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The north and south poles of the earth (hereinafter referred to as the polar regions) are important components of the earth system. Changes in the material balance and movement of the polar ice shelf reflect the influence of the polar regions on global climate change and are also a response to global climate change. Through a comprehensive investigation of ice-shelf kinematics, with sufficient accuracy, it is possible to obtain ice-shelf elevation, movement-state data, ice-shelf material balance state, and the ice-shelf movement dynamics mechanism. Due to the extremely harsh environment in polar regions, remote sensing is currently widely used. Manual and equipment monitoring methods show insufficient accuracy or discontinuous time series. There is an urgent need to obtain continuous real-time ice-shelf kinematics-related parameters on the ground to verify the reliability of the parameters obtained by satellite remote sensing. These parameters should be combined with remote sensing monitoring to provide data support. In this paper, a monitoring system for the movement of polar ice and shelf ice cover is developed, and it is proposed that various data can be acquired by integrating high-precision GPS (global positioning system) and other sensors. Solutions to the problem of low-temperature power supply in the polar regions, data acquisition and storage strategies, and remote communication methods are proposed. Testing and remote sensing validation verified that the developed acquisition system can fulfill the requirements for monitoring the movement of the polar unmanned ice shelves and ice sheets.