1. Semi-transparent small molecule organic solar cells with laminated free-standing carbon nanotube top electrodes
- Author
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Kim, Yong Hyun, Müller-Meskamp, Lars, Zakhidov, Alexander A., Sachse, Christoph, Meiss, Jan, Bikova, Julia, Cook, Alexander, Zakhidov, Anvar A., and Leo, Karl
- Subjects
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SOLAR cells , *TRANSPARENCY (Optics) , *LAMINATED materials , *CARBON nanotubes , *ELECTRODES , *LIGHT absorption , *HETEROJUNCTIONS , *MICROSTRUCTURE - Abstract
Abstract: We have developed semi-transparent n–i–p organic solar cells (OSC) with free-standing multi-wall carbon nanotube (f-CNT) sheets as transparent top electrodes. By a simple and damage-free room temperature orthogonal liquid solution assisted self-laminating process, f-CNT top electrodes are successfully deposited on top of ZnPc:C60 bulk heterojunction small molecule OSCs. The cells show high fill factors above 58% as well as efficiencies up to 1.5% and greater long-term stability compared to the device having a metal electrode. For the given cell structure with f-CNT semi-transparent electrodes, the influence of an optical spacer on light absorption is studied by a systematic variation of the hole transport layer thickness, supported by optical simulations. The results strongly indicate that OSCs with f-CNT top electrodes and optimized thin film stack are highly promising for semi-transparent OSCs, which can be used in tandem devices, in tinted smart windows, and similar applications by a simple and damage-free process in roll-to-roll configuration that can be scaled to large area manufacturing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2012
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