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Hydrological drought is a highly complex and extreme natural disaster, which has increased in deficit, areal extent, and frequency with the penetration of climate change impact. For better anticipating hydrological droughts, it is crucial to evaluate hydrological drought and its teleconnections with large-scale climate indices (LSCI) effectively. This study estimated the dynamics and patterns of hydrological drought in the near-real river networks by virtue of the standardized runoff index (SRI) based on VIC and large-scale routing model in the Xijiang River basin, and revealed their teleconnections with the climate indices. Results show that model simulation can reasonably reveal the hydrological drought evolutions in near-real river networks and effectively expose the drought downward spread along main channels. The drought spread distances in Hongshuihe and Yujiang Rivers are farther under the comprehensive influence of climate, topography, and watershed shape. Hydrological drought evolutions in the upper reaches are mainly manifested as three patterns, including S12 (simultaneous significant changes in drought intensity, concentration degree, and frequency), S7(simultaneous significant changes in drought intensity and frequency), and S1(single significant change in drought intensity). These drought dynamic patterns are majority affected by climate variation patterns M1 (warm and cold AMO), M3 (cold PDO), and M7 (warm AMO/AO). For decision-makers, this work is beneficial for understanding and anticipating hydrological droughts in the river networks, and further selecting management strategies for water resources. Highlights: The quantitative results of model simulation are reliable for drought evaluation. Drought concentration period delays and drought risk increases significantly. Dynamic evolutions of drought mainly manifest as three combinations patterns. Upstream drought is mainly affected by AMO, PDO, and AMO/AO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]