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Replacing internal combustion engine vehicles with electric vehicles is the most direct pathway to decarbonize transportation. This paper investigates the environmental benefits of electric vehicle adoption in Shanghai—China's largest regional electric vehicle market. Using vehicle registration data and well-to-wheel analysis, this paper calculates the potential emissions reductions of carbon dioxide and air pollutants for each electric vehicle model sold in Shanghai in 2018. Our results indicate that electric vehicles have been over-subsidized: The average environmental benefit was less than one-fourth of the mean subsidy received. Also, the environmental benefits were not distributed uniformly: About 80% of electric vehicle models generated less than 20% of the aggregate environmental benefits. Finally, three policy recommendations are provided to improve the environmental benefits of electric vehicle adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on travel satisfaction have proliferated recently. However, research efforts to conceptualize travel satisfaction are relatively scarce. One important issue is what reference points people use to evaluate travel satisfaction. While previous research considered travel preference as a reference point, people may compare travels to other reference points, such as travel experience and peers' travel. This paper aims to clarify the role of preferred, past, and peers' travels in travel satisfaction. Multi-group structural equation models are adopted to capture the heterogeneity of such effect across commuters by different transport modes. Household travel survey data collected in 2018 in Shanghai, China are used for modeling. We found that all three reference points are at play in evaluating travel satisfaction. Preferred and peers' travels matter more for commuters using motorized transport modes than those using non-motorized modes; travel experience matters less for commuters by public transport than those by other transport modes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a systematic Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) method for traffic performance assessment under urban floods caused by extreme rainfall events. A coupled rainfall-flood-traffic model has been developed as the prerequisite for evaluation with publicly available data. The DPSIR method integrates the natural and transportation systems into cause-effect-response impact chains and facilitates dynamic traffic performance measurement on the road and network levels. We apply this approach to the urban networks' motorways, trunk, and arterial roads in Shanghai, China. The results help identify critical roads and verify the effectiveness of demand-control strategies in improving traffic resilience. By offering decision-makers a comprehensive view of traffic operation under disruptions, this method can help them build a more resilient transport system in flood risk management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transit users' travel satisfaction is important for assessing the performance of transit-oriented development. Existing studies emphasize the role of service attributes, built environment, and travel attitudes in predicting transit users' travel satisfaction. However, few studies have jointly examined the effects of environment and attitudes based on sophisticated theoretical foundations. This paper aims to narrow this gap by examining the interaction effects of transit accessibility and attitudes towards transit on transit users' travel satisfaction from a person-environment fit perspective. The data is from a household survey conducted in Shanghai in 2018. Using polynomial regression analysis with response surface methodology, the study finds that interaction effects significantly influence the affective component of travel satisfaction, but not the cognitive component. Public transit users' travel satisfaction increases with the congruence between attitude and accessibility. Dissonance is not necessarily a bad situation and may improve travel satisfaction when there is an increase in either factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]