1. Adipose tissue proadipogenic redox changes in obesity
- Author
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Jean-Paul Thouvenot, Mireille André, Luc Pénicaud, Sylvie Caspar-Bauguil, Brigitte Périquet, Yvette Fernandez, Anne Galinier, Audrey Carrière, Louis Casteilla, Christian Carpéné, Métabolisme Plasticité et Mitochondrie [lié à l'ex IFR 31] (LMPM), IFR 31 Louis Bugnard (IFR 31), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Blood Glucose ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Antioxidant ,medicine.medical_treatment ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Adipose tissue ,White adipose tissue ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,Redox ,Antioxidants ,Lipid peroxidation ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Obesity ,Rats, Wistar ,Molecular Biology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,030304 developmental biology ,Inflammation ,0303 health sciences ,Vitamin C ,Chemistry ,Cell Biology ,Glutathione ,Rats ,Rats, Zucker ,Oxidative Stress ,Endocrinology ,Adipose Tissue ,Lipid Peroxidation ,Oxidation-Reduction ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
The role of inflammation and oxidative stress in the development of obesity and associated metabolic disorders is under debate. We investigated the redox metabolism in a non-diabetic obesity model, i.e. 11-week-old obese Zucker rats. Antioxidant enzyme activities, lipophilic antioxidant (alpha-tocopherol, coenzymes Q) and hydrophilic antioxidant (glutathione, vitamin C) contents and their redox state (% oxidized form), were studied in inguinal white fat and compared with blood and liver. The adipose tissues of obese animals showed a specific higher content of hydrophilic molecules in a lower redox state than those of lean animals, which were associated with lower lipophilic molecule content and lipid peroxidation. Conversely and as expected, glutathione content decreased and its redox state increased in adipose tissues of rats subjected to lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic oxidative stress. In these in vivo models, oxidative stress and obesity thus had opposite effects on adipose tissue redox state. Moreover, the increase in glutathione content and the decrease of its redox state by antioxidant treatment promoted in vitro the accumulation of triglycerides in preadipocytes. Taken together and contrary to the emergent view, our results suggest that obesity is associated with an intracellular reduced redox state that promotes on its own the development of a deleterious proadipogenic process.
- Published
- 2005