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Seven new species, Pertusaria albula, P. dharugensis, P. ochrodigitula, P. pinnaculata, P. placocarpa, P. puttyensis and P. scabrida from New South Wales are reported as new to science.

Pertusaria lacerocarpa Q. Ren (diagnostic characters for the species are a grey or ash-grey thallus corticolous; disciform apothecia with pink discs of which are slightly pruinose; a K– epihymenium; 1-spored asci with cylindric or ellipsoid spores, the walls of which are smooth and not trimmed; and the presence of hypothamnolic acid), P. montana Q. Ren (diagnostic characters for the species are a white or whitish-grey thallus muscicolous; disciform apothecia with pink discs of which are epruinose or slightly pruinose; a K– epihymenium; 1-spored asci with ellipsoid or cylindric spores, the walls of which are smooth and trimmed; and the presence of gyrophoric acid) and P. yulongensis Q. Ren (diagnostic characters for the species are a grey to black-grey thallus corticolous; verruciform apothecia with concave and black apices; a K+ violet epihymenium; 8-spored asci with dominantly biseriate spores, the walls of which are smooth and not trimmed; and the presence of fumarprotocetraric acid) from high mountains in China are described and illustrated as new to science.

Five new species, Pertusaria dayi, P. glabra, P. heinari, P. montoensis, P. stenospora and a new combination, Pertusaria aphelospora, are reported from Australia. In addition, Pertusaria phulhuangensis described from Thailand, P. karkarensis, described from Papua New Guinea, and P. virensica, described from Florida, are reported from Australia for the first time.

This revision of Pertusaria in the Galapagos Islands documents twenty-four species, twenty-two being new to the archipelago. Secondary chemistry correlates well with morphology and anatomy and is particularly useful in distinguishing these taxa. Eight species are described as new to science, and seven are known only from the Galapagos: Pertusaria albineoides, P. cerroazulensis, P. darwiniana, P. medullamarilla, P. stictica, P. thioisidiata and P. xanthoisidiata. Pertusaria lueckingii is new, but it also occurs in Central America (El Salvador). Three new endemic varieties are described based on their chemistry: Pertusaria thioisidiata var. isidiogyrophorica, P. tejocotensis var. stictica and P. xantholeucoides var. thamnolica. In contrast with previous studies on other genera where rates of endemism of 8–10% were observed, in Pertusaria 30–37% of all species and 41–46% of all taxa are considered endemic.

The first account of the lichen genus Pertusaria (Pertusariaceae) on the island of Rarotonga (Cook Islands) is given. A total of 8 taxa are recorded, of which 5 are new to science viz: Pertusaria atroguttata, P. homilocarpa, P. megacarpa, P. rarotongensis and P. rarotongensis var. stictica. A key to the species is provided.

Two new species, Pertusaria marcellii and P. saxatilis are reported from Brazil and the new combination Pertusaria ferax (Müll.Arg.) A.W.Archer & Elix is made.

Four new species, Pertusaria ambigua, P. humilis, P. queenslandica and P. submalvinae, are reported from Australia and two new species, Pertusaria allosorodes and P. wirthii, are reported from New Zealand.

The new species Pertusaria elizabethae is reported from Brazil. The chemistry and morphology of this species are discussed.

Archer, Alan W. (National Herbarium of New South Wales, Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, NSW, Australia 2000) 1991. Synonymy and chemotaxonomy of Australian Pertusaria species (Lichenes) based on Australian type specimens. Telopea 4(2): 165-184. The type specimens of 44 Australian taxa and several non-Australian taxa in the genus Pertusaria were examined; 17 of these names are synonyms for previously described taxa. P. melaleuca var. trispora MUll. Arg. is a synonym of P. pustulata var. trimera MUll. Arg., which is raised to species level as P. trimera (Mull. Arg.) A. Archer, comb. nov. The remaining 28 names are accepted as legitimate. Lectotypes are selected for P. communis var. neo-caledonica Nyl., P. confluens Mull. Arg., P. irregularis Mull. Arg., P. meridionalis var. xanthostoma MUll. Arg., P. microsporella Zahlbr. and P. rhodotropa Mull. Arg. The chemistry of the specimens examined is reported. Introduction Between 1882 and 1895 J. Muller (Mull. Arg.) described 39 new taxa in the genus Pertusaria, based on specimens collected in Australia 0. Muller 1882a, 1883, 1884, 1891a, 1893a, 1893b, 1895a, 1895b). Additional taxa in the genus were described by G. Korber (1862) and C. Knight (1882, Shirley 1889) giving a total of 44 taxa based on Australian type material. The type specimens of these taxa have received little study apart from nomenclatural changes by Zahlbruckner (1928) to remove synonyms, and listing for the Index to Type Specimens of Australian Lichens (Filson 1986). This note reports the results of a chemotaxonomic examination of the type specimens of the 44 Australian taxa and relevant non-Australian taxa, and more recent collections of the same taxa. An index of all taxa mentioned is included. No key is included in this account as several new species have been found; these, together with a key to the genus in Australia, will be published at a later date. Material and methods The material examined consisted of type specimens from BRI, G, W, WELT and WRSL, and additional specimens from AD, ANUC, BRIU, CBG, GZU, H, HO, MEL, NSW and PERTH and from the herbaria of J.A. Elix, W.H. Ewers, J. Hafellner, K. Kalb, G. Kantvilas, H.T. Lumbsch, H. Mayrhofer, R.W. Rogers, G.N. Stevens, H. Streimann and D. Verdon. All types cited here have been examined unless otherwise indicated. Slices of verrucae were mounted in water for measurement of spore size; the spore descriptions follow the nomenclature of Dibben (1980: 10). Thin-layer chromatography was carried out on acetone extracts using the mobile phases A and C of Culberson (1972) and the compounds were detected with UV light, sulphuric acid (Culberson 1972) and MBTH (Archer 1978). Perlatolic acid and Volume 4(2): 165–184 Publication Date: 1 March 1991 dx.doi.org/10.7751/telopea19914925 TELOPEA Journal of Plant Systematics Til. Ro)'al BOTANIC GARDENS 6 DOPII(liPi Tmst plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/Telopea • escholarship.usyd.edu.au/journals/index.php/TEL· ISSN 0312-9764 (Print) • ISSN 2200-4025 (Online)