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This work is an experience report on the 2016 Extension Project "The Cell and the Origin of Disease: A Challenging Medical Theme for High School Students" and the experiences of medical students from the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS). The medical students were responsible for education stations that presented analogies as well as twoand three-dimensional didactic models to teach high school students about the cellular mechanisms that promote diabetes. Medical students reviewed subjects such as digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, production and action of insulin, and the function of cellular receptors and transporters such as SGLT1 and GLUT4. It was verified that the education tools used were interesting to the high school students and engaged them in the content. These findings suggest that the teaching methods employed in this project stimulated learning about the cellular aspects of diabetes mellitus. Medical students acknowledged that the project allowed them to develop responsibilities, initiatives, and sensitivity in the act of teaching and provoking learning in a clear and comprehensible manner-fundamental skills for a preventive and humanized medical approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]