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Objective. Sixteen patients who were operated on with a preoperative diagnosis of renal tumor were diagnosed with renal oncocytoma between 1991 and 2004. The reliability of preoperative diagnosis, the role of screening CT in organ preservation and the need for follow-up for renal oncocytomas are discussed in the light of literature findings. Material and methods. Among 345 patients diagnosed with renal tumors in the previous 13 years, the clinical and radiological features of the 16 patients with renal oncocytomas and the results during the postoperative follow-up period were evaluated in this retrospective study. The female:male ratio was 4.3. Two of the patients complained of hematuria whereas the other 14 experienced lumbocostal pain. The mean dimensions of the tumors on CT scans were 5.7±2.88 cm. Central fibrous scarring existed in three patients. Two patients underwent tumor enucleation, three underwent partial nephrectomy and 11 underwent radical nephrectomy. Results. Screening CT could not achieve a precise preoperative differential diagnosis from malignant renal mass. The organ preservation ratio was approximately 1:3 based on the radiological diagnosis. Screening CT scans showed oncocytomas with diameters greater than those reported in the literature, indicating a need for urgent nephrectomy. No recurrences, metastases or deaths due to renal oncocytoma were observed in the postoperative follow-up period (mean 6.7±4 years; range 1–13 years). Conclusions. Preoperative diagnosis of renal oncocytoma is very difficult. The postoperative follow-up period in our series was 13 years, which is significantly longer than the duration proposed in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Testicular microlithiasis is a rare, usually asymptomatic, finding of the testes associated with various genetic anomalies and infertility. It is also widely believed that testicular microlithiasis is strongly associated with testicular tumor. The aim of this prospective study was to determine the true prevalence of testicular microlithiasis in an asymptomatic population by means of ultrasound screening. Healthy male volunteers (17–42 years old) were recruited from the annual Army Reserve Officer Training Corps training camp at Manisa, Turkey. A screening genitourinary history was obtained and a physical examination and screening scrotal ultrasound scan were performed. All men diagnosed with testicular microlithiasis underwent complete clinical evaluations, physical examinations and determination of tumor markers. Fifty-three men with testicular microlithiasis were identified from the 2179 ultrasound scans, giving a prevalence of testicular microlithiasis of 2.4% in this asymptomatic population. The age (mean±SD) of subjects with testicular microlithiasis was 23.9±4.2 years (range 20–31 years). Our results suggest that there is no significant association between TM and testicular cancer, although it is difficult to rule out such an association without further studies with a longer follow-up period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]