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This article offers a brief introduction to the quotations in certain Church Fathers that are usually identified as Jewish-Christian gospel tradition, and addresses the question of the number of gospels to which they should be attributed. It includes a discussion of a selection of these extracts, and some comments on what may be concluded about the two or three gospels from which they might come. The article also addresses the question of how these texts might be witnesses to Jesus, and the relationship of their content to that of the canonical gospels.

This article offers a critical introduction to the early Christian letter known as 1 Clement. It focuses on its text, influence, authorship, occasion, purpose and genre, date, and the authorities and sources on which its author drew.