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Your search keyword '"Shuhei Watanabe"' showing total 3 results
Start Over Author "Shuhei Watanabe" Journal scientific reports
3 results on '"Shuhei Watanabe"'

1. Xanthine oxidase inhibitors are associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease

Author

Hirotaka Saito, Kenichi Tanaka, Tsuyoshi Iwasaki, Akira Oda, Shuhei Watanabe, Makoto Kanno, Hiroshi Kimura, Michio Shimabukuro, Koichi Asahi, Tsuyoshi Watanabe, and Junichiro James Kazama

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract As previous studies have reported finding an association between hyperuricemia and the development of cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease, hyperuricemia is thought to be an independent risk factor for hypertension and diabetic mellitus. However, we have not been able to determine whether the use of xanthine oxidase inhibitors can reduce cardiovascular disease. The present study used the longitudinal data of the Fukushima Cohort Study to investigate the relationship between the use of xanthine oxidase inhibitors and cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular risks. During the 3-year period between 2012 and 2014, a total of 2724 subjects were enrolled in the study and followed. A total of 2501 subjects had hypertension, diabetic mellitus, dyslipidemia, or chronic kidney disease, and were identified as having cardiovascular risks. The effects of xanthine oxidase inhibitor use on the development of cardiovascular events was evaluated in these patients using a time to event analysis. During the observational periods (median 2.7 years), the incidence of cardiovascular events was 20.7 in subjects with xanthine oxidase inhibitor and 11.2 (/1000 person-years, respectively) in those without. Although a univariate Cox regression analysis showed that the risk of cardiovascular events was significantly higher in subjects administered xanthine oxidase inhibitors (HR = 1.87, 95% CI 1.19–2.94, p = 0.007), the risk was significantly lower in subjects administered a xanthine oxidase inhibitor after adjustment for covariates (HR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.26–0.91; p = 0.024) compared to those without. Xanthine oxidase inhibitor use was associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with cardiovascular risk factors.

Published
2021
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2. Influence of oxidative stress on vascular calcification in the setting of coexisting chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus

Author

Kentaro Watanabe, Keiji Kono, Shunsuke Goto, Hideki Fujii, Shuhei Watanabe, and Shinichi Nishi

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Male, Nephrology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, 030232 urology & nephrology, lcsh:Medicine, Context (language use), 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, urologic and male genital diseases, medicine.disease_cause, Article, Antioxidants, Streptozocin, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, medicine, Animals, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, lcsh:Science, Vascular Calcification, Kidney diseases, Osteoblasts, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, Insulin, lcsh:R, Cell Differentiation, medicine.disease, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Rats, Oxidative Stress, Endocrinology, chemistry, Apocynin, Disease Progression, lcsh:Q, business, Biomarkers, Oxidative stress, Kidney disease, Calcification
Abstract

Vascular calcification (VC) is a common complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Particularly, CKD patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) develop severe VC. Specific mechanisms of VC remain unclear; this study aimed to investigate them in the context of coexisting CKD and DM, mainly regarding oxidative stress. Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups as follows: control rats (Control), 5/6 nephrectomized rats (CKD), streptozotocin-injected rats (DM), 5/6 nephrectomized and streptozotocin-injected rats (CKD + DM), CKD + DM rats treated with insulin (CKD + DM + INS), and CKD + DM rats treated with antioxidant apocynin (CKD + DM + APO). At 18 weeks old, the rats were sacrificed for analysis. Compared to the control, DM and CKD groups, calcification of aortas significantly increased in the CKD + DM group. Oxidative stress and osteoblast differentiation-related markers considerably increased in the CKD + DM group compared with the other groups. Moreover, apocynin considerably reduced oxidative stress, osteoblast differentiation-related markers, and aortic calcification despite high blood glucose levels. Our data indicate that coexisting CKD and DM hasten VC primarily through an increase in oxidative stress; anti-oxidative therapy may prevent the VC progression.

Published
2020
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3. 3D multiscale-imaging of processing-induced defects formed during sintering of hierarchical powder packings

Author

Akihisa Takeuchi, Shuhei Watanabe, Satoshi Tanaka, Fumihiro Wakai, Norimasa Nishiyama, Gaku Okuma, Kan Shinobe, and Kentaro Uesugi

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Ceramics, Multidisciplinary, Structural material, Materials science, lcsh:R, Sintering, lcsh:Medicine, Imaging techniques, Microstructure, Displacement (vector), Article, Characterization (materials science), 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Brittleness, Flexural strength, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, lcsh:Q, Ceramic, Composite material, lcsh:Science, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

The characterization of the processing-induced defects is an essential step for developing defect-free processing, which is important to the assurance of structural reliability of brittle ceramics. The multiscale X-ray computed tomography, consisting of micro-CT as a wide-field and low-resolution system and nano-CT as a narrow-field and high-resolution system, is suitable for observing crack-like defects with small length and with very small crack opening displacement. Here we applied this powerful imaging tool in order to reveal the complicated three-dimensional morphology of defects evolved during sintering of alumina. The hierarchical packing structure of granules was the origin of several types of strength-limiting defects, which could not be eliminated due to the differential sintering of heterogeneous microstructures. This imaging technique of internal defects provides a link between the processing and the fracture strength for the development of structural materials.

Published
2019

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