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Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of [ 68 Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT (PET-PSMA) in local and loco-regional nodal staging compared with histopathological results in intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) and pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND)., Materials Y Methods: A total of 122 intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) patients staged with PET-PSMA and treated with RP (36/122) and RP plus PLND (86/122) from December 2018 to December 2023 were included. Visual and semiquantitative analysis findings using the SUVmax of the molecular imaging were correlated with histopathological results., Results: The primary tumor was visible by PET-PSMA in 96.7% of the patients. A positive correlation was found between PSA levels and SUVmax (Spearman's r: 0.303, p < 0.001). PET-PSMA detected nodal involvement in 25/89 patients (28.08%). The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of PET-PSMA for detecting nodal involvement were 75%, 82.2%, and 80.9%, respectively. Patients with PSA levels >20 ng/mL, Gleason score ≥7b, ISUP grade >2, and extracapsular extension showed significantly higher SUVmax values. No differences were observed in SUVmax between risk groups or in other histopathological variables., Conclusions: PET-PSMA is an effective tool for the initial staging of intermediate- and high-risk PCa. SUVmax values were significantly higher in patients with unfavorable clinical features., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2024 Sociedad Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common tumor in men in the West and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death. The use of PSMA radioligands has represented an important advance both in its diagnosis, through PET molecular imaging, and in its treatment in advanced stages of the disease. This article reviews the contribution of PET studies with PSMA radioligands in initial staging, in tumor detection in biochemical recurrence (elevation of PSA) after treatment with curative intent, and in the more advanced stages of the disease (castration resistant PC or CRPC). The contribution of PSMA radioligand therapy (PSMA-RLT) in CRPC patients who progress to standard therapy is also analyzed., (Copyright © 2021 Sociedad Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objetive: To evaluate the enterohepatic circulation of 75-Selenium turoselecolic acid ( 75 Se-SeHCAT) during the first 3 h and its correlation with the abdominal retention at the 7th day (AR 7 ), as contribution to the clinical study of biliar acid malabsorption (BAM)., Materials and Methods: 38 patients with chronic diarrhea were retrospectively studied. Acquisition protocol included static abdominal images at 1st, 2nd and 3rd hour and the 7th day after oral administration of the radiopharmaceutical. Images of 1-3 h determined 5 patterns of enterohepatic circulation that, due to their location, were characterized as: 1) gallbladder 2-3 h, 2) gallbladder 3 h, 3) gallbladder-abdomen 2-3 h, 4) abdomen, 5) upper left abdomen. The association of these patterns with the AR 7 (Fisher, STATA) were investigated. Patients were classified as Non BAM (AR 7  > 15%), mild-BAM (AR 7 15-10%), moderate-BAM (AR 7 10-5%) or severe-BAM (AR 7  < 5%)., Results: 19 patients had an AR 7 diagnostic of BAM (7 mild-BAM, 5 moderate-BAM, 7 severe-BAM). The pattern "gallbladder at 2-3 h" was statistically associated with Non BAM (p 0,008), while "gallbladder-abdomen at 2-3 h" was correlated with having BAM (p 0,029)., Conclusion: Variations detected at the abdominal level in images during the first 3 h were associated with changes in intestinal absorption and the incorporation of the radiopharmaceutical into the pool of bile acids, so visual interpretation of the images at 2nd and 3rd hour could be useful in the final assessment of the study., (Copyright © 2021 Sociedad Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To determine the accuracy of visual analysis and the retention index (RI) with dual-time point 18 F-FDG PET/CT for the characterization of indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPN) with low FDG uptake., Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 43 patients (28 men, 64 ± 11 years old, range 36-83 years) referred for IPN characterization with 18 F-FDG-PET/CT and maximum standard uptake value ≤ 2.5 at 60 minutes post-injection (SUV max1 ). Nodules were analyzed by size, visual score for FDG uptake on standard (OSEM 2,8) and high definition (HD) reconstructions, SUV max1 , SUV max at 180 minutes post-injection (SUV max2 ), and RI was calculated. The definitive diagnosis was based on histopathological confirmation (n = 28) or ≥ 2 years of follow-up., Results: Twenty-four (56%) nodules were malignant. RI ≥ 10% on standard reconstruction detected 18 nodules that would have been considered negative using the standard SUV max ≥ 2.5 criterion for malignancy. RI ≥ 10% had a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of 75, 73.7, 78.3, 70, and 74.4%, respectively, while for FDG uptake > liver on HD these were 79.1, 63.2, 73.1, 70.6, and 72.1%, respectively. SUV max1 ≥ 2, SUV max2 > 2.5 and FDG uptake > liver on standard reconstruction had a PPV of 100%. FDG uptake > mediastinum on HD had a NPV of 100%., Conclusions: RI ≥ 10% was the most accurate criterion for malignancy, followed by FDG uptake > liver on HD reconstruction. On standard reconstruction, SUV max1 ≥2 was highly predictive of malignancy, as well as SUV max2 > 2.5 and FDG uptake > liver. FDG uptake < mediastinum on HD was highly predictive of benign nodules., (Copyright © 2020 Sociedad Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objetive: To evaluate the enterohepatic circulation of 75-Selenium turoselecolic acid ( 75 Se-SeHCAT) during the first 3 hours and its correlation with the abdominal retention at the 7 th day (AR 7 ), as contribution to the clinical study of biliar acid malabsorption (BAM)., Materials and Methods: 38 patients with chronic diarrhea were retrospectively studied. Acquisition protocol included static abdominal images at 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd hour and the 7 th day after oral administration of the radiopharmaceutical. Images of 1 to 3 hours determined 5 patterns of enterohepatic circulation that, due to their location, were characterized as: 1) gallbladder 2-3 hours, 2) gallbladder 3 hours, 3) gallbladder-abdomen 2-3 hours, 4) abdomen, 5) upper left abdomen. The association of these patterns with the AR 7 (Fisher, STATA) were investigated. Patients were classified as Non BAM (AR 7 >15%), mild-BAM (AR 7 : 15-10%), moderate-BAM (AR 7 : 10-5%) or severe-BAM (AR 7 <5%)., Results: 19 patients had an AR 7 diagnostic of BAM (7 mild-BAM, 5 moderate-BAM, 7 severe-BAM). The pattern "gallbladder at 2-3 hours" was statistically associated with Non BAM (p 0,008), while "gallbladder-abdomen at 2-3 hours" was correlated with having BAM (p 0,029)., Conclusion: Variations detected at the abdominal level in images during the first 3 hours were associated with changes in intestinal absorption and the incorporation of the radiopharmaceutical into the pool of bile acids, so visual interpretation of the images at 2 nd and 3 rd hour could be useful in the final assessment of the study., (Copyright © 2021 Sociedad Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)