1. The FIELDS Instrument Suite on MMS: Scientific Objectives, Measurements, and Data Products
- Author
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Roy B. Torbert, Rumi Nakamura, M. Granoff, I. Dors, M. Steller, Scott R. Bounds, K. Lappalainen, Christopher T. Russell, Per-Arne Lindqvist, Kenneth R. Bromund, H. Vaith, M. Chutter, Craig Kletzing, J. Westfall, J. Needell, Wolfgang Baumjohann, S. Myers, J. Porter, Göran F. Olsson, Yuri V. Khotyaintsev, Robert J. Strangeway, Ferdinand Plaschke, Werner Magnes, D. Rau, David Fischer, S. Tucker, O. LeContel, Anders Eriksson, Joseph Macri, Robert E. Ergun, Hannes K. Leinweber, Guan Le, B. King, Brian J. Anderson, Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Magnetometer ,Magnetospheric multiscale ,Instrumentation ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Acceleration ,Search coil ,Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph] ,law ,Electric field ,0103 physical sciences ,Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology ,Aerospace engineering ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Physics ,Spacecraft ,business.industry ,Electromagnetic field measurements ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Magnetic reconnection ,Space and Planetary Science ,Physics::Space Physics ,Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,business ,Magnetospheric dynamics - Abstract
The FIELDS instrumentation suite on the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission provides comprehensive measurements of the full vector magnetic and electric fields in the reconnection regions investigated by MMS, including the dayside magnetopause and the night-side magnetotail acceleration regions out to 25 Re. Six sensors on each of the four MMS spacecraft provide overlapping measurements of these fields with sensitive cross-calibrations both before and after launch. The FIELDS magnetic sensors consist of redundant flux-gate magnetometers (AFG and DFG) over the frequency range from DC to 64 Hz, a search coil magnetometer (SCM) providing AC measurements over the full whistler mode spectrum expected to be seen on MMS, and an Electron Drift Instrument (EDI) that calibrates offsets for the magnetometers. The FIELDS three-axis electric field measurements are provided by two sets of biased double-probe sensors (SDP and ADP) operating in a highly symmetric spacecraft environment to reduce significantly electrostatic errors. These sensors are complemented with the EDI electric measurements that are free from all local spacecraft perturbations. Cross-calibrated vector electric field measurements are thus produced from DC to 100 kHz, well beyond the upper hybrid resonance whose frequency provides an accurate determination of the local electron density. Due to its very large geometric factor, EDI also provides very high time resolution (similar to 1 ms) ambient electron flux measurements at a few selected energies near 1 keV. This paper provides an overview of the FIELDS suite, its science objectives and measurement requirements, and its performance as verified in calibration and cross-calibration procedures that result in anticipated errors less than 0.1 nT in B and 0.5 mV/m in E. Summaries of data products that result from FIELDS are also described, as well as algorithms for cross-calibration. Details of the design and performance characteristics of AFG/DFG, SCM, ADP, SDP, and EDI are provided in five companion papers.
- Published
- 2014
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