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Objective: To identify different clinical and pathological features for adult and juvenile granulosa cell tumors., Methods: The clinical records of 42 patients with granulosa cell tumors of ovary, including pathological features, treatments and follow up results between April 2001 and September 2009 were reviewed., Results: 1) There were 38 newly diagnosed cases after 2001, and 4 cases were relapsed cases diagnosed before 2001. The 38 cases accounted for 3.13% of ovarian cancer cases treated in our hospital. 2) Twenty nine of the 38 cases (76.3%) were Adult Type, while the other 9 (23.7%) were Juvenile Type. The median onset age were 53 and 25 years old for the Adult Type and Juvenile Type, respectively, which shows significant difference (z = -2.990, P = 0.003). 3) The most common symptoms and signs were abdominal pain (44.7%), vaginal bleeding (42.1%), and abdominal mass (76.3%). The most common complications were endometrial hyperplasia (52.6%) and hysteromyoma (21.1%). 4) Stage I, II and III comprised 73.7%, 23.7% and 2.6% of the 38 cases, respectively. Ten patients ng the underwent conservative unilateral oophorectomy or ovarian enucleation. Twenty patients underwent total abdominal hysterectomy plus bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Eight patients underwent cytoreductive surgery. The 42 patients had been followed up for 7 to 175 months, with 14 patients lost of contact. No death was recorded. Inhibin, calretinin, and vimentin were demonstrated to be useful for the diagnosis of granulose cell tumors., Conclusion: With low incidence rate, ovarian granulosa cell tumor is a low-grade malignant and functional tumor. Most are unilateral diseases. Most Adult-type granulosa cell tumors occur in middle aged and elderly people, while most juvenile granulosa cell tumors occur in adolescents and children. Acute abdomen symptom may occur but ascites are less likely to occur in patients with granular cell tumors than those with epithelial ovarian cancers. Ovarian granulosa cell tumors are usually detected early, but easily relapse. Long-term follow-up is needed.

Objective: To observe whether human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) E6-specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) can be employed to inhibit the growth of cervical cancer cell line, and to investigate the associated mechanism., Methods: RNAi was performed using synthetic small interfering RNAs transferred into CaSki cell line by lipofectamine. The cell growth curves, live cell ratio and inhibition ratio of cells were measured by using cell counting. At various time points of post-transfection, the distributions of cell cycle, the expression levels of HPV16 E6, p53, p21 mRNA and proteins were detected by using flow cytometry (FCM) and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR)., Results: The growth inhibition of E6 siRNA to CaSki cells was demonstrated after cells treated with E6 siRNA. No substantial G1 arrest was observed by FCM analysis. For 24 hours after cell transfection, the level of E6 mRNA was decreased by 20. 11 folds compared with control (P < 0.05). However, p53 and p21 mRNA levels appeared unaffected. 48 hours after cell transfection, the expression level of E6 protein was efficiently decreased, but the P53 and P21 protein levels increased in comparison., Conclusions: The inhibitory effect of HPV16 E6 siRNA to CaSki cell maybe due to specially and efficiently silence E6 mRNA expression, decrease the degradation of wild type P53 protein, and then recover the function activity of P53 protein.

Objective: To observe the effect of HPV16E7 specific expression vector on cell proliferation in cervical carcinoma SiHa cells., Methods: The HPV16E7 siRNA expression vector and empty expression vector were transfected into SiHa cells by liposome. The effects on E7 mRNA and E7 protein expression, cell cycle phase and cell growth rate were examined respectively by real-time RT-PCR, FCM and MTT assay., Results: The HPV16E7 siRNA expression vector significantly inhibited the expression levels of E7 mRNA and E7 protein, the inhibition rates being 92.15% and 84.30% respectively. It also inhibited the transition from G, phase to S phase and the growth of SiHa cell line., Conclusion: HPV16E7 specific siRNA expression vector could specifically and efficiently inhibit the expression of E7 gene and hence it could regulate cell cycle and inhibit cell proliferation in cervical carcinoma SiHa cells. siRNA expression vector

Objective: To test of the effect of vector-based RNA interference (RNAi) technique on inhibiting HPV16E7 gene in CaSki cells of cervical cancer., Methods: The HPV16E7-specific siRNA expression vectors P1, P2 and P3 were constructed and transfected into CaSki cells by liposome. The expression of HPV16E7 mRNA and protein were detected by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot., Results: The expression of HPV16E7 mRNA and protein decreased with the transfection of P1, P2 and P3. Vector P1 had the strongest inhibition effect, with an inhibition rates of 92.86% and 81.0% for the expression of HPV16E7 mRNA and protein respectively three weeks after transfection., Conclusion: The expression of E7 gene in CaSki cells can be inhibited by HPV16E7-specific siRNA expression vector.

Objective: To investigate the synergistic effects on cell apoptosis and growing restriction of SKOV3 cells by the combination of compound herbal medicinal prescription (CHMP) with cisplatin (DDP)., Methods: Cisplatin and two CHMP for tonic quality(CHMP1) and activating blood circulation (CHMP2), which was medicated serum, were prepared and used to treat the human ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV3. By serum pharmacologic method, the growth and apoptosis of SKOV3 cell were observed at different time points(24,48,72, 96 h) with different concentrations of medicated serum. Coefficient of drug interaction (CDI) between CHMP, and CHMP2 was studied by MTT method. The effects of control group(A group),CHMP1 group(B group),CHMP2 group (C group), DDP group(D group), CHMP1 + DDP group(E group), CHMP2 + DDP group(Fgroup)to SKOV3 cell were studied by flow cytometry; and the cell apoptosis was observed by agarose electrophoresis; the expressions of TNFR1, caspase-8 on each group were analyzed by Western blot method., Results: Synergistic effects were found between herbal medicinal mixtures and DDP, Restraining rate of SKOV3 and CHMP serum concentration was not in a dose-dependent manner as DDP was. CDI between CHMPI and CHMPS was found to be significant difference (CDI of CHMP1, CHMP2 and DDPwas 0.66, 0.58 respectively). It showed that the combined treatment was able to get better effect than single drug treatment. The performed agarose electrophoresis revealed the extracted DNA to show a typical ladder patterns for cell apoptosis. The analysis results of western blot showed the increased expressions of TNFR1 and caspase-8 after combined using of medicine, which were accord to the rates of apoptosis., Conclusions: CHMP drug granules show the synergistic effects with DDP, and the suppressing functions in the course of cell proliferation, and the inducing effect on apoptosis of human ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV3 in vitro. And this mechanism is showed to be sponsored by the activation of TNFR1 and Caspase-8.

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effects of RNAi(RNA interference)expression vector on the expression of human papilomavirus E6 gene., Methods: siRNA expression vectors were constructed to be aimed directly at HPV16 E6 gene. The recombinants were transfected into cervical cancer cell line, caski, with liposomes. Expression of E6 was detected with fluorescence quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR) and flow cytometry., Results: Three kinds of expression vectors could reduce the expression of E6 mRNA and protein all in caski-B cell. The expression of E6 mRNA reduced to 21.7% of control group, and the protein inhibition ratio reached 98.1%., Conclusion: The RNAi expression vector can effectively inhibit the expression of HPVE6 gene.