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ABSTRACT The use of non-conventional feeds in poultry farming can reduce production costs, mainly because of its low cost, availability and chemical composition. Thus, parboiled whole rice bran (PWRB) appears as a potential use in feeding quails. Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of PWRB in the diet of quails. In each experiment, a total of 288 seven-day-old European quails of both sexes, were distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments and six replicates of eight quails each. The treatments consisted in the inclusion of PWRB in the proportions of 0; 5; 10; 15; 20 and 25% (first) and 0; 8; 16; 24; 32 and 40% (second). In the first experiment, a linear reduction in feed intake and weight gain was observed with the inclusion of PWRB above 5%, with no significant effect on feed conversion and carcass characteristics. However, there was no loss in the performance and carcass characteristics of quails fed with different levels of PWRB in comparison to the control group. In the second, it was observed that the inclusion of PWRB above 8% promoted a linear reduction in feed intake, weight gain and improvement in feed conversion, with no significant effect on carcass characteristics. However, quails fed 40% PWRB showed reduced intake and weight gain when compared to the control group. The use of PWRB provided an improvement in economic viability. Considering the effect on growth, PWRB can be used in the feeding of meat quails up to 32%.

ABSTRACT - The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of including annatto seed by-product (ASB) in diets containing sorghum on nutrient utilization, performance and characteristics of the eggs of laying hens. A total of 288 Lohman Brown laying hens, 34 weeks of age, were distributed in completely randomized design with six treatments and six replications of the eight birds each other. The treatments consisted of a diet with corn as an energy source and other with sorghum and inclusion of 0, 25, 45, 65 and 85 g/kg of ASB. Comparing the results, increasing levels of RSU did not affect the metabolizability of nutrients, and utilization the energy of the feed. It was also observed there was no effect on the performance and parameters egg quality, except for yolk color. There was a significant linear increase in yolk colour with inclusion of ASB. We concluded that the annatto seed by-product can be used at levels up to 85 g/kg in laying hen diets containing sorghum as the main source of energy, with the possibility of reducing yolk pigmentation problems, caused by the total substitution of corn by sorghum, with the inclusion of ASB from 25 g/kg.

ABSTRACT The use of alternative foods for rabbits aims to reduce production costs, due to their ability to extracting nutrients from non-conventional feeds. Thus, passion fruit peel (PFP) appears as a potential use in feeding rabbits. This study aimed to determine the chemical and energetic composition of PFP and evaluate the effects of inclusion for growing rabbits. For the digestibility trial, 24 rabbits were distributed between two treatments (reference ration and test ration, composed of 70% reference ration and 30% PFP) with 12 replications of one animal per plot. For the performance trial, 120 rabbits were distributed within a randomized block design, in a 5x2 factorial arrangement, with 5 levels of inclusion of PFP (0, 8, 16, 24, 32%) and 2 sexes (male and female) corresponding to a total of 10 treatments with 12 replications each. PFP had 10.99% CP, 6.25% EE, 47.40% ADF, 54.66% NDF and 4,156.50 kcal DE/kg, on a dry matter. The inclusion of PFP did not influence the final weight and weight gain of rabbits, however it was observed that rabbits fed at the level of 32% inclusion of PFP consumed less amount of feed, with no negative effect on performance. Decreased cholesterol and triglyceride levels were observed in relation to control and an increase of creatinine in rabbit's blood. As there was an improvement in the economic parameters without affecting the performance and carcass characteristics, it’s recommended to include this ingredient up to level of 32% in the feed for growing rabbits.

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar a inclusão de betaína na ração de fêmeas suínas no terço final de gestação e na lactação, quanto ao desempenho reprodutivo, composição do leite e avaliação econômica. Foram utilizadas 72 matrizes suínas, sendo 36 de primeiro ciclo (171,77 ± 7,54 kg) e 36 de segundo ciclo reprodutivo (203,17 ± 13,31 kg), distribuídas em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 2 x 3, sendo dois ciclos reprodutivos e três rações (R0: ração controle; R1: ração com inclusão de 0,2% de betaína e redução de 50% da exigência em metionina digestível; R2: ração controle suplementada com 0,2% de betaína). A adição de betaína às dietas não promoveu efeito no peso ao parto, peso ao desmame das porcas, peso médio dos leitões ao nascimento e ao desmame, embora leitões provenientes de porcas de segundo ciclo tenham apresentado maior peso ao nascimento e ao desmame. Não houve efeito dos tratamentos sobre o intervalo desmame-cio das fêmeas suínas. Proteína total e triglicérides do leite não diferiram entre si, porém, houve diferença na composição em função dos dias pós-parto. As rações não influenciaram significativamente os valores médios do perfil de ácidos graxos do leite de porcas, nem as variáveis econômicas avaliadas. A substituição de até 50% da metionina digestível por betaína em dietas de porcas (84º dia de gestação até o 21º dia de lactação) não causou efeitos negativos sobre os parâmetros produtivos.

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to determine and validate prediction equations for digestible (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) of soybean meal for growing pigs. The prediction equations were developed using data from chemical composition, digestibility and metabolizability of soybean meal samples (n = 25) evaluated in essays at Embrapa Suínos e Aves. The equations were estimated through regression analysis, using the REG procedure of SAS and adjusted R² was the criterion of choice to select the best models. Two equations were estimated for DE and two for ME. To validate the equations, one experiment with two essays was performed to determine the values of DE and ME of five samples of soybean meal. In each essay, 24 growing pigs with an initial weight of 54.20 ± 1.28 kg at first and 54.60 ± 2.26 kg at second essay, were sorted in a complete randomized block design with 6 treatments (1 reference diet and 5 test diets) and 4 replicates. Considering the lowest prediction error (ep), the equations to predict the DE and ME of soybean meal were: DE = 48153 - 1586.1(PB) + 744.5(EE) + 363.6(FB) - 1398.3(MM) + 15.5(PB2) - 170.8(EE2) - 29.3(FB2) + 5.4(FDA2) - 2.5(FDN2) + 90.6(MM2) - 8.2(EEFDA) + 33(EEFDN), with R² = 0.88 and ep = 2.32 and ME = 12692 - 2397.7(MM) - 56.8(EE2) + 164.9(MM2) - 102.2(EEFB) - 12.25(EEFDA) + 67.6(EEFDN) + 5.5(PBFB) - 2.9(PBFDN) with R2= 0.65 and ep= 1.69. Based on the chemical composition data and correlations, it was possible to establish prediction equations for the values of digestible and metabolizable energy of soybean meal for pigs, being necessary validation for greater accuracy of the models.