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Objective: to build, validate and apply a test that explores and evaluates the clinical aptitudes of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Ob/Gyn) residents., Material and Methods: the test included five actual clinical cases representing the main obstetric conditions associated with obstetric bleeding. The validation process included rounds with experts and the final version of the test included 100 items in which the answers had the options "true." "false " and "don't know." A pilot study and the 21 Kuder-Richardson formula served to increase the consistency of the test. Then, 33 Ob/Gyn residents (8 of 2nd year; 14 of 3rd year and 11 of 4th year) answered the test., Results: According to the 21 Kuder-Richardson formula the consistency of the test was 0.80; regarding the clinical aptitudes, 18 % of residents scored in the middle level, 66 % in the low level and 15 % in the very low level. No resident scored in the high or very high levels or by chance answers level. The Kruskal-Wallis test did not show statistically significant differences among the three groups and with the U test of Mann-Whitney no differences between groups were observed after comparing 2nd year versus 3rd year; 3rd year versus 4th year, and 2nd year versus 4th year residents., Conclusions: The years of residence did not show differences to developing clinical aptitudes. Most of the residents were located in the low level of these clinical aptitudes. This study underlined the need to reconsider our educative processes in a qualitative different manner.