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Oral health professionals and caregivers alike agree that children with disabilities, whether acquired or developmental, have the right to receive proper rehabilitation, in order to obtain their maximal functioning potential and lead a normal life. Aim of the study This paper aims to review the main challenges faced by paediatric dentists in the management of children with various intellectual disabilities, and formulate a set of recommendations and guidelines designed to enhance disabled patients’ trust in dental therapists, while enabling the latter to successfully carry out specific oral health procedures on this group of vulnerable individuals. Material and methods A review of available literature was performed, searching MedLine and PubMed databases for terms like: children, intellectual disability, prevention, dental treatment. Results Difficulties that arise in the context of dental management of a disability may be overpassed with a few techniques and methods available for the general dentist and the paediatric dentist alike. Conclusions Educating the paediatric dentist regarding the most common oral manifestations of intellectual disabilities is important, and guidelines are necessary in order to properly manage the dental treatment of this population group.

This article explores the impact of mouth breathing on the development of the dento-maxilo-facial complex in children and adolescents. It discusses the effects of mouth breathing on occlusion and muscle development, emphasizing the importance of early identification and intervention. The article highlights the association between mouth breathing and malocclusions, as well as other morphological alterations in the maxillofacial complex. It also discusses the increased risk of dental caries and the importance of early diagnosis and intervention by dental professionals. The document is a list of references related to the topic, providing a comprehensive overview of the factors and consequences associated with mouth breathing in children. [Extracted from the article]