26 results
Search Results
2. TRIBUTACIÓN EN COLOMBIA: APROXIMACIÓN TEÓRICA Y EMPÍRICA DE LA CURVA DE LAFFER.
- Author
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Herrera Saavedra, Juan Pablo, Villar Otálora, Juan Camilo, and Campo`Robledo, Jacobo
- Subjects
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TAXATION , *LAFFER curve , *INCOME tax , *ECONOMETRIC models , *OPTIMAL taxation , *TAX incidence , *TAX rates - Abstract
This paper estimates the Laffer curve through a comparative statical analysis and an econometric exercise. Starting from a microeconomic specification, it first analyzes the distortion caused by an indirect tax and the welfare implications of maximizing tax collection. Then, using data on real per capita tax revenue and the tax rate, an estimate of an econometric model to calculate the optimal tax rate in Colombia is made. The results show that Laffer's postulates are proven with an optimal rate of 32% and suggest that the government has a margin of almost 12 percentage points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. EL PLAN NACIONAL DE DESARROLLO 2018-2022 "PACTO POR COLOMBIA, PACTO POR LA EQUIDAD". REFLEXIONES Y PROPUESTAS.
- Author
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Berrío, Mary, Espitia, Jorge, Ferrari, César, Iván González, Jorge, Hernández, Isidro, Tassara, Carlo, Varela, David, Villabona, Jairo, and Zafra, Gustavo
- Subjects
- *
INCOMES policy (Economics) , *INVESTMENTS , *INVESTMENT policy , *BUDGET management , *PUBLIC spending , *EQUITY (Law) - Abstract
The Colombian government presented to Congress, the National Development Plan (PND) 2018-2022 "Pact for Colombia, Pact for Equity," which was approved by Law 1955 of 2019. The reflections and proposals included in this paper refer to the main components of the PND, the reforms proposed, the Multi-Annual Program of Investments that accompanies it, as well as to its apparent omissions. The paper does not intend to cover all the topics in the PND. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Pandemia y política económica: la política monetaria en discusión.
- Author
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Baquero Beltrán, Amy and Villamil, Jaime
- Subjects
- *
COVID-19 pandemic , *ECONOMIC policy , *MONETARY policy , *ECONOMIC expansion , *UNEMPLOYMENT , *PRICE inflation , *CENTRAL banking industry - Abstract
This paper explores the credibility of monetary policy in Colombia and its evolution after the adoption of the inflation targeting system. To do so, a non-linear Phillips curve is estimated based on unemployment for an open economy, which incorporates the direct effect of past inflation rate on price formation and a prospective component. It shows a deeper trade-off between inflation and unemployment and lower inflationary persistence. Consequently, the country could emphasize the greater responsibility of the central bank in economic growth and employment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Corrupción, transparencia y participación política en Colombia.
- Author
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Arévalo Bencardino, Julián, García Albarracín, Andrea, and Ortiz Escobar, David
- Subjects
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CORRUPTION , *TRANSPARENCY in government , *POLITICAL participation , *PUBLIC demonstrations , *PRACTICAL politics , *SOCIAL movements , *HUMAN rights - Abstract
This paper studies the relationship of the perception of corruption and lack of transparency with voting preferences and protests. It examines the case of Colombia using data from the 2015 Latinobarómetro Survey and a multinomial logistic model that assumes a simultaneous choice of participation type (or a combination of types), which allows us to establish whether the preference for protest substitutes or complements the preference for voting. A positive relationship was found between the perception of corruption and lack of transparency with the preference to protest in addition to voting. If citizens perceive greater corruption or doubt government transparency, they are more willing to participate in demonstrations, without reducing their support for electoral participation. This suggests that there is a general acceptance of formal democratic participation despite the shortcomings of the political regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Política de descentralización y sector educativo en el departamento del Huila.
- Author
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Rojas Velásquez, Libardo and Sierra Chavarro, Jakeline
- Subjects
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SCHOOL decentralization , *EDUCATION policy , *EDUCATION & politics , *EDUCATIONAL quality , *MUNICIPAL government , *UNIVERSITY & college administration , *CITIES & towns - Abstract
This paper analyzes the impact of the decentralization policy on the education sector of the Department of Huila. It uses panel data on fiscal, administrative and political decentralization, as well as educational coverage and educational quality of all its municipalities in the period 2005-2015. The results show that educational coverage has a positive relationship with administrative decentralization, and that fiscal, administrative and political decentralization contribute to improving the quality of municipal education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. ALBERT HIRSCHMAN, LAUCHLIN CURRIE, LA TEORÍA DE LOS "ESLABONAMIENTOS" Y EL "GRAN IMPULSO" DE PAUL ROSENSTEIN-RODAN.
- Author
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Sandilands, Roger
- Subjects
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ECONOMIC development , *ECONOMIC models , *ECONOMIC policy ,COLOMBIAN economy - Abstract
This paper introduces an unpublished 1970 work written by the distinguished development economist Lauchlin Currie (1902-93) on Paul Rosenstein Rodan's famous 1944 essay on the "Big Push" which led to the debate on balanced and unbalanced growth in which Albert Hirschman (1915-2012) was an important contributor. Both Currie and Hirschman had been key economic advisers to the Colombian government and here their respective views on development planning are contrasted. In particular, it is shown how Currie's 1970 paper clarifies the theory that serves as the basis for Colombia's 1971-74 National Plan, which he designed and helped execute, and whose institutional innovations have had a lasting impact on Colombia's recent economic history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. DIVERGENCIA INSTITUCIONAL: EL BANCO DE LA REPÚBLICA Y LA COMISIÓN NACIONAL DE TELEVISIÓN.
- Author
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Arciniegas, Javier Sanclemente
- Subjects
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CENTRAL banking industry , *LAW & economics , *AUTONOMY (Economics) , *GOVERNMENT regulation , *DIFFERENCES ,COLOMBIA. National Television Commission - Abstract
The paper analyzes the divergence in the evolution of two institutions of economic regulation: The Central Bank and the National Television Commission. These entities arose from the same constituent process, and were inspired by the same objective; however, they have had an opposite trajectory. While the Central Bank managed to flourish within the Colombian institutional landscape, the National Television Commission was unable to consolidate and was finally suppressed. We conclude that this difference is explained by two main reasons: on the one hand, different legal design and on the other, the institutional effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. ESTIMACIÓN ALTERNATIVA DE LA POBREZA MULTIDIMENSIONAL EN COLOMBIA.
- Author
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Sánchez Torres, Roberto, Maturana Cifuentes, Laura, and Manzano Murillo, Lizeth
- Subjects
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POVERTY , *POVERTY rate , *QUALITY of life , *WELFARE economics , *LOW-income consumers , *REGIONAL differences - Abstract
It is an accepted idea that poverty is much more than low incomes. Consequently, the multidimensional approach has become an alternative way to understand that question. The aim of this paper is to propose an alternative estimation of multidimensional poverty in Colombia. The methodology uses unconventional dimensions, continuous and pseudo-continuous variables; it will estimate dimensional gaps and apply Bourguignon and Chakravarty's methodology. Although, there has been a noticeable reduction of headcount poverty, the multidimensional poverty gap and its severity have not shown the same trend. In addition, there are huge regional differences, and dimensions with high deprivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. EL GASTO PÚBLICO EN COLOMBIA: COMPARACIONES INTERNACIONALES, EVOLUCIÓN Y ESTRUCTURA.
- Author
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Melo Becerra, Ligia Alba and Ramos Forero, Jorge Enrique
- Subjects
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PUBLIC spending , *PUBLIC goods , *SIZE of states , *INCOME , *GROSS domestic product ,DEVELOPED countries - Abstract
This paper evaluates the size of the State in an international context and analyzes the behavior of public spending in Colombia during the last two decades. It takes a theoretical and empirical review of optimal public spending, and presents international comparisons of the size of the State which support the Wagner Law: the size of the State grows at the same rate or at a higher rate than income. It also describes the evolution of central national government spending based on the traditional economic classification, and reviews the evolution of government spending according to purpose, emphasizing social spending. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. LIBERALIZACIÓN COMERCIAL EN COLOMBIA: ¿MODERNIZACIÓN O TRAMPA?
- Author
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Coronel-López, Jorge, Paola Danna-Buitrago, Jenny, and Mercado-Suárez, Álvaro
- Subjects
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FINANCIAL liberalization , *FREE trade , *POLITICAL business cycles , *INTERNATIONAL trade , *ECONOMIC policy ,COLOMBIAN economy - Abstract
This paper discusses the gap between the expected and real effects of Colombian trade liberalization policy. First, we stress the influence of international integration on Colombia's growth and development, and explains why moving toward more free trade has not contributed to the consolidation of high value-added industries in that country. Ultimately, we apply the theory of political cycles and suggest that political power in Colombia has contributed to get the country trapped into an international dependency on primary commodities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. CRECIMIENTO ECONÓMICO COLOMBIANO DE 1888 A 2013: UNA NUEVA SERIE DEL PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO.
- Author
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de Corso, Giuseppe B.
- Subjects
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GROSS domestic product , *ECONOMIC development , *INVESTMENTS , *COFFEE industry , *PETROLEUM industry , *ECONOMIC policy ,COLOMBIAN economy - Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present a historical series of Colombian GDP from 1888 to 2013. For that purpose we have employed an expenditure approach to reconstruct the GDP for the period 1888-1929. We linked it to the official statistics data of the DANE. The result is expressed in 2011 purchasing parity dollars for international comparisons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. STATE CAPACITY AND SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRACY: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR POST CONFLICT COLOMBIA.
- Author
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Bencardino, Julián Arévalo
- Subjects
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DEMOCRACY , *DEMOCRATIZATION , *PEACEBUILDING , *POLITICAL systems , *CIVIL rights ,COLOMBIAN politics & government - Abstract
Over the latest years, one of the major concerns with political systems around the world is what some authors have called the "democratic recession". Some recent discussions on these issues focus on the capacity of the state to respond to the demands of its citizens. This paper studies the relationship between state capacity -understood as state performance on areas such as providing security, justice administration, tax collection and guaranteeing rights-, and support for democratic principles and Colombia's regime. The empirical results show that lower levels of assessment of state's capacity are associated to lower levels of support for democratic principles and performance. These results are discussed in the context of the peace agreements between the Colombian government and the FARC guerrillas, as well as the implications posed by this relationship in regards to the challenges and opportunities for post conflict Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. PRODUCTIVIDAD Y DISTRIBUCIÓN DEL INGRESO: IMPLICACIONES SOBRE EL SALARIO MÍNIMO COLOMBIANO, 2001-2016.
- Author
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Ossa Hernández, Daniel Francisco
- Subjects
- *
INCOME inequality , *MINIMUM wage , *INDUSTRIAL productivity , *NEOCLASSICAL school of economics , *ECONOMIC policy ,COLOMBIAN economy - Abstract
This paper reviews the discussion on the most appropriate method for measuring productivity. It takes into account the TFP, the productivity of capital, and labor productivity, as well as its interpretations, scope, and relations. Additionally, it analyzes the impacts of this discussion on the evolution of the Colombian minimum wage over the period 2001-2016. Finally, it discusses the relationship between the growth of productivity and the distribution of income between capital and labor, proposing a critique of the neoclassical perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. CAPACIDAD DEL ESTADO Y APOYO A LA DEMOCRACIA: RETOS Y OPORTUNIDADES PARA LA COLOMBIA DEL POSTCONFLICTO.
- Author
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Bencardino, Julián Arévalo
- Subjects
- *
DEMOCRACY , *DEMOCRATIZATION , *PEACEBUILDING , *POLITICAL systems , *CIVIL rights ,COLOMBIAN politics & government - Abstract
Over the latest years, one of the major concerns with political systems around the world is what some authors have called the "democratic recession". Some recent discussions on these issues focus on the capacity of the state to respond to the demands of its citizens. This paper studies the relationship between state capacity -understood as state performance on areas such as providing security, justice administration, tax collection and guaranteeing rights-, and support for democratic principles and Colombia's regime. The empirical results show that lower levels of assessment of state's capacity are associated to lower levels of support for democratic principles and performance. These results are discussed in the context of the peace agreements between the Colombian government and the FARC guerrillas, as well as the implications posed by this relationship in regards to the challenges and opportunities for post conflict Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. DESARROLLO, REESTRUCTURACIÓN DEL GASTO PÚUBLICO Y ALIANZAS PÚBLICO-PRIVADAS.
- Author
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Botero García, Jesús and García Guzmán, José
- Subjects
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PUBLIC spending , *PUBLIC-private sector cooperation , *INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics) , *HUMAN capital , *FREE trade , *ECONOMIC policy ,COLOMBIAN economy - Abstract
This paper analyzes the welfare effects of improvements in investment in education and infrastructure with public-private participation, in a fiscal framework of a small and open economy for the Colombian economy. A DSGE model is built where families make decisions on human capital and the government finances megaprojects by placing infrastructure bonds. The results suggest greater effects in the long-term adjustment and improvements in social welfare when public spending is focused on sectors with higher levels of employment and technological and innovation improvements are introduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. EXPLOTACIÓN DE RECURSOS NATURALES Y CONFLICTO EN COLOMBIA.
- Author
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Eduardo Sandoval, Luis, Marín, Margarita, and María Almanza, Ana
- Subjects
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RESOURCE exploitation , *ENVIRONMENTAL policy , *MINERAL industries & the environment , *MINES & mineral resources , *SOCIAL conflict , *CRIME - Abstract
Colombia has increasingly been specializing in the extraction of mineral and energy resources such as gold, coal, oil and ferronickel. These activities, in the context of state weakness, have engendered conflicts of different dimensions. This paper proposes an indicator of conflict related to mineral exploitation that classifies five dimensions of conflict: social, economic, cultural, political and environmental. The aggregate indicator shows that murders, displacement of Afrodescendent populations, flooding, pollution, fires, infant mortality, coca crops and sexual offenses are highly and positively correlated with the number of conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. ¿QUIÉN PAGA POR LA PAZ EN COLOMBIA?
- Author
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Felbab-Brown, Vanda
- Subjects
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CACAO growers , *INTERNALLY displaced persons , *PEACE treaties , *ARMED Forces ,COLOMBIAN politics & government - Abstract
This paper, examines the political costs that will have to be borne by farc; the Colombian military; Colombia's rightist politicians and elite and vested interests, internally-displaced people, the coca farmers, and Colombia's middle class. The analysis also touches on the roles and impacts of various other actors, such as bandas criminales and militant groups continuing to operate in Colombia, including the ELN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. PRÁCTICAS PARA MEJORAR LA REGULACIÓN EN COLOMBIA.
- Author
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Pinzón Camargo, Mario Andrés
- Subjects
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MONETARY policy , *GOVERNMENT regulation , *ECONOMIC competition , *GOVERNMENT agencies , *ECONOMIC policy ,COLOMBIAN economy - Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to analyze, with a new institutional economics framework, regulatory activity and its motivations. Better regulatory frameworks contribute to create an environment of legitimacy for the actions of the State. Nevertheless, this legitimacy can only be achieved by ensuring the efficiency and effectiveness of such frameworks in relation to the aim pursued such as correct market failures, reduce inequity failures, or generation of more competitive environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. INFLACIÓN Y ADULTOS MAYORES EN COLOMBIA.
- Author
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Montenegro, Álvaro and Ramírez, Lina M.
- Subjects
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ECONOMIC conditions of older people , *PRICE inflation , *SENIOR housing , *HEALTH of older people , *INCOME , *WEALTH ,COLOMBIAN economy - Abstract
This paper uses Colombian data to compare the impact of inflation on the elderly and the general population. On average, the elderly spend a greater proportion on housing and health and less on education. Between December 2008 and May 2015, they experienced a higher inflation rate than the rest of the population. Lower income elderly households spend a higher share of their income on housing and food, and face higher inflation than wealthier elderly households. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. EL NIVEL DE INGLÉS DESPUÉS DE CURSAR LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR EN COLOMBIA: UNA COMPARACIÓN DE DISTRIBUCIONES.
- Author
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César Alonso, Julio, Martin, Juan David, and Gallo, Beatriz
- Subjects
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LANGUAGE ability , *FOREIGN language education , *ENGLISH language education , *EDUCATION , *COMMUNICATIVE competence , *BILINGUALISM , *HIGHER education - Abstract
The Colombian Government has adopted a policy to improve communication skills in English at all education levels and especially in higher education, but little has been written about the achievements of the policy. This paper examines changes in the distribution of students' English proficiency level between the start and completion of their higher education programs. The results suggest an improvement in the distribution after graduating from higher education, characterized by a greater impact at higher scoring levels and an increased polarization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. EL MITO DE LOS 400 MIL ABORTOS EN COLOMBIA.
- Author
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Rubio, Mauricio
- Subjects
- *
ABORTION statistics , *PUBLIC health , *COLOMBIANS , *DEMOGRAPHIC characteristics , *HEALTH surveys , *DEMOGRAPHIC surveys , *HEALTH - Abstract
For several years, without any justification and against all available evidence, it has been said that in Colombia 400,000 clandestine abortions are performed each year. This paper seeks to test the validity of this number. First, it provides an overview of what could have been the original source of this figure, and then it shows that this hasty calculation is inconsistent with a rigorous study of induced abortion made in 1992. Also, it analyses different sources of information that contradict those assessments; exposes the difficulties inherent in estimating the magnitude of illegal activities; and criticizes one methodology. Finally, it estimates the range of the number of annual abortions based on the Demographic and Health Surveys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. CRECIMIENTO ECONÓMICO Y DEMOGRÁFICO REGIONAL EN COLOMBIA, 1985-2012.
- Author
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Armando Galvis, Luis
- Subjects
- *
ECONOMIC development , *POPULATION statistics , *MARKOV processes , *DEMOGRAPHIC characteristics , *DEMOGRAPHIC change , *ECONOMIC policy ,COLOMBIAN economy, 1970- - Abstract
Economic and demographic growth in Colombia has been dominated by the largest cities. This has resulted in the common belief that Colombia is mainly an urban country. The aim of this paper is to show how economic and demographic growth has evolved, especially in terms of population density, since the mid-eighties. Using Markov transition chains and their spatial counterpart, we show that since the mid-eighties, municipalities have experienced a highly persistent pattern in which the main cities have maintained their position as the most densely populated. In contrast, municipalities that exhibited low levels of population density have remained relatively stagnant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. LA TITULARIZACIÓN EN COLOMBIA: VEINTE AÑOS DE REGULACIÓN, 1993-2013.
- Author
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Barón, Constanza Blanco
- Subjects
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ASSET backed financing , *MORTGAGES , *GOVERNMENT regulation , *INVESTMENTS , *ECONOMIC policy ,COLOMBIAN economy - Abstract
The analysis of innovative processes such as securitization leads to asking if the behavior of economic agents is a response to the institutional changes with specific objectives, or if the changes in the regulatory regime are the result of market behaviour or needs of the economy. The objective of this paper is to apply the theory of institutional change of North (agent, source, process and way of change) to examine the Colombian market in the period 1993-2013 in order to explore the main events which had an influence on the performance of securitization in general, and mortgage securitization in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
25. IDENTIFICACIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LOS TRABAJADORES POBRES EN COLOMBIA, 2002-2012.
- Author
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Sánchez Torres, Roberto Mauricio
- Subjects
- *
POOR people , *WORKING class , *POVERTY , *LABOR market , *SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors , *INCOME - Abstract
This paper is an approach to the study of the working poor in Colombia. The purpose is to analyze poverty linked to types of labor insertion, Using data from the Continuous Household Survey and the Large Integrated Household Survey, it analyses main poverty indicators for the workers, and poverty decomposition by geographical area between 2002 and 2012. In addition, it offers a socio-demographic and occupational characterization of the working poor, concluding that the composition of the labor market and the type of labor insertion are determinants of low income. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
26. LA MISIÓN DEL BANCO MUNDIAL A COLOMBIA DE 1949, Y LAS VISIONES OPUESTAS DE LAUCHLIN CURRIE Y ALBERT HIRSCHMAN.
- Author
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Sandilands, Roger
- Subjects
- *
ECONOMIC development , *MACROECONOMICS , *TWENTIETH century , *ECONOMIC policy ,COLOMBIAN politics & government - Abstract
The 1949 World Bank mission headed by Lauchlin Currie recommended an integral attack on the interlocking vicious circles of underdevelopment through a widening of domestic and international markets and a reform of macroeconomic policy formulation. In 1950 Currie was invited by the Colombian Government to return as adviser to a new national planning board. In 1952 Albert Hirschman was also hired as an adviser to this board. This paper discusses the heated disagreements between these two distinguished economists, their influence on the theory and practice of economic development in Colombia and of the World Bank, and in particular their focus on planning based on an integral program versus individual project approaches to planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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