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Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare neurological complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (incidence of 1.1-22%). Usually presents as a disorder of consciousness or encephalopathy, associated in most cases with headache, visual disturbance, Hypertension and epileptic seizures. Literature describes the presence of PRES in patients who have received immunosuppressive agents after Hematopoietic Stem Cells transplantation, including cyclosporine, tacrolimus, and sirolimus, as well as chemotherapy such as cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate, L-aspar, among others. Two cases of hematological patients with PRES are presented, and a review of the literature on PRES after Hematopoietic Stem Cells transplantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the association of comprehensive assessment scores with mortality in geriatric patients of a national reference hospital in Peru. The study: A prospective cohort study was conducted. Patients over 60 years of age were included during the period from November 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022. The data was collected from the clinical history. SOFA, KATZ, FAST and Charlson Index scores were included to evaluate the association with mortality. Findings: 93 participants were found. The prevalence of mortality was 32.3%. In the simple regression, an association was observed between SOFA score greater than or equal to 12 (RR:15.3), FAST score (RR:2.29) and the Charlson index (RR:2.46) with intrahospital mortality. In the multiple regression adjusted for age and sex, only the SOFA score maintained statistical significance (RR: 13.42 p<0.001). Conclusion: The SOFA score has a strong association with in-hospital mortality in geriatric patients admitted to an intensive care unit in Peru. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Most of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 have had neurological manifestations. However, biomarkers for specific neurological manifestations and how these affect clinical outcomes are still unclear. Objective: To describe the frequency of neurological manifestations in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and analyze their relationship with biomarkers and relevant clinical outcomes. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included adult patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 with at least one neurological manifestation. Headache, anosmia, ageusia, and polyneuromyopathy were classified as nonspecific neurological manifestations, whereas epileptic seizures, decreased level of consciousness, delirium, encephalitis, abnormal movements, ataxia, and cerebrovascular events as specific. Assessed associations: a) clinical and laboratory covariates with the presentation of a specific neurological manifestation; b) the relationship between specific neurological manifestation and COVID-19 severity, mechanical ventilation, and mortality; and c) duration of mechanical ventilation and polyneuromyopathy. Results: Of the 338 patients included in the study, 61,2% had severe COVID-19, 25,2% required mechanical ventilation, and 23,7% died. The most frequent neurological manifestations were headache (68,3%), delirium (41,9%), decreased level of consciousness (40,8%), and polyneuromyopathy (21,8%). High serum D-dimer levels and lymphopenia were associated with a specific neurological manifestation. At least one specific neurological manifestation was found in 39,9% of patients, and these group was associated with mechanical ventilation and mortality. Finally, a longer duration on mechanical ventilation was associated with a higher frequency of polyneuromyopathy. Conclusion: Specific neurological manifestations were frequent in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and are associated with greater clinical and laboratory severity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista del Cuerpo Médico del Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo is the property of Cuerpo Medico del Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Basal nuclei are gray matter substances, involved in the regulation of different metabolic functions and are vulnerable to situations of hypoxia and different pathological situations. Imaging findings are not specific in most cases. Case of report: The cases of ten patients with bilateral metabolic lesions in the basal nuclei treated at a national reference hospital in Peru are reported, and a review of the literature is carried out: 3 cases of postoperative hypoparathyroidism, 2 of Wernicke's encephalopathy, 1 with hepatolenticular degeneration, 1 with extrapontine myelinolysis, 1 methanol intoxication and 2 with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Conclusion: Bilateral lesions of the basal nuclei as a result of metabolic lesions are nonspecific, so the clinical context is of vital importance, as well as the particularities of the imaging findings, for the adequate recognition of the etiological entities and their timely management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista del Cuerpo Médico del Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo is the property of Cuerpo Medico del Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide and the current COVID-19 pandemic has a great impact on the care of these patients. Aim: To describe the characteristics of patients with a cerebrovascular event in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the medical center with the highest hospital capacity in Peru. The Study. We conducted a retrospective study and included patients older than 18 years hospitalized with the diagnosis of COVID-19 and stroke. Findings. A total of 26 adults were included, the mean age was 69.8 years and the median time of admission was 24 hours. Mortality was high (42.3%) and was associated with age and respiratory compromise by COVID-19. The majority of survivors had a poor functional outcome. Conclusion. It is concluded that improvement in care processes is necessary in order to make an early diagnosis and timely treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetive: To evaluate the efficacy of 810 diode laser treatment in patients with serious retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in the HRDLMCH during the period 2011-2015. Material and Methods: An analytical, retrospective, cross-sectional study of 224 patients diagnosed with retinopathy of prematurity (ICD 10: H35.1). For the evaluation of the efficacy of the treatment, the assessment of the structural results given by the ophthalmologist after the application of the laser was used. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS v.23.0 program. To establish the relationship of the main epidemiological variables with the ROP severity groups statistical relationship tests were used. For the analysis of the predictive risk factors of severe ROP its used logistic regression. Results: The incidence of ROP was 26.52%. The severity of ROP was related to weight, gestational age at birth and number of ophthalmologic examinations. The 51.72% of the patients with severe ROP were women, the average birth weight was 1243.76 grams, and the average gestational age was 30.52 weeks. The gestational age at birth and the number of blood transfusions are predictive factors of severe ROP. The assessment of the structural result was favorable in 100%, the functional results presented an adequate assessment in 91.39% and complications occurred in 5.17% of the treated eyes. Conclusion: The laser diode 810's treatment in patients with severe ROP was effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]