Research conducted in 1998 in Tasmania indicated that a fourth sector of society - distinct from market, government and community - was emerging (Alessandrini 2001). The comparative analysis between seven Tasmanian and seven Texan non-government human-service organisations showed dramatic differences between the two groups but also common ground. There was evidence of an emerging social group, possibly a new fourth sector of society, calling into question the conceptual adequacy of civil society (Alessandrini 2002). If these organisations cannot be regarded as government, market or community (or civil society), a new category is indicated. Evidence in 1998 indicated that an 'entrepreneurial civic service' sector was in its infancy in Australia. Ten years on, in 2008, what has happened? Has the anticipated change eventuated, and how robust is the concept of a fourth sector? The seven organisations case-studied and qualitatively analysed in 1998 were recontacted and updated data was collected. When analysed, this revised data is very revealing. Dramatic change has indeed occurred, with significant increases in collaborative and cooperative modes of operation that have accrued benefits to the organisations involved. The evidence for a distinct fourth sector is, however, not convincing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]