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A novel paper-based open bipolar electrode-electrochemiluminescence (P- o -BPE-ECL) sensing has been developed for visual detection. Wax-screen-printing was employed to make microfluidic channels on filter paper, and the carbon ink-based BPE and driving electrodes were screen-printed on paper. An inexpensive CCD camera was used as a detector for imaging sensing. In this study, two P- o -BPE-ECL imaging sensing platforms were demonstrated. For the first one, a hydrophilic paper channel was used to host a single “band”-shaped BPE. Under optimal conditions, this P- o -BPE-ECL platform successfully fulfilled the imaging sensing of tri- n -propylamine (TPA) with a linear range from 10 to 1000 μM with a detection limit of 8.7 μM. In addition, the determination of H 2 O 2 using this platform could be performed in the linear range of 50 μM to 5000 μM with a detection limit of 46.6 μM. For the second platform, an open BPE array configuration has been proposed for P- o -BPE-ECL sensing, where eleven BPEs were stridden across the two legs of the “U”-shaped paper channel. On this prototype, a simple screening application has been performed. These results show that the proposed strategy offers great promise in providing a simple, low-cost, rapid and environment-friendly solution for biochemical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we firstly report a novel battery-triggered open wireless electrochemiluminescence (O-WL-ECL) sensing strategy based on the microfluidic cloth-based bipolar devices (μCBPDs). The carbon ink-screen-printing is used to fabricate the bipolar electrodes (BPEs) and driving electrodes on the cloth which is patterned with wax-screen-printed hydrophilic channels to create low-cost sensors ($0.011 per device) which can be powered with a rechargeable battery and read with an inexpensive, portable charge coupled device (CCD) camera. Moreover, the widely-used luminol/hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) ECL reaction has been performed to illustrate the quantitative ability of the O-WL-ECL μCBPDs. Under optimized conditions, the μCBPDs can achieve the measurement of H 2 O 2 , with a linear range of 0.025–10 mM and a detection limit of 0.024 mM. Additionally, the determination of glucose can be carried out in the linear range from 0.025 mM to 10 mM, with a detection limit of 0.023 mM. It has been shown that the O-WL-ECL on μCBPDs has an acceptable sensitivity, stability and reproducibility. Finally, this simple and cost-effective device is successfully applied for the measurements of H 2 O 2 in milk and glucose in clinical urine and serum samples. Therefore, the proposed methodology could provide great promise in applications in many areas, and may facilitate the achievement of point-of-care testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]