1. Sleep in infants and toddlers with Down syndrome compared to typically developing peers: looking beyond snoring
- Author
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Michael Farquhar, Jane Martin, Paul Gringras, Ruth M. Pickering, Hazel J. Evans, Janine Reynolds, Catherine M. Hill, Anna Joyce, Ruth N. Kingshott, Jodi A. Mindell, Heather Elphick, and Soonyiu Yau
- Subjects
Male ,Parents ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Down syndrome ,Infant sleep ,03 medical and health sciences ,Typically developing ,0302 clinical medicine ,Sleep Apnea Syndromes ,Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Medicine ,Humans ,business.industry ,Significant difference ,Snoring ,Infant ,Parental presence ,General Medicine ,Night waking ,medicine.disease ,Sleep in non-human animals ,Sleep patterns ,030228 respiratory system ,Case-Control Studies ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,Down Syndrome ,business ,Sleep ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Aims To compare sleep in infants and toddlers with Down syndrome (DS) to typically developing controls, including differences in snoring and sleep ecology (sleep setting and parent behaviors).MethodsParents of 104 children with DS and 489 controls aged 6-36 months completed the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. We explored group differences, controlling for demographic variables.Results Parents of children with DS reported more sleep problems (45% v 19%), snoring (19% vs 2%), room-sharing (37% vs 17%), and less night-time sleep (55 mins) and total sleep over 24 hours (38 mins). They were more likely to be present when their child fell asleep (OR 4.40). Snoring increased night waking but did not limit night-time/24-hour sleep. However, parental presence was associated with 55 minutes less night-time and 64 minutes less 24-hour sleep. After controlling for snoring and parental presence, children with DS slept less at night (38 mins) but more in the day (21 mins) with no significant difference in 24-hour sleep. ConclusionsOverall, significant differences in sleep patterns, problems, and ecology were found between children with DS and controls. Parental presence at settling, not snoring, explained most differences, including over an hour’s less 24-hour sleep. Early intervention programmes that promote self-soothing skills could prevent the burden of sleep loss in young children with DS.
- Published
- 2019