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This study presents a novel method for the diagnosis of hepatitis B virus infection using human blood serum Raman spectroscopy combined with a deep learning model. The sera of 499 people infected with the hepatitis B virus and 435 healthy controls were measured in this experiment. The data were subjected to a dimensionality reduction by principal component analysis. Then, the features of multiple scales were preserved and fused by a multiscale fusion convolution operation. The gated recurrent unit network was added to extract time series features and finally output the result of the classification through a softmax layer. A diagnostic model based on a gated recurrent unit and multiscale fusion convolutional neural network was constructed and evaluated by a 10-fold cross-validation method. Compared to existing analysis methods for serum Raman spectroscopy, the proposed model achieved the best performance. The combination of Raman spectroscopy and deep learning models is expected to be applied well in the early screening of hepatitis B and is a promising screening method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a highly prevalent and recurrent cancer, detecting the degree of differentiation in oral cancer is crucial. Current methods rely on biopsies in the presence of significant lesions, which are time-consuming. This study introduces an efficient and rapid approach for mass determination of oral cancer differentiation levels. By leveraging serum Raman spectroscopy combined with deep neural networks and extreme gradient boosting, we performed feature selection and interaction on oral cancer samples of varying differentiation levels, achieving the most accurate and reliable classification of oral cancer differentiation stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, liver cancer has caused great harm to human health. This study aims to use serum Raman spectroscopy combined with deep learning algorithms to classify liver cancer patients and control groups. For improving the robustness of models, we added equal proportions of Gaussian white noise of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 dBW to enhance the data, and compared the results of convolutional neural networks and long short-term memory networks which show that the convolutional neural network combined with 10-fold data enhancement was better. The accuracy was 96.95%, indicating the great potential of this experimental model in liver cancer detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]