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The aim of this paper is to analyse the discursive construction of Standard Spanish in a corpus of language columns written in Spain during the 19th and the 20th centuries. Drawing on the framework of glottopolitics, we examine the socalled «Standard Language ideology» (Milroy/ Milroy [1985] 1991, 1), according to which one specific variety is intrinsically superior to the rest, one that is «correct» and should thus be prioritised as a model for language performance and «good» usage, in this case, in the Hispanic world. The relevance of metalinguistic discourse in the analysis of language columnism lies not only in the existing debates concerning the prestigious and stigmatised linguistic uses, but also in its contribution to the construction of an ideological scenario regarding what a language must be. In this respect, the texts of the selected columnists contribute to the construction of Spanish as the only national, common and standard language on both sides of the Atlantic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Columns on language are characterised by the fact that they are discourses in which a problem related to language is discussed. They are argumentative texts in which subjectivity and scientific explanation are combined to influence groups of readers with whom they share broad areas of agreement. The aim of this paper is to analyse the topics on which the discourse on language in linguistic columnism is based from its origins to the present day. Based on Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca (2015) typology of the places of argumentation quantity, quality, order, and essence a corpus of columns on language is analysed in order to find the argumentative correlates of these topics in the discourse on language. Their continuity over time and their relevance as characterizing elements of the metalinguistic discursive tradition they form will be shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of a pragmalinguistic analysis of the manifestations of polyphony through reported speech, and oralization within a corpus of Columns about Language published in the Spanish press between 1960 and 2020. Based on the polyphonic theory and oralization in the media, as well as in previous studies on linguistic ideologies in the press, this mixed analysis aims at finding the most frequent reported speech and oralizing mechanisms present in the corpus, and identifying their discursive functions within these texts. The results show that, with few differences and throughout the period considered, the columns favor direct speech and interrogative statements. These strategies allow, in most cases, to reproduce other people’s discourses that are critically evaluated, and to establish a relationship of complicity with the readers of the column. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper sets out to analyse the linguistic resources used by Valera in his letters with the specific purpose of persuading the recipient of the usefulness of his advice or promoting his ideas on ethical or moral issues. The study focuses on three important aspects from a pragmati++++c perspective: the features of formal language variety, which project an image of Valera as a cultivated courtier; the internal coherence of the discourse (adaptation to the epistolary genre moulds and use of discursive connection resources); and, finally, the linguistic mitigation strategies, aimed at protecting his own image and that of the recipient. In a political landscape as complex as that of the 15th century, Valera's skills in managing these resources enhance his image as a skilled advisor and reinforces the persuasive message of his letters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite conceiving epistemological principles as the most important element in a science, Eugenio Coseriu did not ever succeed in publishing any Lessons in Philosophy of Linguistics as such. Instead, he expressed a great number of his epistemological convictions as comments scattered across nearly all of his writings. In order to highlight the indissolubility between the linguistic and philosophical dimensions of theorization which characterized Coseriu’s approach to language, it becomes necessary to check which aspects his linguistic thinking, which argumentation procedures and which key categorizations and concepts in his linguistic theorization originated from issues of a philosophical nature – especially in what specifically concerns philosophy of linguistics. In this respect, the aim of this paper is to identify the philosophical-scientific foundations underlying “Logicismo y antilogicismo en la gramática” (“Logicism and Antilogicism in Grammar”). In doing so, my goal consists in showing that this work is not a mere linguistic study, but an essential approach to unravel the epistemological principles around which the whole philosophical-scientific edifice of Coserian linguistic theory is structured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite conceiving epistemological principles as the most important element in a science, Eugenio Coseriu did not ever succeed in publishing any Lessons in Philosophy of Linguistics as such. Instead, he expressed a great number of his epistemological convictions as comments scattered across nearly all of his writings. In order to highlight the indissolubility between the linguistic and philosophical dimensions of theorization which characterized Coseriu's approach to language, it becomes necessary to check which aspects his linguistic thinking, which argumentation procedures and which key categorizations and concepts in his linguistic theorization originated from issues of a philosophical nature - especially in what specifically concerns philosophy of linguistics. In this respect, the aim of this paper is to identify the philosophical-scientific foundations underlying "Logicismo y antilogicismo en la gramática" ("Logicism and Antilogicism in Grammar"). In doing so, my goal consists in showing that this work is not a mere linguistic study, but an essential approach to unravel the epistemological principles around which the whole philosophical-scientific edifice of Coserian linguistic theory is structured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers the notion of semantic attenuation (Langacker 1985, 1990) as a bleaching process that involve subjectivity and thus can operate as the basis for the formation of cierto 'certain' as an attenuative marker where assertiveness is downplayed. The notion of intersubjectivity proposed by Delbecque for cierto (2009) is revised based on the range of meanings attested in discourse in Mexican Spanish. Intersubjective-objective uses are to be distinguished from intersubjective-interlocutive ones as the second type depends crucially on the interaction between speech participants. The study shows that the attenuative uses of cierto do not come from the adjectival intersubjective uses but from the fuzzy specific-indefinite determination of cierto and other fixed constructions (en cierta manera 'in some way', hasta cierto punto 'up to some degree/point') which diminish the degree of assertiveness of a sentence. The first samples of attenuation come from modifying scalar properties with negative associations and, from those uses, other assertive reducing effects take place. Finally, the paper shows that the digressive marker por cierto which operates at the level of discourse continuity lacks the semantic properties to fully operate as an attenuative marker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current Spanish, there are different examples of infinitives introduced by a seemingly superfluous preposition: the infinitives can be preceded by the preposition de (Le dijo de ir), by the preposition a (Lo mandó a callar) and by the preposition para (Le dijo para ir de inmediato). The aim of this paper is to show that the presence of this preposition is intimately linked to the original final value of the infinitive and that this origin is translated in the current syntax of the exhortative and volitive verbs and in the lexical and grammatical aspect that the infinitive can express, according to the syntactic context. From the history of the language, it is intended to explain the current state of the infinitive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we analyze the expressions formed by ni with non clausal phrases (noun phrase with preposition, adjective phrase, adverbial phrase, infinitive, gerund). From this structure come several expressions of rejection very common ones in the current colloquial Spanish, like ni hablar, ni pensarlo, ni queriendo, ni soñando, ni de coña, etc. emerge from this structure. The starting hypothesis is that these expressions, despite coming from different base categories, have a very similar discursive behavior in conversational discourse and show a high level of grammaticalization. To carry out this research, we use the communicative exchanges included in the Corpus MEsA, which includes discourse from Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, WhatsApp, YouTube, blogs, digital forums and web pages of diverse themes. The methodology followed is the Macrosintaxis model of Fuentes Rodríguez (2019a), developed from Pragmatic Linguistics (Fuentes Rodríguez 2000). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the disciplines that has been studied in recent years under the umbrella of lexical semantics is terminology. This paper investigates the terminology of a specialised language, that of the leather industry, in order to analyse the observable conceptual relationships. The paper first reviews different approaches to the terminological typologization of the conceptual relationships with regard to examples from our corpus. The second part consists of a case study on the term petaquero. Finally, I suggest a typology of the conceptual relations according to the classification suggested by Casas Gómez, adding some relations identified on the basis of the Communicative Theory of Terminology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basic colour terms are studied from four approaches: linguistic relativism (Gleason & McNeill), linguistic universalism (Berlin & Kay), the neurophysiological model (Kay & McDaniel) and cognitivism (Wierzbicka). Terms of colour share a common chromatic feature. According to Coseriu, they form a two-dimensional lexical area, non-sequential, which would be interpreted as a multidimensional lexical area, hierarchical, non-sequential, from the approach of Wierzbicka. The paper discusses the consequence for language if the hypothesis is correct that, from a physiological point of view, there is a hierarchy in the colour field focused on the RGB model, where the chromatic occupies a nuclear place and the achromatic a peripheral one. Although the paper includes colour terms from several languages, special attention is paid to Spanish and Chinese. The following aspects are in focus: 1) Reference and denotative meaning - their symbolic value; 2) Reference and denotative meaning - their connotative sense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with linguistic synaesthesia, that is, a combination of words inside a phrase that conveys a semantic transposition between different domains of human perception. The effect is particularly pronounced in combinations of sensorial adjectives with nouns that do not belong to the same perceptive domain, as in color chillón 'shrill (= shrilling/crying-out) colours'. The paper aims to delimit the concept of synaesthesia in lexical semantics and to differentiate it from other types of polysemy such as metaphor. Moreover, the paper suggests an explanation for the transposition process and the observable combinatory patterns. It further points out the most efficient paradigm for this explanatory model. The starting point is componential semantics, but features belonging to the semantics of speech as well as to pragmatic and cognitive linguistic theories are also taken into account and examined for their explanatory capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper emphasizes the importance of composition over quantity in child language corpora. The 'representativeness' guaranteed in corpora of spoken language usually concerns only the quantitative aspects of the data, the qualitative properties associated to the nature of those corpora being not always well defined. Particularly, they are barely considered in language development corpora. The present, theoretical-methodological contribution explains the need of attributing relevance to child language samples, by using qualitative criteria related to the peculiar characteristics of the language- in-process. Child language is not documented enough, so rather than "reference corpora", guaranteed to be quantitatively representative, child language corpora are valuable due to the meaning of the samples and their peculiar properties. More concretely, three aspects are argued to be of relevance in the data of a language acquisition corpus: (a) evolutionary records of longitudinal data; (b) variables of idiomatic context and usual environment, responsible of the input; and (c) dense sampling, or with a diversity of individuals, that can reveal relevant patterns and not only the most frequent ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the maintenance and elision of the intervocalic /d/ phoneme in the Spanish spoken in the city of Seville. For this purpose, the study is based on PRESEEA materials from the high sociolect of Seville's citizens, which is made of semi-structured surveys recollected between 2009 and 2015. The aim of this paper is to analyze what linguistic and extralinguistic (social and stylistic) factors influence the phonological variation of the dental. The results have been obtained from the application of statistic correlations and regression analyses in order to study the influence of independient linguistic variables in the conservation or elision of intervocalic sound. Our research is completed with the description of the individual uses of the speakers in the general phonetic context and the -ado phonetic context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to study the historical contact between Aragonese and Catalan lexicon, in the context of the Romance languages, taking into account the historical influence exerted by the Aragonese on the Valencian language, which is also influenced by other Eastern peninsular dialects. We have used a method based on Geolinguistics and documentation, in order to analyze some words from popular authors from Valencia and Aragon of the XVIIIth, XIXth and XXth centuries. This way, our study provides new data and new interpretations on the study of the linguistic contact between the peninsular languages. Also the study provides Valencian words not included in the dictionaries (coscarrana, a tassament), first documentations (acabacases, bolxaca, cara-sol, cútio, estrela, a la gatamau, monyica) and words used in Aragón not included in the DECH (acabacasas, bolchaco, botinchado, a gatomiau, tasamente), or included in the DECH but not in Aragón (botinchado, carasol). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to highlight that both neology and terminology are linguistic disciplines that permit, using both general and specialized words, an analysis of the cultural, scientific, economic, political and ideological evolution of a given society throughout its history. For this purpose, it is crucial to distinguish the speaker's perspective from that of the hearer, especially when tackling the pragmatic and discursive implications of terminological neologisms. Both neology and terminology need to be investigated in an interdisciplinary way as new topics of lexical semantics. The goal is to formally, semantically and functionally describe the lexical units that take new functions and meanings according to the context. These lexical units are thereby subject to variation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a long tradition of semantic studies regarding the concept of lexical meaning that reflects the importance of sociocultural factors for its description. Some examples are the study of synonymy, some remarks in dictionaries and the typology of linguistic variation. This paper investigates lexical variants from a sociolinguistic point of view in socially stratified samples. The statistical analysis of the data obtained up to now confirms the relevance of sociolinguistic variables such as the degree of (in) formality, the hearer, the topic of the conversation, the situation where communication takes place, and options offered by the lexicon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores from a cognitive linguistic perspective the continuity between lexical and semigrammaticalized uses of the lexeme caudal in the noun phrase of the type [Det. caudalN1 de N2] in written peninsular Spanish. This structure yields various constructional schemas, going from [[Det. + N1] ([de + N2])] with N1 as nucleus, and more or less lexicalized [Det. N1 de N2] collocations, to [[Det. N1 de] N2] with N2 as nucleus. The meaning of the nominal caudal, linked to the fluvial scenery, presents various quantitative, spatial, tempo-aspectual and qualitative components that predispose it to metaphorical projection from the hydric domain to other domains. In the binominal quantifying construction [[un caudal de] N2] caudal keeps some nominal distributional properties, and certain facets of its lexical meaning persist as well. While the degree of schematization or semantic bleaching varies in function of N2 and of the wider context, caudal does not only quantify N2, it at the same time endows it with an aspectual-appreciatory dimension essentially conceived of in terms of fluidity, continuity and accumulation, i.e., situating N2 in an evolutionary perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this research is to show the application of Cognitive Semantics to the description of nominal compounding in American Spanish. Compounding is a productive morphologic process used to create words with a transparent meaning (apoyacabeza 'head restraint', destapabotellas 'bottle opener' etc.). However, many compounds also have an important level of idiomaticity (ahogabecerro 'tree', bienmesabe 'candy' etc.). The paper shows that Cognitive Semantics can explain the semantic opacity of these idiomatic compounds on the basis of metaphoric and metonymic processes. The data are extracted from the Diccionario de americanismos published by the Real Academia Española. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper's intention is a programmatic one. After presenting several definitions for the terms semantics of speech and structuralism, the topic is discussed with regard to Coseriu's theoretical framework. After confirming that there is not a methodological assignment within the universal level, I establish the hypothesis that it is due to the impossibility of structuralism for consistently carrying it out. For this purpose, I expound some arguments from Ricoeur, criticizing however that he did not take into account the efforts of structuralism to overcome these limitations. Briefly developing several methodological changes to structuralism, I critically comment on some of Coseriu's remarks on cognitive semantics. This allows a better understanding of the relation between the semantics of language and the semantics of speech. Finally, I propose several ways to methodologically develop the semantics of speech. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of research on the influence of three types of vocabulary learning activities in L2, taking into account four variables related to the learner, which are: the years they have studied the L2; their motivation; their learning context; and their proficiency in any other L2. 150 B1 level students of Spanish, divided into three groups, practised with a different task: writing sentences with a stimulus word; working with samples that include a semantic equivalent; or choosing the appropriate definition. The analysis of results indicates that learners (1) who have studied the L2 for up to six years, (2) those with integrative motivation, (3) those who have studied the L2 only in their own country, and (4) those who do not speak any other L2 manage to recall significantly more words when they practise writing sentences than when choosing definitions. In the subgroups with the above-mentioned characteristics, the activity that requires most mental effort -writing- is also the most effective way of adding new words to the mental lexicon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the following paper we propose to clarify, from a terminological point of view, certain aspects of the limits established within the set of investigations and studies included in what we call text and discourse linguistics, that is, text linguistics, discourse analysis, conversation analysis, etc. For this purpose, we have confronted several of the most important contributions to text theory, mainly during the 1970's and 1980's, provided that this is the period in which foundations are laid for text and discourse theories, and also the 1990's, with definitions found in various dictionaries of linguistic terminology, specially those pertaining to its object of study, i. e. text or discourse. Said definitions have been established following the developments in these fields of research. Close observation and analysis of such definitions reveal the evident difficulties encountered by researchers when applying these concepts and using this specialised terminology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]