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Reliable identification of realistic biomass at regional level is particularly important in creating a real energy strategy. It must stand for the region in particular in the long-term aspect of its sustainable development. The aim of the paper is to identify and quantify environmental impacts, especially microclimatic impacts, on the possibility of establishing and growing economically and energy-efficient plantations of fast-growing energy plants in Slovakia regions. The NUTS III methodology was used to locate the climatic conditions of the Slovakia regions. Climatic factors in Slovakia regions were expressed as average monthly air temperatures and average monthly precipitation for the vegetation period from April to October. The climatic parameters of the model plantation in the Nitra region were defined on the basis of measurements of the Physicus Meteostation, located in the field conditions of Kolíòany village. Regions in the southern and south-eastern regions of Slovakia (Bratislava, Trnava, Nitra, Košice) are the most climatic friendly for the growing Mustanthus and Populus. The Northern regions (Žilina and Prešov) are less suitable for climatic reasons - the shorter length of vegetation period required for the economically efficient production of above-ground biomass. In the Nitra region, productivity in real climatic conditions is 33.66 t.ha-1 (Miscanthus) and 135.14 t.ha-1 (Populus). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]