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3 results on '"Mohsen Kayal"'

1. Coral reef structural complexity loss exposes coastlines to waves

Author

Jérémy Carlot, Michalis Vousdoukas, Alessio Rovere, Theofanis Karambas, Hunter S. Lenihan, Mohsen Kayal, Mehdi Adjeroud, Gonzalo Pérez-Rosales, Laetitia Hedouin, and Valeriano Parravicini

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Coral reefs offer natural coastal protection by attenuating incoming waves. Here we combine unique coral disturbance-recovery observations with hydrodynamic models to quantify how structural complexity dissipates incoming wave energy. We find that if the structural complexity of healthy coral reefs conditions is halved, extreme wave run-up heights that occur once in a 100-years will become 50 times more frequent, threatening reef-backed coastal communities with increased waves, erosion, and flooding.

Published
2023
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2. Exposure, vulnerability, and resiliency of French Polynesian coral reefs to environmental disturbances

Author

Serge Planes, Julie Vercelloni, Yannick Chancerelle, Mohsen Kayal, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biocomplexité des écosystèmes coralliens de l'Indo-Pacifique (CoReUS2), Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université des Antilles (UA), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Coral, media_common.quotation_subject, COTS, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Population Dynamics, french polynesia, Vulnerability, lcsh:Medicine, Polynesia, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, bleaching event, Animals, ecosystem resilience, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, lcsh:Science, Reef, media_common, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, geography, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, Geography, Ecology, lcsh:R, Coral reef, Environmental exposure, Environmental Exposure, Models, Theoretical, Anthozoa, 030104 developmental biology, Disturbance (ecology), [SDE]Environmental Sciences, lcsh:Q, Psychological resilience, coral reefs, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, coral recovery
Abstract

Preserving coral reef resilience is a major challenge in the Anthropocene, yet recent studies demonstrate failures of reef recovery from disturbance, globally. The wide and vigorous outer-reef system of French Polynesia presents a rare opportunity to assess ecosystem resilience to disturbances at a large-scale equivalent to the size of Europe. In this purpose, we analysed long-term data on coral community dynamics and combine the mixed-effects regression framework with a set of functional response models to evaluate coral recovery trajectories. Analyses of 14 years data across 17 reefs allowed estimating impacts of a cyclone, bleaching event and crown-of-thorns starfish outbreak, which generated divergence and asynchrony in coral community trajectory. We evaluated reef resilience by quantifying levels of exposure, degrees of vulnerability, and descriptors of recovery of coral communities in the face of disturbances. Our results show an outstanding rate of coral recovery, with a systematic return to the pre-disturbance state within only 5 to 10 years. Differences in the impacts of disturbances among reefs and in the levels of vulnerability of coral taxa to these events resulted in diverse recovery patterns. The consistent recovery of coral communities, and convergence toward pre-disturbance community structures, reveals that the processes that regulate ecosystem recovery still prevail in French Polynesia.

Published
2019
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3. Coral reef structural complexity loss exposes coastlines to waves

Author

Jérémy Carlot, Michalis Vousdoukas, Alessio Rovere, Theofanis Karambas, Hunter S. Lenihan, Mohsen Kayal, Mehdi Adjeroud, Gonzalo Pérez-Rosales, Laetitia Hedouin, Valeriano Parravicini, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre de Synthèse et d’Analyse sur la Biodiversité (CESAB), Fondation pour la recherche sur la Biodiversité (FRB), University of the Aegean, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California [Santa Barbara] (UC Santa Barbara), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Ecologie marine tropicale dans les Océans Pacifique et Indien (ENTROPIE [Réunion]), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Settore BIO/07 - Ecologia, extreme events, climate change, Multidisciplinary, coastal protection, structural complexity, Settore GEO/04 - Geografia Fisica e Geomorfologia, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, coral reefs, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography
Abstract

Coral reefs offer natural coastal protection by attenuating incoming waves. Here we combine unique coral disturbance-recovery observations with hydrodynamic models to quantify how structural complexity dissipates incoming wave energy. We find that if the structural complexity of healthy coral reefs conditions is halved, extreme wave run-up heights that occur once in a 100-years will become 50 times more frequent, threatening reef-backed coastal communities with increased waves, erosion, and flooding.

Full Text
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