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[37] Other mutations identified included FGFR2 SP N549K sp , FGFR2 SP V564F sp , FGFR2 SP E565A sp , FGFR2 SP K659M sp , FGFR2 SP L617V sp , and FGFR2 SP K641R sp . Of 146 patients, 107 patients had a CCA with FGFR2 fusions or rearrangements, 20 with other FGF/FGFR alterations, 18 with no FGF/ FGFR alterations, and 1 with an undetermined FGF/FGFR alteration. Keywords: cholangiocarcinoma; FGFR2; biliary cancers; pemigatinib; infigratinib; futibatinib EN cholangiocarcinoma FGFR2 biliary cancers pemigatinib infigratinib futibatinib 218 225 8 07/18/23 20230501 NES 230501 Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are a set of malignances that arise from the bile ducts or the gallbladder. [29] Evaluating just the patients treated with the RP2D 70 mg daily, from 17 patients, the ORR was 88.2% (63.6-98.5), with all patients reaching some tumor reduction in scans. [Extracted from the article]

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive biliary tract malignancy with limited treatment options and low survival rates. Currently, there are no curative medical therapies for CCA. Recent advances have enhanced our understanding of the genetic basis of this disease, and elucidated therapeutically relevant targets. Therapeutic efforts in development are directed at several key pathways due to genetic aberrations including receptor tyrosine kinase pathways, mutant IDH enzymes, the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway, and chromatin remodeling networks. A highly desmoplastic, hypovascular stroma is characteristic of CCAs and recent work has highlighted the importance of targeting this pathway via stromal myofibroblast depletion. Future efforts should concentrate on combination therapies with action against the cancer cell and the surrounding tumor stroma. As the mutational landscape of CCA is being illuminated, molecular profiling of patient tumors will enable identification of specific mutations and the opportunity to offer directed, personalized treatment options., (Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.)