21 results on '"Dijkman, A."'
Search Results
2. Pulmonary deposition and disappearance of aerosolised secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor
- Author
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H. I. J. Feitsma, J. Stolk, Joop H. Dijkman, J. A. J. Camps, J. Hermans, and E. K. J. Pauwels
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Serine Proteinase Inhibitors ,Cystic Fibrosis ,Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory ,Cystic fibrosis ,Cricetinae ,alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Secretory Leukocyte Peptidase Inhibitor ,Radionuclide Imaging ,Lung ,Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m ,Aerosols ,Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency ,Mesocricetus ,Inhalation ,biology ,business.industry ,Respiratory disease ,Elastase ,Proteins ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,Recombinant Proteins ,respiratory tract diseases ,Phenotype ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Pulmonary Emphysema ,Neutrophil elastase ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,business ,Half-Life ,Research Article ,SLPI - Abstract
BACKGROUND--The neutrophil elastase inhibitor, secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), is a potential therapeutic tool in inflammatory lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis and pulmonary emphysema. The distribution and disappearance in the lung of aerosolised recombinant SLPI (rSLPI) was investigated in healthy humans and in patients with cystic fibrosis or alpha 1-antitrypsin-associated emphysema. METHODS--To distinguish aerosolised rSLPI from endogenous SLPI the recombinant inhibitor was radiolabelled with 99m-technetium (99mTc) pertechnetate. Distribution and disappearance of aerosolised 99mTc-rSLPI in the lungs were studied by gamma radiation imaging. RESULTS--The deposition of 99mTc-rSLPI in normal volunteers was homogeneous in all lung lobes, while in patients with cystic fibrosis or emphysema only well ventilated areas showed deposition of the aerosol. The disappearance rate of 99mTc-rSLPI was biexponential. The half life of the rapid phase was 0.2-2.8 hours, while that of the slow phase was more than 24 hours. CONCLUSIONS--Future aerosol therapy with rSLPI will be most beneficial for well ventilated lung tissue that needs protection against neutrophil derived elastase. It may be more difficult to neutralise the burden of elastase in poorly ventilated, highly inflamed areas as are seen in cystic fibrosis.
- Published
- 1995
3. Lung sound intensity in patients with emphysema and in normal subjects at standardised airflows
- Author
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E van Vollenhoven, J Vanderschoot, Peter J. Sterk, H. J. W. Schreur, Joop H. Dijkman, H C van Klink, and Other departments
- Subjects
Male ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Airflow ,Pulmonary function testing ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Lung volumes ,Aged ,Respiratory Sounds ,Lung ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Respiratory disease ,Auscultation ,Middle Aged ,Reference Standards ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Surgery ,Intensity (physics) ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Pulmonary Emphysema ,Cardiology ,Breathing ,Lung Volume Measurements ,Pulmonary Ventilation ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
BACKGROUND: A common auscultatory finding in pulmonary emphysema is a reduction of lung sounds. This might be due to a reduction in the generation of sounds due to the accompanying airflow limitation or to poor transmission of sounds due to destruction of parenchyma. Lung sound intensity was investigated in normal and emphysematous subjects in relation to airflow. METHODS: Eight normal men (45-63 years, FEV1 79-126% predicted) and nine men with severe emphysema (50-70 years, FEV1 14-63% predicted) participated in the study. Emphysema was diagnosed according to pulmonary history, results of lung function tests, and radiographic criteria. All subjects underwent phonopneumography during standardised breathing manoeuvres between 0.5 and 2 1 below total lung capacity with inspiratory and expiratory target airflows of 2 and 1 l/s respectively during 50 seconds. The synchronous measurements included airflow at the mouth and lung volume changes, and lung sounds at four locations on the right chest wall. For each microphone airflow dependent power spectra were computed by using fast Fourier transformation. Lung sound intensity was expressed as log power (in dB) at 200 Hz at inspiratory flow rates of 1 and 2 l/s and at an expiratory flow rate of 1 l/s. RESULTS: Lung sound intensity was well repeatable on two separate days, the intraclass correlation coefficient ranging from 0.77 to 0.94 between the four microphones. The intensity was strongly influenced by microphone location and airflow. There was, however, no significant difference in lung sound intensity at any flow rate between the normal and the emphysema group. CONCLUSION: Airflow standardised lung sound intensity does not differ between normal and emphysematous subjects. This suggests that the auscultatory finding of diminished breath sounds during the regular physical examination in patients with emphysema is due predominantly to airflow limitation.
- Published
- 1992
4. Validity of peak expiratory flow measurement in assessing reversibility of airflow obstruction
- Author
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A C Schrier, Joop H. Dijkman, Friedo W. Dekker, P. J. Sterk, and Other departments
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ,Airflow obstruction ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Internal medicine ,Bronchodilator ,medicine ,Humans ,Lung volumes ,Peak flow meter ,Aged ,measurement_unit ,Asthma ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,Obstructive lung disease ,Surgery ,respiratory tract diseases ,Airway Obstruction ,Predictive value of tests ,measurement_unit.measuring_instrument ,Salbutamol ,Cardiology ,Female ,business ,Research Article ,medicine.drug ,circulatory and respiratory physiology - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Assessing the reversibility of airflow obstruction by peak expiratory (PEF) measurements would be practicable in general practice, but its usefulness has not been investigated. METHODS: PEF measurements were performed (miniWright peak flow meter) in 73 general practice patients (aged 40 to 84) with a history of asthma or chronic obstructive lung disease before and after 400 micrograms inhaled sulbutamol. The change in PEF was compared with the change in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1). Reversible airflow obstruction was analysed in two ways according to previous criteria. When defined as a 9% or greater increase in FEV1 expressed as a percentage of predicted values reversibility was observed in 42% of patients. Relative operating characteristic analysis showed that an absolute improvement in PEF of 60 l/min or more gave optimal discrimination between patients with reversible and irreversible airflow obstruction (the sensitivity and specificity of an increase of 60 l/min in detecting a 9% or more increase in FEV1 as a percentage of predicted values were 68% and 93% respectively, with a positive predictive value of 87%). When defined as an increase of 190 ml or more in FEV1, reversible airflow obstruction was observed in 53% of patients. Again an absolute improvement in PEF of 60 l/min or more gave optimal discrimination between patients with reversible and irreversible airflow obstruction (sensitivity 56%, specificity 94%, and positive predictive value 92%). CONCLUSION: Absolute changes in PEF can be used as a simple technique to diagnose reversible airflow obstruction in patients from general practice.
- Published
- 1992
5. Relation between small airways disease and parenchymal destruction in surgical lung specimens
- Author
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Luuk N.A. Willems, P. J. Sterk, Theo Stijnen, J. H. Dijkman, J. J. Weening, J. A. Kramps, and Other departments
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Adult ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bronchiole ,Adolescent ,Bronchi ,Respiratory Bronchioles ,Parenchyma ,Medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Lung ,business.industry ,Respiratory disease ,Bronchial Diseases ,Anatomy ,Middle Aged ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,Pathophysiology ,Pulmonary Alveoli ,Small airways disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Pulmonary Emphysema ,Female ,business ,Wall thickness ,Research Article - Abstract
The relation between small airways disease and parenchymal destruction was investigated in lungs and lobes removed at surgery from 27 patients aged 15-70 years. Eight of the 27 patients were life-long non-smokers. The degree of small airways disease was assessed by semi-quantitative grading (SAD score) and by measuring diameter and wall thickness of membranous bronchioles. Parenchymal destruction was measured in three ways. Firstly, the number of alveolar attachments on membranous bronchioles per millimetre of circumference (AA/mm) was counted; the number of broken attachments was subtracted from the total AA/mm to give the numbers of intact attachments (normal AA/mm). Secondly, a point counting technique was used to give a destructive index (DI). Thirdly, the mean linear intercept (Lm) was determined. Total and normal AA/mm correlated negatively with the SAD score of membranous bronchioles (rs = -0.48 and -0.51) and with wall thickness (rs = -0.37 and -0.45) and DI correlated with wall thickness (rs = 0.5) and with the SAD score of respiratory bronchioles (rs = 0.53). Lm did not correlate with indices of small airway disease and total and normal AA/mm did not correlate with diameter. Multiple regression analyses showed that the correlation of total AA/mm with the SAD score of membranous and respiratory bronchioles and with wall thickness were not confounded by age or smoking. It is concluded that small airways disease is related to destruction of peribronchiolar alveoli, and it is postulated that small airways disease has a direct role in the causation of centrilobular emphysema.
- Published
- 1990
6. AUTHORS' REPLY
- Author
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Nierop, G, primary, Bel, E., additional, and Dijkman, J., additional
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Lung sound intensity in patients with emphysema and in normal subjects at standardised airflows.
- Author
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Schreur, H J, primary, Sterk, P J, additional, Vanderschoot, J, additional, van Klink, H C, additional, van Vollenhoven, E, additional, and Dijkman, J H, additional
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Auranofin in the treatment of steroid dependent asthma: a double blind study.
- Author
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Nierop, G, primary, Gijzel, W P, additional, Bel, E H, additional, Zwinderman, A H, additional, and Dijkman, J H, additional
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Validity of peak expiratory flow measurement in assessing reversibility of airflow obstruction.
- Author
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Dekker, F W, primary, Schrier, A C, additional, Sterk, P J, additional, and Dijkman, J H, additional
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. The protective effect of a beta 2 agonist against excessive airway narrowing in response to bronchoconstrictor stimuli in asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease.
- Author
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Bel, E. H., primary, Zwinderman, A. H., additional, Timmers, M. C., additional, Dijkman, J. H., additional, and Sterk, P. J., additional
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Relation between small airways disease and parenchymal destruction in surgical lung specimens.
- Author
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Willems, L N, primary, Kramps, J A, additional, Stijnen, T, additional, Sterk, P J, additional, Weening, J J, additional, and Dijkman, J H, additional
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. AUTHORS' REPLY
- Author
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G Nierop, E. Bel, and J. Dijkman
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine - Published
- 1992
13. In vitro effect of a mucolytic thiol agent on the activity of polymorphonuclear leucocyte elastase and antileucoprotease.
- Author
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Stolk, J, Kramps, J A, and Dijkman, J H
- Subjects
ETHANOL ,NEUTROPHILS ,PHARMACOLOGY ,PROTEINS ,PROTEOLYTIC enzymes ,SULFUR compounds ,PROTEASE inhibitors ,IN vitro studies - Abstract
We have studied the effects of the mucolytic thiol agent mercapto-ethanesulphonate (mesna) on the activity of both polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) elastase and antileucoprotease in vitro. In all tests a specific synthetic substrate was used to measure elastase activity, which was then related to enzyme activity in the absence of mesna. The relative elastase activity decreased to 67.5% of control values after the enzyme had been incubated in a 120 mmol/l mesna solution. In the sol phase of purulent sputum, elastase activity decreased to 45% after the sol phase had been incubated in a 600 mmol/l mesna solution. The inability to reverse the inhibition of mesna by increasing the substrate concentration indicated that mesna acts as a non-competitive inhibitor of PMN elastase. Incubation of elastase with antileucoprotease reduced the relative elastase activity to 21%. When antileucoprotease was preincubated in a 60 mmol/l mesna solution under identical assay conditions, a relative elastase activity of 39% was observed. Inhibition experiments with mesna treated antileucoprotease, in which sulphydryl groups were blocked with iodoacetamide, strongly suggested that the dissociation constant (Ki) of the fraction of antileucoprotease that retains activity after the incubation with mesna was not changed. Elastase inhibitory activity in mucoid sol phase, which can be ascribed mainly to antileucoprotease, decreased to 53% after incubation with mesna at a concentration of 960 mmol/l. Incubation of PMN elastase/antileucoprotease complex with mesna did not result in any release of active PMN elastase from the antileucoprotease. It is concluded that mesna and other thiol compounds, when locally administered, may influence the proteinase-antiproteinase balance in the airways by their effect on both PMN elastase and antileucoprotease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1986
14. Comparison of concentrations of two proteinase inhibitors, porcine pancreatic elastase inhibitory capacity, and cell profiles in sequential bronchoalveolar lavage samples.
- Author
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Morrison, H M, Kramps, J A, Dijkman, J H, and Stockley, R A
- Abstract
Bronchoalveolar lavage is used to obtain cells and proteins from the lower respiratory tract for diagnosis and research. Uncertainity exists about which site in the lung is sampled by the lavage fluid and what effect different lavage volumes have on recovery of the constituents of lavage fluid. Dilution of alveolar lining fluid by lavage fluid is variable and results are usually expressed as protein ratios to surmount this problem. We have compared cell profiles and the concentrations of two proteinase inhibitors--the low molecular weight bronchial protease inhibitor antileucoprotease and alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor, together with alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor function and its relationship to the cell profile in sequential bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from patients undergoing bronchoscopy. There was no difference in total or differential cell counts or albumin or alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor concentrations between the first and second halves of the lavage. Both the concentration of antileucoprotease and the ratio of antileucoprotease to albumin were, however, lower in the second half of the lavage (2p less than 0.01 and 2p less than 0.05 respectively). There was no difference in the function of alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor (assessed by inhibition of porcine pancreatic elastase--PPE) between aliquots (0.28 mole PPE inhibited/mol alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor; range 0-1.19 for the first half and 0.37 mol PPE inhibited/mol alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor; range 0.10-0.80 for the second half). About 60-70% of alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor in each half of the lavage fluid was inactive as an inhibitor. The function of alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor did not differ between bronchitic smokers and ex-smokers. Alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor function was not related to the number of total white cells, macrophages, or neutrophils in the lavage fluid. Contamination of lavage by red blood cells was found to alter the concentration of alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor but not its function when aliquots with and without erythrocytes were compared. These results show that the only difference between the two halves of these lavage samples is in the amount of antileucoprotease present, suggesting that more proximal secretions are being harvested early in the lavage procedure. Much of the alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor present in the samples is functionally inactive, but this is not clearly related to any particular cell type or to smoking habits, and does not differ between different stages of the lavage procedure. Much of the alpha1 proteinase inhibitor present in the samples is functionally inactive, but this is not clearly related to any particular cell type or to smoking habits, and does not differ between different stages of the lavage procedure. Finally, the presence of erythrocytes probably does affect alpha(1) proteinase inhibitor concentration and such samples should be excluded from analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 1986
15. Elastase inhibitors of sputum sol phase: variability, relationship to neutrophil elastase inhibition, and effect of corticosteroid treatment.
- Author
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Stockley, R A, Morrison, H M, Kramps, J A, Dijkman, J H, and Burnett, D
- Abstract
The concentrations of three known elastase inhibitors (alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor, antileucoprotease, and alpha 2 macroglobulin) have been determined in the sputum of six patients with obstructive bronchitis over five consecutive days. Antileucoprotease was the major inhibitor measured and potentially could provide more than 80% of the elastase inhibition, whereas the contribution of alpha 2 macroglobulin was less than 0.2%. Comparison with the inhibitory capacity of the secretions active against human neutrophil elastase showed that the inhibitors could account for only about half of the inhibition measured. This suggests the presence of a substantial amount of unrecognised inhibitor. Corticosteroid treatment in 10 patients reduced the mean alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor concentration (p less than 0.025) from 18.6 micrograms/ml (SD 22.5) to 9.8 (6.6). Antileucoprotease, however, increased (p less than 0.05) from 20.5 micrograms/ml (24.3) to 39.3 (23.4). These changes were associated with an increase in elastase inhibition (p less than 0.025) from 180 (160) micrograms elastase/ml secretion to 310 (130), suggesting a beneficial effect of steroid treatment on the antielastases in lung secretions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 1986
16. Localisation of a low-molecular-weight bronchial protease inhibitor in the peripheral human lung.
- Author
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Mooren, H W, Kramps, J A, Franken, C, Meijer, C J, and Dijkman, J A
- Abstract
The localisation of a low-molecular-weight bronchial protease inhibitor (LMI) in human peripheral lung tissue was studied by an immunohistochemical method. This inhibitor was found exclusively in a part of the non-ciliated cell population of the bronchiolar epithelium. An inverse relationship was observed between the number of LMI-positive non-ciliated cells per millimetre of basement membrane and the bronchiolar diameter. These findings may have a bearing on the protease-antiprotease theory of the development of pulmonary emphysema, LMI possibly playing a part in the protection of peripheral lung tissue against proteolytic destruction by enzymes liberated from granulocytes or migrating alveolar macrophages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1983
17. Postoperative intrapleural BCG in lung cancer: lack of efficacy and possible enhancement of tumour growth.
- Author
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Bakker, W, Nijhuis-Heddes, J M, Wever, A M, Brutel de la Rivière, A, van der Velde, E A, and Dijkman, J H
- Abstract
Fifty-six patients out of a group of 99 with lung cancer received postoperative intrapleural BCG (Pasteur strain) in three different dosages (16 X 10(6) culturable particles (cp), 32 X 10(6) cp, and 64 X 10(6) cp). When comparing the whole group of 99 patients with a historical control group of 126 patients no statistically significant differences were found in survival and disease-free interval. The two groups were well matched in respect of age, sex, histology, stage of disease, and type of operation. Patients with epidermoid carcinoma stage I receiving BCG, however, did significantly worse than those who had not received BCG in terms of disease-free interval. This unfavourable trend was caused by earlier local recurrences rather than metastases. The possible phenomenon of enhanced tumour growth noted in or patients with epidermoid carcinoma stage I might be related to the dosages used in this study, but the different BCG strain used hinders comparison with other studies. We conclude that BCG has no beneficial effect on survival or on disease-free interval; possible enhancement of tumour growth in stage I epidermoid carcinoma was found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1981
18. Localisation of a low-molecular-weight bronchial protease inhibitor in the peripheral human lung
- Author
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J A Kramps, J A Dijkman, C J Meijer, H W Mooren, and C Franken
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Population ,Cell ,Bronchi ,Biology ,Epithelium ,medicine ,Humans ,Protease Inhibitors ,education ,Basement membrane ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,education.field_of_study ,Histocytochemistry ,Epithelial Cells ,respiratory system ,Protease inhibitor (biology) ,respiratory tract diseases ,Peripheral ,Molecular Weight ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Enzyme ,chemistry ,Immunohistochemistry ,Research Article ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The localisation of a low-molecular-weight bronchial protease inhibitor (LMI) in human peripheral lung tissue was studied by an immunohistochemical method. This inhibitor was found exclusively in a part of the non-ciliated cell population of the bronchiolar epithelium. An inverse relationship was observed between the number of LMI-positive non-ciliated cells per millimetre of basement membrane and the bronchiolar diameter. These findings may have a bearing on the protease-antiprotease theory of the development of pulmonary emphysema, LMI possibly playing a part in the protection of peripheral lung tissue against proteolytic destruction by enzymes liberated from granulocytes or migrating alveolar macrophages.
- Published
- 1983
19. Antileucoprotease in the developing fetal lung
- Author
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Luuk N.A. Willems, J. A. Kramps, P. K. Jeffery, and J. H. Dijkman
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory ,Gestational Age ,Embryonic and Fetal Development ,Fetus ,medicine ,Humans ,Protease Inhibitors ,Respiratory system ,Lung ,Submucosal glands ,Bronchus ,Immunoperoxidase ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,Proteins ,Cell Differentiation ,Anatomy ,respiratory system ,Epithelium ,respiratory tract diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,business ,Research Article ,Respiratory tract - Abstract
The distribution of antileucoprotease in the lungs of 25 fetuses of 9-40 weeks' gestation was studied with monoclonal antibodies and an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. Antileucoprotease was detected from 16 weeks in submucosal glands and collecting ducts in the trachea and main and lobar bronchi: it was also found in the surface epithelium of the trachea at 20 weeks, in main and lobar bronchi at 20 weeks, and in smaller bronchi at 20-25 weeks. Non-ciliated cells containing antileucoprotease were observed in the bronchiolar epithelium at 36 and 40 weeks. The results of this study indicate that antileucoprotease is available from birth. It may therefore form part of the first line of defence of the lung.
- Published
- 1988
20. Postoperative intrapleural BCG in lung cancer: lack of efficacy and possible enhancement of tumour growth
- Author
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E A van der Velde, W. Bakker, A. M. J. Wever, J. H. Dijkman, A Brutel de la Rivière, and J. M. A. Nijhuis-Heddes
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,Dose ,Gastroenterology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Lack of efficacy ,Humans ,Postoperative Period ,Stage (cooking) ,Lung cancer ,Aged ,business.industry ,Histology ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Epidermoid carcinoma ,BCG Vaccine ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Female ,Historical control ,business ,BCG vaccine ,Research Article - Abstract
Fifty-six patients out of a group of 99 with lung cancer received postoperative intrapleural BCG (Pasteur strain) in three different dosages (16 X 10(6) culturable particles (cp), 32 X 10(6) cp, and 64 X 10(6) cp). When comparing the whole group of 99 patients with a historical control group of 126 patients no statistically significant differences were found in survival and disease-free interval. The two groups were well matched in respect of age, sex, histology, stage of disease, and type of operation. Patients with epidermoid carcinoma stage I receiving BCG, however, did significantly worse than those who had not received BCG in terms of disease-free interval. This unfavourable trend was caused by earlier local recurrences rather than metastases. The possible phenomenon of enhanced tumour growth noted in or patients with epidermoid carcinoma stage I might be related to the dosages used in this study, but the different BCG strain used hinders comparison with other studies. We conclude that BCG has no beneficial effect on survival or on disease-free interval; possible enhancement of tumour growth in stage I epidermoid carcinoma was found.
- Published
- 1981
21. Antileucoprotease in the developing fetal lung.
- Author
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Willems, L N, Kramps, J A, Jeffery, P K, and Dijkman, J H
- Subjects
CELL differentiation ,GESTATIONAL age ,HUMAN reproduction ,LUNGS ,PROTEINS ,PROTEASE inhibitors - Abstract
The distribution of antileucoprotease in the lungs of 25 fetuses of 9-40 weeks' gestation was studied with monoclonal antibodies and an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. Antileucoprotease was detected from 16 weeks in submucosal glands and collecting ducts in the trachea and main and lobar bronchi: it was also found in the surface epithelium of the trachea at 20 weeks, in main and lobar bronchi at 20 weeks, and in smaller bronchi at 20-25 weeks. Non-ciliated cells containing antileucoprotease were observed in the bronchiolar epithelium at 36 and 40 weeks. The results of this study indicate that antileucoprotease is available from birth. It may therefore form part of the first line of defence of the lung. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1988
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