1. SARS-CoV-2 productively infects human gut enterocytes
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Miranda de Graaf, Hans Duimel, Joep Beumer, Peter J. Peters, Bart L. Haagmans, Willine J. van de Wetering, Tim I Breugem, Jelte van der Vaart, Elly van Donselaar, J. Paul van Schayck, Samra Riesebosch, Debby Schipper, Hans Clevers, Kèvin Knoops, Anna Z Mykytyn, Edwin Cuppen, Mart M. Lamers, Helma J.H. Kuijpers, Raimond B. G. Ravelli, Marion Koopmans, Jens Puschhof, Virology, Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research, Microscopy CORE Lab, Institute of Nanoscopy (IoN), and RS: M4I - Nanoscopy
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0301 basic medicine ,RNA, Messenger/genetics ,Male ,SARS Virus/physiology ,viruses ,Cell Culture Techniques ,ACE2 ,Gene Expression ,CORONAVIRUS ,Disease ,ENTEROIDS ,medicine.disease_cause ,Virus Replication ,Lung/virology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Receptors ,NETWORK ,Respiratory system ,Receptor ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Lung ,Research Articles ,Coronavirus ,Virus/genetics ,0303 health sciences ,Multidisciplinary ,Transmission (medicine) ,virus diseases ,Cell Differentiation ,Microbio ,Intestinal epithelium ,3. Good health ,Organoids ,Titer ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 ,Receptors, Virus ,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ,Coronavirus Infections ,Research Article ,EXPRESSION ,Virus genetics ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Receptors, Virus/genetics ,Ileum ,Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/genetics ,Respiratory Mucosa ,Biology ,Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ,03 medical and health sciences ,Betacoronavirus ,Ileum/metabolism ,medicine ,Humans ,Cell Lineage ,RNA, Messenger ,Pandemics ,Enterocytes/metabolism ,030304 developmental biology ,Cell Proliferation ,Betacoronavirus/physiology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,R-Articles ,fungi ,RNA ,COVID-19 ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,respiratory tract diseases ,Culture Media ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,body regions ,030104 developmental biology ,Respiratory Mucosa/virology ,Enterocytes ,Viral replication ,Cell culture ,REPLICATION ,Messenger/genetics ,Cell Biol - Abstract
Intestinal organoids as an infection model Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes an influenza-like disease with a respiratory transmission route; however, patients often present with gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Moreover, the virus has been detected in anal swabs, and cells in the inner-gut lining express the receptor that SARS-CoV-2 uses to gain entry to cells. Lamers et al. used human intestinal organoids, a “mini-gut” cultured in a dish, to demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 readily replicates in an abundant cell type in the gut lining—the enterocyte—resulting in the production of large amounts of infective virus particles in the intestine. This work demonstrates that intestinal organoids can serve as a model to understand SARS-CoV-2 biology and infectivity in the gut. Science , this issue p. 50
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