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Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) technologies play an important role in the architecture of modern cyber protection tools. One of the main scenarios for the use of SIEM is the detection of attacks on protected information infrastructure. Consorting that ISO 27001, NIST SP 800-61, and NIST SP 800-83 standards objectively do not keep up with the evolution of cyber threats, research aimed at forecasting the development of cyber epidemics is relevant. The article proposes a stochastic concept of describing variable small data on the Shannon entropy basis. The core of the concept is the description of small data by linear differential equations with stochastic characteristic parameters. The practical value of the proposed concept is embodied in the method of forecasting the development of a cyber epidemic at an early stage (in conditions of a lack of empirical information). In the context of the research object, the stochastic characteristic parameters of the model are the generation rate, the death rate, and the independent coefficient of variability of the measurement of the initial parameter of the research object. Analytical expressions for estimating the probability distribution densities of these characteristic parameters are proposed. It is assumed that these stochastic parameters of the model are imposed on the intervals, which allows for manipulation of the nature and type of the corresponding functions of the probability distribution densities. The task of finding optimal functions of the probability distribution densities of the characteristic parameters of the model with maximum entropy is formulated. The proposed method allows for generating sets of trajectories of values of characteristic parameters with optimal functions of the probability distribution densities. The example demonstrates both the flexibility and reliability of the proposed concept and method in comparison with the concepts of forecasting numerical series implemented in the base of Matlab functions., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

We demonstrate a proprietary lab-on-chip/μ TAS technology platform for a regulatory grade portable instrument for complete blood count (CBC) hematology tests including 3 part differential WBCs, RBCs, platelet and hemoglobin for rapid diagnostics at the point of care in resource-poor settings. Presently, diagnostics based on blood tests are confined to centralized laboratory settings, dependent on large footprint and expensive cytometers or on a microscope, requiring trained laboratory technicians. Consequently, such facilities are not present in rural and semi-urban settings, where there are opportunities and challenges in delivering efficient healthcare infrastructure at an affordable cost in resource-challenged environments. Our proposed design leverages advances in microfluidics and lab-on-chip fabrication techniques to miniaturize the conventional cytometer and bring down the cost significantly. The device can be operated autonomously, without skilled manpower, by primary healthcare professionals in the field and by patients (like glucose self-test devices). The instrument consists of a single-use chip, the size of a credit card, pre-loaded with reagents, in which the sample is loaded, and which is fluidically insulated from the environment. The controller, the size of a toaster, performs the necessary fluid handling and the impedance measurements to deliver the results in minutes.

This is the first study to assess the risk of co-endemic Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum transmission in the Peruvian Amazon using boosted regression tree (BRT) models based on social and environmental predictors derived from satellite imagery and data. Yearly cross-validated BRT models were created to discriminate high-risk (annual parasite index API > 10 cases/1000 people) and very-high-risk for malaria (API > 50 cases/1000 people) in 2766 georeferenced villages of Loreto department, between 2010-2017 as other parts in the article (graphs, tables, and texts). Predictors were cumulative annual rainfall, forest coverage, annual forest loss, annual mean land surface temperature, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference water index (NDWI), shortest distance to rivers, time to populated villages, and population density. BRT models built with predictor data of a given year efficiently discriminated the malaria risk for that year in villages (area under the ROC curve (AUC) > 0.80), and most models also effectively predicted malaria risk in the following year. Cumulative rainfall, population density and time to populated villages were consistently the top three predictors for both P. vivax and P. falciparum incidence. Maps created using the BRT models characterize the spatial distribution of the malaria incidence in Loreto and should contribute to malaria-related decision making in the area.

Vanadium oxide-molybdenum oxide (VO-MO) thin (21-475 nm) films were grown on quartz and silicon substrates by pulsed RF magnetron sputtering technique by altering the RF power from 100 to 600 W. Crystalline VO-MO thin films showed the mixed phases of vanadium oxides e.g., V 2 O 5 , V 2 O 3 and VO 2 along with MoO 3 . Reversible or smart transition was found to occur just above the room temperature i.e., at ~45-50 °C. The VO-MO films deposited on quartz showed a gradual decrease in transmittance with increase in film thickness. But, the VO-MO films on silicon exhibited reflectance that was significantly lower than that of the substrate. Further, the effect of low temperature (i.e., 100 °C) vacuum (10 -5 mbar) annealing on optical properties e.g., solar absorptance, transmittance and reflectance as well as the optical constants e.g., optical band gap, refractive index and extinction coefficient were studied. Sheet resistance, oxidation state and nanomechanical properties e.g., nanohardness and elastic modulus of the VO-MO thin films were also investigated in as-deposited condition as well as after the vacuum annealing treatment. Finally, the combination of the nanoindentation technique and the finite element modeling (FEM) was employed to investigate yield stress and von Mises stress distribution of the VO-MO thin films.

Signals of system functioning of different nature are presented in the parameter space (state-velocity-acceleration) as a trajectory of dynamic events. Such signals geometrization allows to reveal the hidden spatio-temporal correlation in dynamics of systems functioning. It is shown that the nature of relationship between the dynamic parameters of signal determines the natural cycle of sensor functioning. Its restructuring displays the inherited features of systems functioning in signature package. The universal differential-geometry parameters and new integrative indexes of system functioning are used to analyze the signatures of biological and physical signals.

Airline pilots and similar professions require reliable spatial cognition abilities, such as mental imagery of static and moving three-dimensional objects in space. A well-known task to investigate these skills is the Shepard and Metzler mental rotation task (SMT), which is also frequently used during pre-assessment of pilot candidates. Despite the intuitive relationship between real-life spatial cognition and SMT, several studies have challenged its predictive value. Here we report on a novel instrument interpretation task (IIT) based on a realistic attitude indicator used in modern aircrafts that was designed to bridge the gap between the abstract SMT and a cockpit environment. We investigated 18 professional airline pilots using fMRI. No significant correlation was found between SMT and IIT task accuracies. Contrasting both tasks revealed higher activation in the fusiform gyrus, angular gyrus, and medial precuneus for IIT, whereas SMT elicited significantly stronger activation in pre- and supplementary motor areas, as well as lateral precuneus and superior parietal lobe. Our results show that SMT skills per se are not sufficient to predict task accuracy during (close to) real-life instrument interpretation. While there is a substantial overlap of activation across the task conditions, we found that there are important differences between instrument interpretation and non-aviation based mental rotation.

We observed interfacial chemical sharpening due to uphill diffusion in post annealed ultrathin multilayer stack of Co and Pt, which leads to enhanced interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). This is surprising as these elements are considered as perfectly miscible. This chemical sharpening was confirmed through quantitative energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and intensity distribution of images taken on high angle annular dark field (HAADF) detector in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopic (STEM) mode. This observation demonstrates an evidence of miscibility gap in ultrathin coherent Co/Pt multilayer stacks.