What does it mean to refer to a corpus of diverse sixteenth and seventeenth centuries Latin American chronicles as "mestizo discourse" or as defined by a "mestizo rhetoric"? In this paper, I analyze, from a metonymical and critical perspective, Libro X II from Códice florentino by fray Bernardino de Sahagún, to answer, at least, part of that question. My goal is to show how this book, and specially its beginnings, points out the ways in which a mestizo rhetoric takes form and functions, due to the uses of transposition, metaphors and authorship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]