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The platinum-palladium/Nafion metal—polymer nanocomposites were synthesized by chemical reduction of metal ions in water—organic reverse microemulsion solutions. The catalytic activity of the synthesized polymer composites with bimetallic Pt—Pd nanoparticles was estimated in the oxidation of hydrogen and formic acid.

The surfaces of the alloy based on Zr2Ni doped by silicon (3 at.%) in the amorphous and crystalline states and of the Zr and Ni foils were electrochemically modified for the first time. The modification was carried out in the ionic liquid in the galvanostatic regime. The much more uniform distribution of the nanosized fragments can be obtained and stability of their geometric shapes can be retained in the absence of intergrain boundaries and texture in the amorphous materials.

Self-assembly of monostyryl dye of benzothiazole series with symmetric and asymmetric bisstyryl dyes based on dibenzo-18-crown-6 ether has been studied by optical and NMR spectroscopies. The photoinduced energy transfer between monoand bisstyryl dyes in supramolecular assembly has been analyzed. The cascade energy transfer in the supramolecular complex of monostyryl dye with asymmetric bisstyryl dye has been suggested.

Palladium was combined with porous silicon into catalytically active functional electrode nanocomposites. Palladium nanoparticles were examined by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy; their catalytic activity was estimated using cyclic voltammetry.

The intravital level of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was measured for the first time and the imbalance of the key excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the brain frontal lobes of patients with ultra-high risk for schizophrenia was studied. The proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) with the MEGA-PRESS pulse sequence for separating the superimposed signals was used. The area of interest was the anterior cingulate cortex with account for lateralization in the right and left brain hemispheres. A statistically significant decrease in the GABA concentration (by 25%) and in the [GABA]/[GLX] ratio (GLX is glutamate + glutamine) (by 20%) were found for the patients in the left brain hemisphere, this ratio in the right brain hemisphere remaining at the normal level.

A method for the formation of catalytically active functional electrode nanocomposites with bimetallic platinum—palladium nanoparticles supported on a polymer matrix is described. The phase composition of nanocomposites was examined by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry were also applied in the study.

Palladium nanoparticles—perfluoropolymer Nafion® nanocomposites which demonstrated the high catalytic activity in the hydrogen electrooxidation and oxygen electroreduction reactions were obtained by the radiochemical reduction method with different irradiation dose. A decrease in the size of palladium nanoparticles was found to increase the catalytic activity.

The Pd-catalyzed reaction between 3-acetylamino-2-bromo-1,4-naphthoquinones and CuI acetylides prepared in situ gave 3-acetylamino-2-alkynyl-1,4-naphthoquinones, which were transformed into benz[f]indole-4,9-dione and benzo[g]quinoline-5,10-dione derivatives.

Addition of HCl to 2-amino-3-(4-methyl-3-oxopentynyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone in CHCl3 at 20 °C is followed by its cyclization to 4-chloro-2-isopropylbenzo[g]quinoline-5,10-dione. Chlorine atom in this compound can be easily replaced by dialkylamino group upon treatment with secondary amines. 4-Dialkylamino-2-isopropylbenzo[g]quinoline-5,10-dione is also formed by the direct reaction of the starting ketone with secondary amines. Syntheses of 2-amino-3-(4-methyl-3-oxopentynyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone from 2-bromo-and 2-amino-3-iodo-1,4-naphthoquinones are also described.

The densities of aqueous solutions of bisurea (2,4,6,8-tetraazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-3,7-dione) were measured using a vibrating-tube densimeter at 288.15, 298.15, 308.15, and 318.15 K in the concentration range up to ∼3·10−3 moles of solute (1000 g of H2O)−1 with the error at most ±5· 10−6 g cm−3 (reproducibility up to 2·10−6 g cm−3). The limiting partial molar volume and expansibility of bisurea in water were calculated. The bicyclic molecules under study form in aqueous solution H-bonded hydrate complexes with rather high structure-packing density. These complexes are more subjected to the destroying effect of temperature than the corresponding urea complexes. The hydration of bisurea weakens with the temperature increase.

Standard thermodynamic characteristics of dissociation (dimerization) of sulfo- and carboxysubstituted metal phthalocyanines were determined for the first time by calorimetric titration. The influence of the nature, number, and position of peripheral substituents of the macrocycle, the electronic structure of the central metal ion, and the ionic strength of solution on the thermodynamic stability of the phthalocyanine dimers was estimated.

A synthetic route combining the preparation of functional and nonfunctional carbosilane dendrimers has been developed. Using this route, two representative homologous series of carbosilane dendrimers have been prepared. The use of nonfunctional dendrimer derivatives ensures the possibility of performing long-term experiments both in solution and in the bulk. The intrinsic viscosity and the density of the specimens studied do not depend on the generation number. The obtained dendrimers of later generations were studied by atomic force microscopy and light scattering.

Densities of Bun 4NBr solutions in MeOH, MeOD, and CD3OH were measured at salt concentrations of up to 1.5 solvomolality units (nearly 2.63·10–2 mole fraction) at 278.15, 288.15, 298.15, 308.15, and 318.15 K. The limiting partial molar volumes of Bun 4NBr dissolved in these alcohols were calculated. The isotope effects in the volume characteristics of the stoichiometric mixture of ions, [Bun 4N+ + Br–], are mainly due to the “vibrational” changes in the solvent structure upon deuteration of different molecular fragments. Structural transformations in infinitely dilute solution of Bun 4NBr in methanol are governed by non-specific solvation of the symmetrical Bun 4N+ cation.

Thermodynamics of the formation of molecular complexes of synthetic and natural zinc(ii) porphyrins with n-propylamine and glycine methyl ester in benzene was investigated. Study of the π—π complexes of zinc(ii) porphyrins with benzene demonstrated that thermodynamic stability of the axial complexes depends on both the structure of the porphyrin macrocycle and the ability of the corresponding metalloporphyrins to form energetically stable π—π complexes with aromatic molecules.

The densities of H2O, D2O, and MeOH solutions in acetonitrile with the solute concentrations up to 0.07 molar fractions at 278.15, 288.15, 298.15, 308.15, and 318.15 K were measured using vibrating-tube densimetry with an error ≤8·10–6 g cm–3. The limiting partial molar volumes for the H/D isotopomers of water and IaII in acetonitrile (V– 2 ∞) and the isotope effects in V– 2 ∞ and in excess molar volumes of acetonitrile—water mixtures were calculated. Molecules of H2O, D2O, and IaII form associates with acetonitrile molecules via hydrogen bonds. The associates have the packing volumes close to those in the individual solute. The water and methanol molecules were assumed to be incorporated into the acetonitrile structure without substantial changes in the latter. However, this process results in some compression of the system with a simultaneous increase in its expansibility.

The solubility of gaseous krypton in CO(NH2)2—CH3OH (CD3OH) and CO(ND2)2—CH3OD solutions with carbamide concentrations of up to 1.5 solvomolality units (∼0.026 mole fractions) was measured at 278, 288, 298, 308, and 318 K and at a partial gas pressure of 101325 Pa. The thermodynamic functions of dissolution (solvation) of krypton and the standard Setchenov coefficients were calculated. The solvation of Kr molecules increases upon deuterium substitution and with an increase in the temperature and carbamide concentration. In these solutions, specific contacts between the carbamide and methanol molecules play the predominant role.