb, two IIa and one IV. The only patient who was treated surgically was a female patient of eleven years of age with a group IV fracture. CONCLUSION: The treatment indication for distal fractures of the clavicle in children should be based on the patient's age and the displacement of the fragments.

ABSTRACT Avulsion fractures of the posterior cruciate ligament in unusual locations are rare injuries. We report the first case in the literature of an avulsion fracture of the posterior cruciate ligament associated with distal injury to the patellar ligament. The aim of this study was to present a novel case, the therapy used and the clinical follow-up.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To objectively and subjectively evaluate the functional result from before to after surgery among patients with a diagnosis of an isolated avulsion fracture of the posterior cruciate ligament who were treated surgically. METHOD: Five patients were evaluated by means of reviewing the medical files, applying the Lysholm questionnaire, physical examination and radiological examination. For the statistical analysis, a significance level of 0.10 and 95% confidence interval were used. RESULTS: According to the Lysholm criteria, all the patients were classified as poor (

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical and radiographic results from osteosynthesis of fractures of the lateral third of the clavicle, using two methods: T plates or anchors together with Kirschner wires.METHODS: Fifteen patients of mean age 34.3 years (range: 19-57) and mean follow-up 22.7 months (range: 14-32) were evaluated. In nine cases, a T plate was used; and in six cases, coracoclavicular fixation was used with anchors in the coracoid process and Kirschner wires through the acromioclavicular joint. The evaluation included the Constant score, personal satisfaction and radiographic assessment.RESULTS: Both types of treatment achieved consolidation in all cases. Group 1 presented a higher Constant score (83.4) than that of Group 2 (76.4) (p = 0.029). Neither of the techniques presented any severe complications, and mild complications were only observed in Group 2 (80%), mostly consisting of migration of the Kirschner wire and superficial infection.CONCLUSION: Surgical treatment of fractures of the distal clavicle using T plates provided the same consolidation rate as shown by coracoclavicular fixation with anchors in the coracoid process and Kirschner wires through the acromioclavicular joint, and better clinical results.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III evidence was obtained. Comparative retrospective study and therapeutic study were performed.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of consolidation in surgical treatment of fractures of the lateral extremity of the clavicle using the double subcoracoid ligature technique, with nonabsorbable No. 5 thread.METHODS: Between May 1993 and June 2013, the Shoulder and Elbow Group of our service surgically treated 116 patients (116 shoulders) with fractures of the lateral extremity of the clavicle. Among these, we were able to reassess 65 cases. The surgical technique used consisted of double subcoracoid ligature with two nonabsorbable threads. In two patients classified as type III, we had to combine this technique with use of an interfragmentary screw for fixation of the intra-articular portion of the acromioclavicular joint.RESULTS: We achieved fracture consolidation in 90%. Fourteen cases (21%) evolved with major complications: four cases of pseudarthrosis, five of adhesive capsulitis, two of delayed consolidation and three of loss of reduction. Two cases (3%) evolved with minor complications of skin granuloma.CONCLUSION: The double ligature technique for fractures of the lateral extremity of the clavicle promotes the stabilization needed for consolidation to take place, without the need for synthesis using metal components. It avoids reoperation for the synthesis material to be removed. Moreover, it is a low-cost procedure with good reproducibility and preservation of the acromioclavicular joint.

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of patients with talus fractures and the injuries that they present.Methods:Retrospective analysis on patients hospitalized in the Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, between 2006 and 2011, with talus fractures. Patient profile parameters, risk factors, fracture characteristics, treatment data and acute complications were analyzed.Results:Analysis on 23 cases showed that men were more affected than women, with a ratio of 4.8:1. The most frequent trauma mechanism was traffic accidents, followed by falls from a height. The most frequent type of fracture was at the neck of the talus, with 17 cases. Among the 23 cases, seven had peritalar dislocation at the time of presentation, four had exposed fractures and 11 presented other associated fractures. The mean length of time between the trauma and the definitive treatment was six days, while the mean length of hospital stay was 11 days. Three patients presented acute postoperative complications.Conclusion:Talus fractures occurred most commonly in the region of the talar neck and most frequently in young males who suffered high-energy trauma. In almost half of the cases, there were other associated fractures. The length of hospital stay was 11 days.

The aim of this study was to alert doctors to the existence of Turco's injury and discus the existing treatments that have been described in the worldwide literature. A bibliographic survey of Lisfranc's injury and Turco's injury covering from 1985 to 2013 was conducted in the SciELO and PubMed databases. Among the 193 articles, those relating to bone-ligament injuries of the Lisfranc joint and high-energy trauma were excluded, as were the case reports. The patients selected were professional or amateur athletes who solely presented a ligament injury to the Lisfranc joint (Turco's injury), which was diagnosed from the history, physical examination, radiographs and magnetic resonance images. Non-athletic patients and those with associated bone injuries were excluded (10). According to the injury classification, the patients were treated by means of either an open or a closed procedure and then a standard rehabilitation protocol. Out of the 10 patients, five underwent conservative treatment and five underwent surgical treatment using different techniques and synthesis materials. We obtained two poor results, one satisfactory, five good and two excellent. We conclude that the correct diagnosis has a direct influence on the treatment and on the final result obtained, and that lack of knowledge of this injury is the main factor responsible for underdiagnosing Turco's injury. There is a need for randomized prospective studies comparing the types of synthesis and evolution of treated cases, in order to define the best treatment for this injury.

OBJECTIVE: to demonstrate a surgical technique for treating neck fractures of the fifth metacarpal, by means of reduction through intra-focal manipulation and percutaneous fixation using Kirschner wires, with the aims of making it easier to achieve and maintain the reduction during the operation and enabling reduction of these fractures even if a fibrous callus has formed.METHODS: a series of ten patients with neck fractures of the fifth metacarpal presenting palmar angles greater than 30◦ underwent the surgical technique described, as examples, and their results were evaluated through postoperative radiographs and clinical examinations.RESULTS: all the patients achieved reductions that were close to anatomical and evolved to consolidation of the fracture in the position obtained.CONCLUSION: the surgical technique described is effective, easy to carry out, minimally invasive and low-cost, thereby enabling adequate clinical and radiographic reduction, even in subacute fractures already presenting a fibrous callus.

Fixation of an osteochondral fracture after acute patellar dislocation is an infrequent form of treatment. Likewise, the location of this fragment in the lateral region of the lateral femoral condyle, functioning as a free body, is uncommon. The aim of this study was to present a case of osteochondral fracture of the patella at an unusual site, along with the therapy used and the clinical follow-up.

The authors describe a rare case of a 28-year-old male patient, victim of motorcycle crash, with direct impact on the right knee, who sustained a bicruciate ligament fracture avulsion from the tibial side, dislocated and with large dimensions, without associated ligamentary lesions; he has undergone surgical treatment - open reduction and internal fixation, of the avulsions, and the follow up was at least six months, presenting good outcome using the Tegner -Lysholm scale.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze retrospectively 309 fractures in the clavicle and the relation with injury of the supraclavicular nerve after trauma. METHODS: It was analyzed 309 patients with 312 clavicle fractures. The Edinburgh classification was used. Four patients had fractures in the medial aspect of the clavicle, 33 in the lateral aspect and 272 in the diaphyseal aspect and three bilateral fractures. RESULTS: 255 patients were analyzed and five had paresthesia in the anterior aspect of the thorax. Four patients had type 2 B2 fracture and one type 2 B1 fracture. All patients showed spontaneous improvement, in the mean average of 3 months after the trauma. CONCLUSION: Clavicle fractures and/ or shoulder surgeries can injure the lateral, intermediary or medial branches of the supraclavicular nerve and cause alteration of sensibility in the anterior aspect of the thorax. Knowledge of the anatomy of the nerve branches helps avoid problems in this region.

OBJECTIVE: Compare the level of vitamin D with the bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women, with or without fractures. METHODS: 250 women with mean age of 71.1 were evaluated. The serum levels of vitamin D considered sufficient were ≥ 30 ng/mL, insufficient between 20 and 30 ng/mL and deficient < 20 ng/mL. The bone mineral density was measured and considered osteopenia when T value total of lumbar spine or hip was between -1 and -2.5 and osteoporosis < 2.5. The patients with fractures accounted for 25.2%. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the vitamin D (ng/mL) levels among the age groups (p = 0.25), the levels of fractures (p = 0.79) and the levels of BMD (p = 0.76). CONCLUSION: 82% of the patients presented deficient and insufficient blood levels of vitamin D. Ours results showed any significant correlation between vitamin D levels and bone mineral density after adjusting for age.

OBJETIVO: Analisar os efeitos do laser de baixa potência, AsGa - 904 ηm, no reparo ósseo de fraturas de tíbias em ratos. MÉTODOS: 40 ratos divididos em quatro grupos de 10 animais: grupo controle, sem fratura (GC); grupo com fratura, sem tratamento (GE II); grupo com fratura tratado com laser a 10J/cm² (GE III) e grupo com fratura tratado com laser a 15J/cm² (GE IV). A fratura foi realizada cirurgicamente e o tratamento teve duração de 45 dias, realizado em dias alternados. Finalizado o tratamento, os ratos foram submetidos à eutanásia e as tíbias tratadas foram radiografadas e submetidas a ensaios mecânicos de flexão em três pontos para avaliar a força máxima (N) para ruptura. RESULTADOS: Os valores observados de força máxima (N) foram: grupo controle (GC) de 51,5N ± 7,9N; GE II de 17,2N ± 7,8N; GE III de 16,6N ± 12,1N e GE IV de 30,3N ± 7,8N. Foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre o grupo controle e os grupos experimentais e também entre o grupo experimental IV e os grupos experimentais II e III. Em relação às radiografias, foi observada a formação de calo ósseo em todos os grupos fraturados, indicando que passaram pelo processo normal de reparo tecidual. CONCLUSÃO: O grupo GE IV, submetido à terapia laser com dosagem de 15J/cm² obteve o maior valor para força máxima (N) entre os grupos experimentais, indicando a influência da maior dosagem do laser no reparo ósseo.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of low-level laser therapy (GaAs, 904 nm) for bone repair on tibial fractures in rats. METHODS: Forty rats were divided into four groups of 10 animals: control group without fracture (CG); fracture group without treatment (EG II); fracture group treated with laser at 10 J/cm² (EG III); and fracture group treated with laser at 15 J/cm² (EG IV). The fracture was produced surgically and the treatment lasted 45 days, done on alternate days. After treatment completion, the rats were sacrificed. The tibias were radiographed and subjected to mechanical three-point flexion tests in order to evaluate the maximum force (N) required to break them. RESULTS: The observed maximum force values (N) were: control group (CG) of 51.5 N ± 7.9 N; EG II 17.2 N ± 7.8 N; EG III 16.6 N ± 12.1 N; and EG IV 30.3 N ± 7.8 N. There were statistically significant differences between the control group and the experimental groups and also between experimental group IV and the other experimental groups (II and III). Radiographs showed callus formation in all the fractured groups, thus indicating that they had undergone the normal tissue repair process. CONCLUSION: EG IV, which underwent laser therapy with a dosage of 15 J/ cm², showed the highest maximum force value (N) among the experimental groups, thus demonstrating the influence of higher laser dosage on bone repair.

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar os resultados obtidos com a técnica de fixação anterógrada percutânea para o tratamento das fraturas do colo e diáfise dos metatársicos laterais. MÉTODOS: Realizamos avaliação prospectiva de 14 pacientes operados no período de 2003 a 2008, em que foram levados em consideração a topografia das fraturas, o mecanismo de trauma, as comorbidades associadas e o escore AOFAS para o antepé. RESULTADOS: A região anatômica mais atingida foi o colo dos metatársicos (79%); o acometimento de múltiplos metatársicos ( 53%) foi mais comum que o acometimento isolado (47%); o trauma de baixa energia (79%) foi mais frequente do que o de alta energia (21%); pacientes do sexo feminino com diabetes mellitus apresentaram os piores resultados funcionais pós-operatórios. Não foram encontradas complicações pós-operatórias relacionadas com o tipo de tratamento instituído. CONCLUSÕES: A técnica cirúrgica apresentada demonstrou ser eficiente para o tratamento das fraturas dos metatarsos laterais com menor índice de complicações do que as técnicas já existentes na literatura.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results obtained using the anterograde percutaneous fixation technique for treating shaft and neck fractures of the lesser metatarsals. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated 14 patients between 2003 and 2008, taking into consideration the topography of the fracture, trauma mechanism, associated comorbidities and AOFAS score for the forefoot. RESULTS: The anatomical region most affected was the metatarsal neck (79%). Involvement of multiple metatarsals (53%) was more common than isolated fractures (47%). Low-energy trauma (79%) was more frequent than high-energy trauma (21%). Female patients with diabetes had the worst postoperative functional results. There were no postoperative complications relating to the type of treatment instituted. CONCLUSIONS: The surgical technique presented was efficient for treating fractures of the lesser metatarsals, with a lower complication rate than shown by other established techniques in the literature .

OBJETIVO: Fazer estudo prospectivo sobre fratura instável e incongruente do acetábulo, comparativo com a literatura, abordando o tipo de acesso, material de fixação, grau de redução, tipo de fratura e seus resultados após cirurgia. MÉTODOS: Os autores avaliaram 76 pacientes com fratura instável e incongruente do acetábulo entre janeiro de 1999 e dezembro de 2009. A classificação utilizada foi a de Marvin Tile e todos foram tratados cirurgicamente segundo a técnica preconizada pelo grupo AO-ASIF. RESULTADOS: A avaliação radiológica foi feita segundo os critérios de Ruesch; foram obtidos resultados bons, ótimos e perfeitos em 64 pacientes (84,2%). Quanto à avaliação clínica, segundo os critérios de Harris, os resultados foram bons e ótimos em 62 pacientes (81,6%). As complicações foram avaliadas e, quando comparadas com a literatura, mostraram-se compatíveis mesmo após a análise estatística. CONCLUSÃO: Os autores concluem que a redução anatômica e a fixação estável são importantes para um bom resultado.OBJECTIVE: To conduct a prospective study on unstable and incongruent fractures of the acetabulum, in comparison with the literature, covering the type of access, fixation materials, degree of reduction, type of fracture and results after surgery. METHODS: The authors evaluated 76 patients with unstable and incongruent fracture of the acetabulum between January 1999 and December 2009. The Marvin Tile classification was used, and all cases were treated surgically using the technique recommended by the AO-ASIF group. RESULTS: The radiological evaluation was done in accordance with the Ruesch criteria, and good, excellent or perfect results were obtained for 64 patients (84.2%). The clinical evaluation was done in accordance with the Harris criteria, and good or excellent results were obtained for 62 patients (81.6%). The complications were assessed and, in comparison with the literature, were shown to be compatible with previous reports even after the statistical analysis. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that anatomical reduction and stable fixation are important for good results.

O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar um estudo epidemiológico das fraturas acetabulares na cidade de Campinas e entorno, tendo em vista poucos trabalhos publicados a respeito deste assunto. Prontuários cedidos pelo Serviço de Arquivamento Médico (SAM) do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), dos anos de 2004 a 2008 com diagnósticos de fratura acetabular foram analisados por seis observadores que coletaram idade do paciente, sexo, lado acometido da fratura, mecanismo de lesão, material de síntese utilizado, complicações operatórias, fraturas associadas, tempo de internação pré e pós- operatória, tempo de internação total e número de sessões de fisioterapia pré e pós-cirurgia. Foi observado nesta demografia que o lado esquerdo foi o mais acometido; mecanismo de lesão que mais ocasiona esse tipo de fratura são os acidentes automobilísticos; das complicações cirúrgicas, as lesões do ciático tiveram maior ocorrência; o material de síntese mais utilizado são as placas de reconstrução.This aim of this work was to carry out an epidemiological study on acetabular fractures in the city of Campinas and surrounds, in view of the few published papers on this subject. Medical files with a diagnosis of acetabular fracture between the years 2004 and 2008 that were made available by the Medical Archiving Service of Hospital das Clínicas, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) were analyzed by six observers. Data on patients' ages, sex, side affected by the fracture, mechanism of injury, material used for synthesis, complications of the operation, associated fractures, length of hospitalization before and after the surgery, time of total internment and number of physiotherapy sessions before and after the surgery were gathered. It was observed in this population that the left side was more affected; the mechanism of injury that most often caused this type of fracture was automobile accidents; injuries to the sciatic nerve were the commonest surgical complications; and the synthesis material most used was reconstruction plates.

Objetivos: 1) Analisar comparativamente a incidência de fraturas na criança e no adolescente em três centros universitários de atendimento. 2) Estudar o acometimento segundo a faixa etária, o sexo, o tipo de acidente, a localização anatômica, a localização no osso, o tipo de fratura, a associação com outras lesões e o tratamento. 3) Em relação ao tipo de fratura e seu tratamento, avaliar se os programas de ensino e treinamento desenvolvidos atualmente, tanto na graduação como na pós-graduação Lato sensu (residência médica e especialização) estão condizentes com as necessidades do médico para o atendimento diário nos diferentes serviços de emergência de nosso País. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo transversal e observacional. Estudados os prontuários de 543 pacientes, no grupo etário de um dia de vida a 19 anos, atendidos em um período de três meses em três hospitais universitários, com uma ficha especialmente idealizada para determinar as características gerais das fraturas nesta série de pacientes. Resultados: Observamos a incidência de 531 fraturas (isoladas) e 12 luxações nos 543 pacientes, sendo, em relação ao sexo, 394 meninos (72,5%) e 149 meninas (27,4%). Segundo a etiologia dos traumatismos, o episódio “queda da própria altura” foi o que apresentou a maior incidência, seguido pela “queda de altura”, caracterizando um traumatismo mais grave. Observamos o maior acometimento dos membros superiores em relação aos membros inferiores, sendo 404 fraturas nos superiores (com 11 luxações), representando 76,08% das fraturas e 127 nos inferiores, que representam 23,91%. Conclusões: 1) Em função da casuística estudada, podemos concluir que campanhas educativas devem ser realizadas com conteúdo que enfatize as causas e a prevenção da “queda da própria altura”. 2) Os programas de treinamento do especialista devem enfatizar a maior ocorrência dos traumatismos e lesões dos membros superiores, bem como as suas causas.Objectives: 1) to evaluate the incidence of fractures in children and adolescents in an universitarian hospital 2) to quantify the incidence based on age, sex gender, type of accident, anatomic location, association with other lesions, and treatment. 3) according to the type of fracture,to determine the adequacy of the treatment and training protocols, either for graduation or medical residency training in our medical services. Methods: a transversal prospective observational study. The medical records from 543 patients were analysed, aging one day to 19 years old, treated in a period of three months in our institutions, three different university hospitals, with a special protocol to determine the characteristics of the fractures in this series. Results: 531 fractures (isolated) were analysed along with 12 dislocations,394 (72.5%) male and 149 (27.4%) female. The age ranged from one day to 19 years old. The most frequent etiology of those episodes was “fall from own height”, followed by “fall from height” which refers to a more severe trauma. The upper limbs were most affected, with 404 fractures and eleven dislocations (six in the elbows, five in the shoulder) combining for 76.08% of all fractures against 127 fractures (combining for 23.91% of all) in the lower limbs. In the casuistic is included two vertebral fractures (coccix) and one nasal fracture. Conclusions: the first obvious observation would concern the need of a directed prevention program, especially for the male teenagers, emphasizing the upper limbs. As of teaching programs and studies, it would be recommendable that the treatment of upper limbs trauma should be emphasized,in all of its segments.

Um artigo de atualização do conhecimento sobre osteoporose corre o risco de ficar desatualizado precocemente, devido ao grande interesse que o estudo e a pesquisa sobre OP despertam hoje nos pesquisadores, nas indústrias farmacêuticas e de equipamentos, nos governos, e até na OMS. Todo ortopedista conhece a OP pelo seu efeito mais deletério, a fratura osteoporótica (FxOP). Por ser uma patologia de quadro clínico não específico a OP sem fratura não levanta suspeita. A FxOP tem um custo econômico (pelo tratamento), social (por suas sequelas) e médico (por óbitos). Muitas fraturas poderiam ser evitadas pelo diagnóstico da OP antes da primeira fratura e, então, muitas incapacidades temporárias e definitivas poderiam ser evitadas, muitas vidas poderiam ser salvas. O conhecimento dos fatores de risco para osteoporose desperta a suspeita e a densitometria óssea ajuda no diagnóstico. O tratamento deve ter por base a fisiopatologia da doença. Assim, na prevenção ou no tratamento da OP, devemos diminuir a atividade do osteoclasto ou aumentar a atividade do osteoblasto, ou os dois. O tratamento ideal é aquele que diminui a incidência de fraturas por melhorar a geometria do osso e sua microarquitetura. O tecido ósseo recém-formado deve ter boa qualidade celular e de matriz, mineralização normal com boa proporção entre osso mineralizado (resistente mecanicamente) e não mineralizado (flexível) e sem acúmulo de danos. O tratamento ideal deve ter taxa de remodelação positiva e efeito terapêutico rápido e duradouro. Este efeito deve ser facilmente detectável. Deve ser seguro.An article regarding the latest understanding of osteoporosis (OP) runs the risk of quickly becoming obsolete due to the fact that research and studies about OP today are generating a great amount of interest in researchers, the pharmaceutical and medical equipment industries, governments, and even the WHO. Every orthopedist knows OP by its most deleterious effect, the osteoporotic fracture (FxOP). OP without a fracture does not arouse suspicion because it is a pathology with a nonspecific clinical profile. The FxOP has an economic cost (for treatment), a social cost (for its sequelae), and a medical cost (for deaths). Many fractures could be avoided by a diagnosis of OP prior to the first fracture and, therefore, many temporary and permanent disabilities could be avoided and many lives saved. Awareness of the risk factors for osteoporosis raises suspicion and bone densitometry aids diagnosis. Treatment should be based on the physiopathology of the disease. Likewise, in prevention or in treatment of OP, we should reduce the activity of osteoclasts or increase the activity of osteoblasts, or both. Treatment that reduces the incidence of fractures by improving bone's geometry and microarchitecture is ideal. Newly formed bone tissue must have good cellular and matrix quality as well as normal mineralization, a good ratio of mineralized (mechanically resistant) bone to non-mineralized (flexible) bone, and no accumulated damage. The ideal treatment should have a positive rate of remodeling and fast and lasting therapeutic effects. This effect must be easily detectable. It must be safe.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o resultado clínico-funcional e radiográfico dos pacientes com fraturas do colo do tálus tratados pelo Grupo de Cirurgia do Pé e Tornozelo da Santa Casa de São Paulo. MÉTODO: Avaliamos 20 pacientes, com tempo médio de seguimento de 71 meses: um com fratura do tipo I, 12 do tipo II, cinco do tipo III e dois do tipo IV, sendo quatro fraturas expostas. RESULTADOS: Um paciente foi tratado incruentamente, 16 com RAFI (três com artrodese subtalar primária), um com talectomia e dois com artrodese tibiotalocalcaneana. A redução obtida foi classificada como anatômica em sete pés, aceitável em seis, e ruim em quatro. Sete pacientes apresentaram complicações precoces. Houve um retardo de consolidação e quatro osteonecroses do corpo do tálus. Quatro pacientes necessitaram de procedimentos reconstrutivos secundários. Sessenta e dois porcento dos pacientes não apresentaram comprometimento radiográfico importante na articulação do tornozelo e 25% na articulação subtalar. Dos pacientes não submetidos a procedimentos secundários, 81% apresentaram queixas referentes ao pé tratado, 37,5% apresentaram alguma deformidade, 44% déficit sensitivo e 50% estavam aposentados. A perda média de movimento do tornozelo foi de 49% e da subtalar 80%. A pontuação média pela escala AOFAS foi de 73 pontos. CONCLUSÃO: A fratura do colo do tálus leva a alta incidência de complicações clínico-funcionais e radiográficas.OBJETIVE: To evaluate the clinical, functional and radiographic outcomes of talar neck fractures in patients treated at the Foot and Ankle Surgery Group of the Santa Casa de São Paulo. METHOD: 20 patients were evaluated. Mean follow-up time was 71 months. One fracture was classified as Hawkins Type I, 12 as Hawkins type II, five as Hawkins type III, two as Hawkins type IV, and four fractures were open. RESULTS: One patient was treated conservatively, 16 were treated with ORIF (three with primary subtalar arthrodesis), one treated with talectomy and two with tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis. The reduction was anatomical in seven feet, acceptable in six feet and poor in four. Seven patients had early complications. There was one delay of consolidation and four talar body osteonecrosis. No signs or minimal signs of radiographic arthritis of the affected ankles were found in 62% of the patients and 25% of affected subtalar joints. Of the 16 patients who did not require secondary procedures, 81% complained about the treated foot, 37.5% showed some deformity, 44% had decreased skin sensitivity and 50% never returned to work. The mean loss of motion in the ankle was 49%, and in the subtalar joint, 80%. The average AOFAS score was 73 points. CONCLUSION: Talar neck fractures are associated with high rates of clinical, functional and radiographic complications.

OBJETIVOS: O propósito do presente estudo é revisar aspectos epidemiológicos das fraturas desviadas do acetábulo tratadas cirurgicamente no Instituto Nacional de Ortopedia e Traumatologia (INTO). MÉTODOS: Analisamos, retrospectivamente, 126 fraturas de acetábulo tratadas cirurgicamente no INTO, no período de março de 2006 a novembro de 2008. Levamos em consideração: idade; sexo; mecanismo de trauma; classificação da lesão; tempo decorrido entre o trauma e o tratamento cirúrgico; lado acometido; lesões ósseas associadas. RESULTADOS: 76,8% são do sexo masculino, a média da idade foi de 39,6 anos; quanto ao mecanismo de trauma, 59% foram por acidente automobilístico; o tempo decorrido entre a lesão e o tratamento cirúrgico foi em média 16,4 dias; 55% casos foram do lado direito; 30% pacientes apresentavam fraturas associadas. CONCLUSÃO: A maior parte dos pacientes é do sexo masculino, na faixa etária economicamente ativa, e vítima de acidente de trânsito, sendo as fraturas da reborda e/ou coluna posterior as mais frequentes. Lesões associadas são comuns e a maior parte das fraturas operadas em nosso serviço é envelhecida.OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to review epidemiological aspects of displacement fractures of the acetabulum treated surgically at the Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopoedia (INTO). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 126 acetabulum fractures treated surgically at the INTO in the period from March 2006 to November 2008. The following elements were taken in account: age, sex, mechanism of injury, classification, time elapsed between trauma and surgery, affected side, associated bone injuries. RESULTS: 76.8% were male, the mean age was 39.6 years. 59% of the traumas were due to traffic accidents; time between injury and surgery was on average 16.4 days; 55% of cases were on the right side; 30% of patients had associated fractures. CONCLUSION: Most patients are male, in an economically active age group, and are victims of traffic accidents. Fractures of edge and/or posterior column are the most frequent. Associated injuries are common and most of the fractures operated in our service are delayed.

OBJETIVO: As fracturas do colo e corpo do astrágalo são lesões infrequentes. O objectivo deste estudo é avaliar a prevalência de sequelas a longo prazo. MÉTODOS: Foi feita uma análise retrospectiva que incluiu um total de 11 doentes sujeitos a tratamento cirúrgico por fracturas do corpo ou colo do astrágalo entre Janeiro de 1997 e Dezembro de 2005. A avaliação final foi clínica (utilizando a escala AOFAS) e radiológica. RESULTADOS: O seguimento médio foi 58,5 meses. A prevalência de lesões ósseas associadas foi de 60% (6/10). O resultado AOFAS médio foi 72 [19-100] pontos. A necrose avascular e/ou artrose pós-traumática ocorreu em metade dos doentes. A qualidade da redução cirúrgica, as fracturas do corpo e a ausência de alterações degenerativas relacionaram-se com melhores resultados funcionais. As fracturas do colo, a osteonecrose e a presença de artrose pós-traumática conduziram a piores resultados. CONCLUSÃO: Há um grande potencial para sequelas tardias e compromisso funcional devido a artrose e dor crónica após esse tipo de fracturas. A redução anatómica cirúrgica é a melhor hipótese de as evitar, mas não é infalível. A taxa de necrose avascular relaciona-se com o grau de desvio inicial da fractura, mas a sua ocorrência em cada caso específico é imprevisível.OBJECTIVES: Talar neck and body fractures are unusual fractures. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of long term results. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was carried out including 11 patients that underwent surgical treatment for body or neck talus fractures between January 1997 and December 2005. Final follow-up examination included a clinical evaluation (AOFAS score) and standard radiographs. RESULTS: The mean follow-up time was 58.5 months. The prevalence of associated fractures was 60% (6/10). Overall AOFAS score averaged 72 [19-100]. Avascular necrosis and posttraumatic arthritis were present in half of the patients. Quality of surgical reduction, body fractures and absence of degenerative changes were correlated with better functional results. Neck fractures, osteonecrosis and posttraumatic arthritis led to inferior results. CONCLUSION: There is a great potential for long term functional impairment due to posttraumatic arthritis and chronic pain in this kind of fracture. Anatomic surgical reduction is the best chance to avoid them but it is not infallible. The avascular necrosis rate correlates with initial fracture displacement, but its occurrence in each specific case is unpredictable.

OBJETIVO: Realizar uma avaliação clínica e funcional das fraturas intra-articulares do calcâneo tratadas cirurgicamente pelo Grupo de Cirurgia do Pé e Tornozelo do Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital Universitário Cajuru no período compreendido entre janeiro de 2001 e dezembro de 2006. MÉTODOS: 107 pacientes, com 113 fraturas, foram submetidos ao tratamento conforme a classificação de Essex-Lopresti: nas fraturas tipo língua ou depressão central com cominuição intraarticular utilizaram-se redução aberta e fixação interna com placa para calcâneo (Synthes®) ou duplo H; nas demais fraturas tipo depressão central realizou-se tratamento minimamente invasivo e nas fraturas tipo língua, tratamento percutâneo. Foram avaliados e acompanhados clinicamente, com pontuação na tabela AOFAS, pelo mesmo grupo de cirurgiões. RESULTADOS: Houve 73% de resultados satisfatórios, média de 75,4 pontos, e 27% de insatisfatórios. CONCLUSÃO: A adequada redução das fraturas representa fator importante para que o paciente não tenha dor e edema residual. As fraturas do tipo depressão central foram as que resultaram em menor pontuação funcional. O não restabelecimento do ângulo de Böhler também levou a importantes alterações funcionais.OBJECTIVE: To perform a clinical and functional evaluation of intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus treated surgically by the Group of Foot and Ankle Surgery at the Cajuru University Hospital from January 2001 to December 2006. METHODS: 107 patients, with 113 fractures, were submitted to treatment according to the Essex-Lopresti classification: in the tongue type fractures or central depression fractures with intra-articular comminution, open reduction and internal fixation with calcaneus plates (Synthes®) or Double H were used; for the other central depression type of fractures, the authors resorted to the minimally invasive treatment, and in tongue type fractures, percutaneous treatment was preferred. The patients were evaluated and clinically followed-up by the same group of surgeons, with evaluation scores according to the AOFAS table. RESULTS: 73% of satisfactory results, with a mean of 75.4 score points, and 27% unsatisfactory results. CONCLUSION: Adequate reduction of the fractures is an important factor to prevent pain and residual edema. Central depression type of fractures were those that had the lowest functional score. Non-reestablishment of the Böhler angle also culminated in relevant functional alterations.

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar pacientes com fraturas articulares do calcâneo tratados entre dezembro de 2000 e agosto de 2007 por técnica cirúrgica minimamente invasiva, com ênfase nos resultados e complicações. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 21 pacientes com 22 fraturas desviadas do calcâneo, tratadas com redução aberta ou fechada e fixação mínima. Nos 16 pacientes nos quais foi necessária a redução aberta, utilizou-se o acesso lateral direto e em nenhum placas ou enxerto ósseo. RESULTADOS: O seguimento médio foi de três anos variando de seis a 82 meses. Foram empregados os métodos Maryland Foot Score e o escore de retropé da American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society para avaliação clínica dos pacientes. Dezenove pés (86,4%) tiveram resultados bons/excelentes e três pés (13,6%), resultados regular/ruim. Nenhum paciente apresentou complicação aguda da ferida cirúrgica, seja necrose de partes moles ou infecção. CONCLUSÃO: As técnicas cirúrgicas menos invasivas e fixações mínimas permitem resultados clínicos similares àqueles das técnicas mais agressivas, sem, entretanto, incidir em significativo número de complicações em partes moles e infecções.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate patients with articular fractures of the calcaneus treated between December 2000 and August 2007 by minimally invasive surgical technique, with emphasis on results and complications. METHODS: Retrospective study of 21 patients with 22 displaced fractures of the calcaneus, treated with open or closed reduction and minimal fixation. In the 16 patients for whom open reduction was required, right lateral access was used and plates or bone grafting were not used at all. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was three years, varying from 6 to 82 months. The Maryland Foot Score and the hindfoot score of the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society were used in the clinical evaluation of the patients. Nineteen feet (86.4%) had good/excellent results and three feet (13.6%) had regular/poor results. No patient had an acute complication of the surgical wound, either soft tissue necrosis or infection. CONCLUSION: Less invasive surgical techniques and minimal fixation allow for clinical results similar to those of more aggressive techniques, but without having a significant number of complications in soft tissues or infections.

OBJETIVO: Comparar os tratamentos não cirúrgico e cirúrgico com placa anterior, através da avaliação funcional dos pacientes portadores de fraturas do terço médio de clavícula após 12 meses de seguimento. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se estudo prospectivo, durante o período de agosto de 2005 a janeiro de 2007; 50 pacientes portadores de fratura do terço médio de clavícula com desvio foram aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos. Entre os pacientes 10 foram excluídos da amostra devido à perda de seguimento. O grupo 1 foi submetido ao tratamento cirúrgico por meio de redução e fixação da clavícula com placa anterior. Já o grupo 2 foi tratado com uso de tipóia. Após o período mínimo de 12 meses de seguimento, foi realizada análise comparativa, utilizando-se como parâmetros funcionais as escalas da AAOS e da UCLA. RESULTADOS: A média de idade foi de aproximadamente 30 anos (variando de 18 a 58 anos), com 77,5% dos pacientes do sexo masculino. O lado mais freqüentemente acometido foi o direito (55%), sendo nestes pacientes o ombro dominante. O mecanismo de trauma encontrado com maior freqüência foi o acidente de trânsito (75% dos casos). Pelos critérios da UCLA, o grupo 1 teve 91,5% dos pacientes com resultado considerado satisfatório (bom e excelente), enquanto que o grupo 2 apresentou 81,25%. O retorno ao trabalho e às atividades cotidianas foi mais rápido no grupo 1, com média de 8,67 semanas, comparando-se com 15,13 semanas no grupo 2. Como complicações podemos citar no grupo 1: cicatriz hipertrófica (12,5%), pseudartrose (8,3%), dor residual (8,3%), soltura de material (4,1%). Já no grupo 2: deformidade estética (43,75%), capsulite adesiva (12,5%) e pseudartrose (6,25%). CONCLUSÕES: O tratamento cirúrgico proporcionou, após 12 meses de acompanhamento, retorno mais rápido às atividades cotidianas, com resultados funcionais pela escala da UCLA percentualmente maior, porém não estatisticamente significativo, comparado com o tratamento não cirúrgico.OBJECTIVE: To compare non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment using an anterior plate through a functional evaluation of patients with midshaft clavicle fractures after 12 months of follow-up. METHODS: A prospective study was performed from August 2005 to January 2007, when 50 patients with midshaft clavicle fracture with displacement were randomly divided into two groups. 10 of the patients were excluded from the series because they were lost in follow-up. Group 1 was submitted to surgical treatment with reduction and fixation of the clavicle with an anterior plate. Group 2 was treated using a sling. After the minimum follow-up period of 12 months, a comparative analysis was performed using the AAOS and the UCLA scales as parameters. RESULTS: Mean age was approximately 30 years (ranging from 18 to 58 years), and 77.5% of the patients were male. The right side was most often involved (55%) and it was the dominant shoulder in those patients. The trauma mechanisms found most often were traffic accidents (75% of the cases). According to UCLA criteria, group 1 had 91.5% of the patients with results considered satisfactory (good and excellent), whereas group 2 presented 81.25%. Return to work and to daily-life activities was faster in group 1, with a mean of 8.67 weeks, whereas group 2 took 15.13 weeks. As to complications, the authors mention, for group 1, hypertrophic scarring (12.5%), pseudoarthrosis (8.3%), residual pain (8.3%), loosening of the material (4.1%). In group 2, complications were: esthetic deformity (43.75%), adhesive capsulitis (12.5%), and pseudoarthrosis (6.25%). CONCLUSION: After 12 months of follow-up, surgical treatment provided faster return to daily-life activities, with higher percentage of functional results according to the UCLA scale, but this was not statistically significant, compared to the non-surgical treatment.

OBJETIVO: Determinar a presença de efeito favorável do ibandronato de sódio na consolidação óssea, contribuindo assim para estudos futuros visando sua utilização terapêutica no tratamento de fraturas e pseudartroses. MÉTODOS: Vinte coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia Albino foram submetidos à osteotomia transversa mediodiafisária da fíbula direita e divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos com 10 animais cada. Os animais do grupo I receberam 2ml de solução contendo ibandronato de sódio e água destilada; os animais do grupo II receberam somente água destilada (grupo controle). Os coelhos foram sacrificados após 30 dias. Os calos ósseos formados no local das osteotomias foram avaliados por densitometria e histomorfometria. Utilizou-se na avaliação estatística dos resultados o teste t para a inferência sobre a diferença das médias de amostras paramétricas e a prova de Mann-Whitney para as amostras não paramétricas. Adotou-se o nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Observou-se que a quantidade relativa de osso foi maior e a quantidade relativa de fibrose foi menor nos calos ósseos formados no grupo medicado com ibandronato do que no grupo controle. Não houve diferença na quantidade relativa de cartilagem e na densidade mineral dos calos ósseos comparando-se os dois grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Neste experimento a administração do ibandronato de sódio favoreceu a consolidação de osteotomias da fíbula em coelhos, aumentando a quantidade relativa de osso nos calos ósseos formados e diminuindo a quantidade de fibrose.OBJECTIVE: To determine the presence of a favorable sodium ibandronate effect in bone healing, thus contributing for future studies of its clinical use in the treatment of fractures and pseudoarthroses. METHODS: 20 New Zealand white rabbits were submitted to transverse mid-diaphysis osteotomy of the right fibula and divided at random into two groups of 10 animals each. Animals in group I were given 2 ml of a solution containing sodium ibandronate and distilled water; animals in group II were given distilled water alone (control group). The rabbits were sacrificed after 30 days. Bone calluses found at the osteotomy site were evaluated by densitometry and histomorphometry. Statistical analysis of the results was made with the "t" test to make inferences about the mean differences of the parametric samples, and the Mann-Whitney for non-parametric samples. The significance level adopted was 5%. RESULTS: The relative amount of bone was greater and the relative amount of fibrosis was lesser in bone calluses formed in the group that was given sodium ibandronate than in the control group. There was no difference in the relative amount of cartilage and in mineral density of bone calluses between the two groups. CONCLUSION: In this experiment, the administration of sodium ibandronate favored the healing of fibula osteotomy in rabbits, as it increased the relative amount of bone in calluses formed and decreased the amount of fibrosis.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito da administração da condroitina e da glicosamina na consolidação de fratura em modelo animal. MÉTODOS: Este estudo experimental envolveu a utilização de 40 ratos machos adultos da raça Lewis. Os animais foram randomicamente divididos em quatro grupos de 10 animais cada, assim constituídos: grupo I, com administração de glicosamina; grupo II, com administração de condroitina; grupo III, administração da associação de glicosamina e condroitina; grupo IV, administração de água destilada (grupo controle). Realizou-se uma fratura fechada médio-diafisária da tíbia e fíbula direitas em cada animal, seguida da administração diária das drogas de acordo com o grupo, durante 30 dias. Após esse período, os animais foram sacrificados para estudo dos calos ósseos formados. Os critérios de avaliação foram a avaliação clínica da consolidação óssea, mensuração da densidade mineral do calo ósseo utilizando-se a densitometria óssea e cálculo da área do calo formado por meio de planigrafia. Os dados coletados foram avaliados com a técnica da análise de variância (ANOVA) para verificar diferenças entre as médias nos quatro grupos estudados e com o teste de Tukey para comparação das médias duas a duas. Adotou-se nível de significância de 5% (alfa = 0,05). RESULTADOS: A utilização da condroitina e da glicosamina, tanto de maneira isolada quanto associadas, não resultou em aumento da área do calo ósseo ou da sua densidade mineral óssea, e não havendo melhora clínica da consolidação óssea. CONCLUSÃO: A administração de condroitina e glicosamina, neste estudo, não influenciou - quer de maneira positiva ou negativa - a consolidação de fraturas experimentais em ratos.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of administering chondroitin and glucosamine for bone healing in an animal model. METHODS: This experimental study involved the use of 50 male adult Lewis rats. The animals were randomically divided into four groups of 10 animals each, as follows: group I, with administration of glucosamine; group II, with administration of chondroitin; group III, with the administration of a combination of glucosamine and chondroitin: group IV, with administration of distilled water (control group). A close fracture was produced in the mid shaft of the right tibia and of the right fibula in each animal, followed by the daily administration of the drugs according to the groups, for 30 days. After such period, the animals were sacrificed to study the bone calluses that formed. Evaluation criteria were a clinical evaluation of bone healing, measurement of the mineral density of the bone callus using bone densitometry and a planigraphic calculation of the callus area that was formed. The data collected were evaluated by the variance analysis technique (ANOVA) to check for differences among the mean values in the four groups of the study, and by the Tukey test to compare the means two by two. A significance level of 5% (alpha = 0,05) was adopted. RESULTS: The use of chondroitin and glucosamine, either alone or in combination, did not yield an increased area of bone callus or of the bone mineral density, and there was no clinical improvement in bone healing. CONCLUSION: The administration of chondroitin and glucosamine in this study did not have any impact - either positive or negative on the healing of experimental fractures in rats.

A fratura avulsão bilateral e simultânea da tuberosidade tibial em uma adolescente é uma lesão rara. Os autores relatam o primeiro caso da literatura em uma menina adolescente que caiu enquanto saltava durante uma partida de voleibol. Não foram diagnosticados fatores predisponentes. As lesões foram tratadas com a redução cruenta e a fixação interna. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi o de apresentar um caso de fratura avulsão bilateral e simultânea da tuberosidade tibial em uma adolescente e a terapêutica adotada.Simultaneous bilateral avulsion fracture of the tibial tuberosity in teenagers is a rare lesion. We describe the first case in the literature, in a teenage girl who sustained a fall while jumping during a volleyball match. No predisposing factors were identified. The lesions were treated with open surgical reduction and internal fixation. The aim of the present study was to present a case of simultaneous bilateral avulsion fracture of the tibial tuberosity in a teenage girl and the therapy used.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a reprodutibilidade intraobservador e interobservador da classificação proposta pelo grupo AO/ASIF, para as fraturas dos ossos longos em crianças. MÉTODO: Foram analisadas e classificadas por cinco avaliadores, 100 radiografias convencionais digitalizadas de fraturas dos ossos longos em crianças, utilizando a classificação alfanumérica proposta pelo grupo AO/ASIF. A força de concordância intraobservador (realizada com intervalo de 90 dias) e a interobservador foram avaliadas através do coeficiente Kappa. RESULTADOS: O índice Kappa para observação intraobservador foi de 0,69 (grande concordância) e na análise interobservador o índice foi de 0,64 (grande concordância) na primeira avaliação e 0,61 (grande concordância) na segunda análise realizada 90 dias após a classificação inicial. CONCLUSÃO: A classificação proposta pelo grupo AO/ASIF mostrou grande concordância intra e interobservador, sendo útil para utilização nas fraturas dos ossos longos em crianças.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility of the classification proposed by the AO/ASIF group for long bone fractures in children. METHODS: One hundred roentgenograms of long bone fractures in children were evaluated and classified according to the alphanumeric AO/ASIF classification by six observers. The strength of theintraobserver(performed with a 90-day interval) and interobserveragreementwere evaluated using the Kappa coefficient. RESULTS: The intraobserver Kappa index was 0.69 (good agreement). The interobserver index was 0.64 (good agreement) in the first evaluation and 0.61 (goodagreement) in the second analysisperformed 90 days after the initial classification. CONCLUSION: The classification proposed by the AO/ASIF group for long bone fractures demonstrated good inter- and intraobserver agreement. This classification is useful for describing fractures of long bones in children.