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15. Performance enhancement of aqueous dye-sensitized solar cells via introduction of a quasi-solid-state electrolyte with an inverse opal structure

Author

Zhongze Gu, Shuai Zhang, Bencai Lin, Gong-Yu Dong, Jianning Ding, Yuan Ningyi, and Jie Qu

Subjects
Aqueous solution, Materials science, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Scattering, 02 engineering and technology, Electrolyte, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Dye-sensitized solar cell, Optics, Chemical engineering, Self-healing hydrogels, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, business, Quasi-solid, Electrical impedance, Photonic crystal
Abstract

To bridge the gap in the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of aqueous and organic-solvent based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs), water-based electrolytes are exploited for a new role to enhance DSC performance. Hydrogels with an inverse opal structure (IOS) were prepared using various SiO2 opal films as templates. The gels were further used as a host for preparing fully water-based gel electrolytes with a photonic band gap (PBG) on which quasi-solid-state DSCs were fabricated. The current–voltage curves indicate that PCEs for the gel electrolytes with the IOS are superior to those for the reference gel electrolyte without the structure, and a maximum average PCE of 1.80% is achieved for the gel electrolytes with the PBG around 624 nm, which is approximately 22% higher than the value for the reference gel electrolyte (1.48%). The action spectra reveal increases of the incident photo-to-current conversion efficiencies both in and beyond the PBG region, indicating that the back reflection and scattering of photons as a result of the IOS are significant for light-harvesting and PCE enhancement. The electrochemical impedance spectra further demonstrate that the IOS lowers the Warburg impedance and the resistance at the TiO2/electrolyte interface compared to the reference gel electrolyte. Furthermore, the durability of DSCs is improved by the gel electrolyte/TiO2 interface and the IOS.

Published
2016
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