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The data on the first finds in the Udmurt Republic (and the East of European Russia as a whole) of a dangerous invasive species of bark beetle of the Far Eastern origin, Polygraphus proximus Blandford, 1894, are presented. The species was discovered in 2019 simultaneously in four districts (Zavyalovsky, Malopurginsky, Kiyasovsky, and Sarapulsky) of the central and southern parts of the republic. The established areas damaged by the Polygraphus proximus of forest stands are located both near railway tracks and highways and in the depths of natural forests in which Siberian fir grows (Abies sibirica Ledeb.), which indicates a long-term hidden invasion of the pest and its adaptation in Udmurtia. A further outbreak of the pest can lead to catastrophic consequences for forests with the participation of fir in the region. In addition, in the stands damaged by the Polygraphus proximus, an increase in the number of local species of longhorn beetles, associated with fir, is possible. In connection with the extreme potential harmfulness of this invader, it is necessary to carry out sanitary and restoration activities in order to localize and eliminate the identified outbreak foci of the pest, as well as to clarify the forest areas occupied by Polygraphus proximus on the territory of the Udmurt Republic and adjacent regions, with introduction of quarantine and monitoring measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of the number of generations on the dynamics of lime leaf miner Phyllonorycter issikii (Kumata, 1963) was investigated for the first time on four sample plots in the city of Izhevsk (Udmurtia) within the period from 2001 to 2020. The existence of the second generation of the miner depends on the climatic features of the season. The second generation of the miner was observed under the condition that the first generation of the species managed to complete its development in the last ten days of June. If this happened in July, there was no second generation. The variability of phenology influences the dynamics of the invasive species. The density of miner population in limes grew in the current year if in the previous season there was only one generation of the miner. The figure fell if in the previous season there were two generations. The reduction of Ph. issikii density per year with two generations could have occurred owing to a decrease in life span and the actual fecundity of females, as well as the survival rate of the second generation of the miner. This led to a significant reduction in the number of wintering moths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of the study of the occurrence frequency of invasive plants species in three cities of the Udmurt Republic (Votkinsk, Mojga, and Kambarka) are discussed. A scale of the presence of invasive species is developed. In accordance with this scale, three groups of species are identified. The lists of invasive plant species in three urban areas are compared. Similarities between the identified groups are noted: 78% of the species are common in all three urban floras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]