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Importance: Current guidelines for patients who have experienced a concussion or mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) often focus on conservative care and observation. However, mTBI may increase the risk of novel psychiatric disorders (NPDs) within 180 days, and long-term management of mTBI should include psychiatric evaluation for high-risk populations. Objective: To investigate the association between NPDs and mTBI. Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using 8-years of the National Readmission Database. All individuals who were admitted for a diagnosis of concussion and were readmitted within 180 days following discharge were queried; patients without complete follow-up were excluded. This cohort was then subdivided based on age (by quartile), sex, and whether the individual experienced loss of consciousness (LOC) to control for demographic-dependent confounding. Analysis was conducted for the total and subdivided cohorts, and the results were used to develop a binary decision tree to provide recommendations for high-risk patient populations. Main Outcomes and Measures: Development of NPDs within 180 days, including: depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and homicidal ideation. All psychiatric disorders were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes. Results: Analysis was conducted with a cohort of 12,080 patients (mean age: 59.5±21.6; 49.8% female) who were admitted initially for concussion. Males and females with LOC had higher rates of depression in all age quartiles within 180 days (p