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Purpose We analyzed the database from the Korean National Infectious Diseases Surveillance to reveal clinical characteristics of co-infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT). Materials and Methods Eligible cases included a single NG infection (male/female) for 6,421 (4,975/1,446), a single CT infection for 20,436 (6,107/14,329), and co-infection for 498 (233/265) between 2011 and 2015. Results Cases of NG and CT have increased for 5 years; the proportion of co-infected male has increased continuously and was positively correlated with that of CT infections. But the proportion of co-infected female was positively correlated with that of NG infections, following an expanded wavelike-pattern. Generally, people with co-infection was younger than either infection alone (p=0.001). But the characteristics of co-infection revealed sex-specific differences. While the co-infected females were younger than females in NG (p=0.001) or CT group (p=0.001), the co-infected males were younger than males in CT (p=0.001) only, not males in the NG group (p=0.394). Amongst males, 4.47% with NG had CT infection, while in female 15.49% with NG had CT (p=0.001). In contrast, in male 3.68% with CT infection had NG infection and in female 1.82% of CT had NG (p=0.001). Young people in both sexes have increased risks of co-infection bi-directionally (all p=0.001), except males with NG that were also co-infected with CT (p=0.642). Conclusions The sex-specific findings in co-infection may improve understanding of gender-specific characteristics in NG and CT infections. Co-infected people are increasing for 5 years. Therefore, we must consider long-term complication of the co-infected people.

KoreaPurpose: We evaluated the usefulness of a home-based device (SwimCountTM) compared with World Health Organization (WHO) 5th semen analysis in screening for male fertility in Asian men.Materials and Methods: One hundred Asian men who visited CHA Seoul Station Fertility Center for evaluation of fertility were included. Semen samples were analyzed and compared with the SwimCountTM results. An aliquot of 0.5 mL of the semen sample was added to the SwimCountTM and a WHO 5th semen analysis was performed. Results were categorized as low (