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This manuscript introduces a groundbreaking study on the development and application of magnetically recoverable catalysts for the efficient multicomponent synthesis of organosulfur compounds. Capitalizing on the unique advantages of magnetic recovery, these catalysts streamline the synthesis process, offering an innovative solution that marries efficiency with environmental sustainability. By facilitating the multicomponent reaction of key precursors in the presence of sulfur sources, the catalysts enable the straightforward synthesis of various valuable organosulfur compounds, crucial in numerous pharmaceutical, agricultural, and material science applications. Key findings demonstrate a significant enhancement in reaction yields and selectivity and the remarkable ease with which the catalysts can be recovered and reused, thereby reducing both waste and operational costs. Magnetic catalysts, often based on magnetic iron nanoparticles, facilitate rapid and efficient reactions under mild conditions, offering superior atom economy, reduced solvent use, and the potential for scalable processes. Additionally, magnetically separating the catalysts from the reaction mixture enables multiple recycling cycles, reducing waste and operational costs. The review also discusses the mechanistic insights, challenges, and recent advancements in this field alongside future directions for developing more robust and versatile magnetic catalytic systems. This research embodies a significant step forward in the field of catalysis, highlighting the potential of magnetically recoverable catalysts to revolutionize the synthesis of complex molecules. Future perspectives discussed in the manuscript focus on expanding the scope of these catalysts to broader applications, optimizing catalyst design for enhanced performance, and further aligning chemical synthesis processes with the principles of green chemistry. This review covers the literature from 2010 to the end of 2024, and it encompasses the different one-pot protocols for synthesizing various heterocyclic organosulfur compounds based on magnetically recoverable catalysts., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Nowadays, developing pesticide-free agriculture is highly demanded by society. The development of electrochemical sensors to monitor and control pesticides is an effective step toward this desired goal. The current research has faced this issue by modifying of glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) with green g-C 3 N 4 @LiCoO 2 nanocomposites to probe malathion, an organophosphate pesticide. The g-C 3 N 4 @LiCoO 2 modified GCE showed higher current than the net GCE, as a result of improved electrocatalytic performance of the modified GCE to oxidize malathion. Increased malathion concentration enhanced the malathion oxidation anodic peak current at +410 mV caused by the g-C 3 N 4 @LiCoO 2 modified GCE. The developed probe showed an excellent linear response for malathion detection in the 5-120 nM ( R 2 = 0.994) range and recorded a limit of detection of 4.38 nM. Besides, the modified GCE reveals considerable stability and reproducibility, which offers a cost-effective, sensitive, and selective electrode for malathion probing., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Improving the crystallinity of formamidinium triiodide (FAPbI 3 ) perovskite layer is one of the most effective approaches to increase the photovoltaic performance and stability of FAPbI 3 -based solar cells (FSCs). In the current study, FAPbI 3 layers were fabricated through a sequential deposition method. The morphology and crystalline properties of the FAPbI 3 layers were modified by controlling the lead iodide (PbI 2 ) precursor by adding pyrrolidinium (Pyr) material into the PbI 2 layer and modulating the FAPbI 3 crystallization. The Pyr contributed to obtain (001)-preferred FAPbI 3 orientation with no yellow photo-inactive phase. Subsequently, it reduced the unreacted PbI 2 phase in the perovskite layer and suppressed the defect density, resulting in extended carrier lifetimes and improved ambient air and illumination stabilities. The Pyr-mediated FSCs recorded a champion efficiency of 21.72%, which is higher than that of control FSCs with a maximum efficiency of 19.08%. The developed Pyr-mediated method offers a practical and effective approach to fabricate stable and efficient FSCs., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Carbon-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a hopeful alternative in the realm of photovoltaics. They are considered promising due to their affordability, remarkable durability in humid environments, and impressive electrical conductivity. One approach to address the cost issue is to use affordable counter electrodes in PSCs that do not require organic hole transport materials (HTMs). This study utilized an innovative and economical method to create NiO x /PANI nanocomposites. Later, these nanoparticles were integrated into a carbon paste to act as an HTM. This incorporation is intended to optimize charge extraction, improve interfacial contact, align energy levels, reduce energy loss, minimize charge recombination, and protect the perovskite (FAPbI 3 ) surface from degradation. The optoelectronic properties of these devices were investigated, and all cells showed improved efficiency compared to control cells. The NiO x /PANI doped carbon (NiO x /PANI+CE) exhibited excellent performance due to strong hole conductivity, well-aligned energy levels, and the formation of stepwise band alignment at the perovskite interface., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI 3 ) is the most promising perovskite material for producing efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, we develop a facile method to obtain an α-phase FAPbI 3 layer with passivated grain boundaries and weakened non-radiative recombination. For this aim, during the FAPbI 3 fabrication process, cetrimonium bromide + 5% potassium thiocyanate (CTABr + 5% KSCN) vapor post-treatment is introduced to remove non-perovskite phases in the FAPbI 3 layer. Incorporation of CTA + along with SCN - ions induces FAPbI 3 crystallization and stitch grain boundaries, resulting in PSCs with lower defect losses. The vapor-assisted deposition increases the carriers' lifetime in the FAPbI 3 and facilitates charge transport at the interfacial perovskite/hole transport layer via a band alignment phenomenon. The treated α-FAPbI 3 layers bring an excellent PCE of 22.34%, higher than the 19.48% PCE recorded for control PSCs. Besides, the well-oriented FAPbI 3 and its higher hydrophobic behavior originating from CTABr materials lead to improved stability in the treated PSCs., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)