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Objective: To expand the limited knowledge on cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) analysis of maternal blood for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 in twin pregnancy by updating the data from The Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) on prospective first‐trimester screening and those identified in a systematic review of the literature. Methods: The FMF data were derived from prospective screening for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 in twin pregnancies at 10 + 0 to 14 + 1 weeks' gestation using the Harmony® prenatal test. A search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library), ClinicalTrials.gov and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (World Health Organization) was carried out to identify all peer‐reviewed publications on clinical validation or implementation of maternal cfDNA testing for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 in twin pregnancy, irrespective of gestational age at testing, in which data on pregnancy outcome were provided for at least 85% of the study population. Meta‐analysis was performed using the FMF data and data from the studies identified by the literature search. This review was registered in the PROSPERO international database for systematic reviews Results: In the FMF study, cfDNA testing was carried out in 1442 twin pregnancies and a result was obtained, after first or second sampling, in 1367 (94.8%) cases. In 93.1% (1272/1367) of cases, there was prenatal or postnatal karyotyping or birth of phenotypically normal babies; 95 cases were excluded from further analysis either because the pregnancy ended in termination, miscarriage or stillbirth with no known karyotype (n = 56) or there was loss to follow‐up (n = 39). In the 1272 pregnancies included in the study, there were 20 cases with trisomy 21, 10 with trisomy 18, two with trisomy 13 and 1240 without trisomy 21, 18 or 13. The cfDNA test classified correctly 19 (95.0%) of the 20 cases of trisomy 21, nine (90.0%) of the 10 cases of trisomy 18, one (50.0%) of the two cases of trisomy 13 and 1235 (99.6%) of the 1240 cases without any of the three trisomies. The literature search identified 12 relevant studies, excluding our papers because their data are included in the current study. In the combined populations of our study and the 12 studies identified by the literature search, there were 137 trisomy‐21 and 7507 non‐trisomy‐21 twin pregnancies; the pooled weighted detection rate (DR) and false‐positive rate (FPR) were 99.0% (95% CI, 92.0–99.9%) and 0.02% (95% CI, 0.001–0.43%), respectively. In the combined total of 50 cases of trisomy 18 and 6840 non‐trisomy‐18 pregnancies, the pooled weighted DR and FPR were 92.8% (95% CI, 77.6–98.0%) and 0.01% (95% CI, 0.00–0.44%), respectively. In the combined total of 11 cases of trisomy 13 and 6290 non‐trisomy‐13 pregnancies, the pooled weighted DR and FPR were 94.7% (95% CI, 9.14–99.97%) and 0.10% (95% CI, 0.03–0.39%), respectively. Conclusions: In twin pregnancy, the reported DR of trisomy 21 by cfDNA testing is high, but lower than that in singleton pregnancy, whereas the FPR appears to be equally low. The number of cases of trisomy 18 and more so trisomy 13 was too small for accurate assessment of the predictive performance of the cfDNA test. © 2021 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Fetal anomalies of the corpus callosum (CC) have been reported in the prenatal imaging literature since 1985, and, especially when isolated, pose challenges for both the patient and fetal medicine specialist. The purpose of this study was to review systematically the literature on prenatally diagnosed abnormalities of the CC, focusing on the terminology used to describe abnormalities other than complete agenesis of the CC, and to assess the heterogeneity of the nomenclature and definitions used. Methods: This study was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews. A literature search was performed to identify prospective or retrospective case series or cohort studies, published in English, French, Italian, German or Spanish, reporting fetal imaging findings and describing anomalies of the CC. Quality and risk of bias of the studies were evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale and a modification of the scale developed by Conde‐Agudelo et al. for other fetal imaging studies. The data extracted included the number of patients, the number of different anomalies identified, the descriptive names of the anomalies, and, where applicable, the definitions of the anomalies, the number of cases of each type of anomaly and the biometric charts used. Secondary tests used to confirm the diagnosis, as well as the postnatal or post‐termination tests used to ascertain the diagnosis, were also recorded. Results: The search identified 998 records, and, after review of titles and abstracts and full review of 45 papers, 27 studies were included initially in the review, of which 24 were included in the final analysis. These 24 studies had a broad range of quality and risk of bias and represented 1135 cases of CC anomalies, of which 49% were complete agenesis and the remainder were described using the term partial agenesis or nine other terms, of which five had more than one definition. Conclusions: In comparison to the postnatal literature, in the prenatal literature there is much greater heterogeneity in the nomenclature and definition of CC anomalies other than complete agenesis. This heterogeneity and lack of standard definitions in the prenatal literature make it difficult to develop large multicenter pooled cohorts of patients who can be followed in order to develop a better understanding of the genetic associations and neurodevelopmental and psychological outcomes of patients with CC anomalies. As this information is important to improve counseling of these patients, a good first step towards this goal would be to develop a simpler categorization of prenatal CC anomalies that matches better the postnatal literature. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To report on the routine clinical implementation of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) analysis of maternal blood for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 in twin pregnancy and to define the performance of the test by combining our results with those identified in a systematic review of the literature.Methods: The data for the prospective study were derived from screening for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 in twin pregnancies at 10 + 0 to 14 + 1 weeks' gestation. Two populations were included; first, self-referred women to the Fetal Medicine Centre in London or Brugmann University Hospital in Brussels and, second, women selected for the cfDNA test after routine first-trimester combined testing at one of two National Health Service hospitals in England. This dataset was used to determine the performance of screening for the three trisomies. Search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library), ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) was carried out to identify all peer-reviewed publications on clinical validation or implementation of maternal cfDNA testing for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 in twin pregnancy. A meta-analysis was then performed using our data and those in the studies identified by the literature search.Results: In our dataset of 997 twin pregnancies with a cfDNA result and known outcome, the test classified correctly 16 (94.1%) of the 17 cases of trisomy 21, nine (90.0%) of the 10 cases of trisomy 18, one (50.0%) of the two cases of trisomy 13 and 962 (99.4%) of the 968 cases without any of the three trisomies. The literature search identified seven relevant studies, excluding our previous papers because their data are included in the current study. In the combined populations of our study and the seven studies identified by the literature search, there were 56 trisomy-21 and 3718 non-trisomy-21 twin pregnancies; the pooled weighted detection rate (DR) and false-positive rate (FPR) were 98.2% (95% CI, 83.2-99.8%) and 0.05% (95% CI, 0.01-0.26%), respectively. In the combined total of 18 cases of trisomy 18 and 3143 non-trisomy-18 pregnancies, the pooled weighted DR and FPR were 88.9% (95% CI, 64.8-97.2%) and 0.03% (95% CI, 0.00-0.33%), respectively. For trisomy 13, there were only three affected cases and two (66.7%) of these were detected by the cfDNA test at a FPR of 0.19% (5/2569).Conclusions: The performance of cfDNA testing for trisomy 21 in twin pregnancy is similar to that reported in singleton pregnancy and is superior to that of the first-trimester combined test or second-trimester biochemical testing. The number of cases of trisomies 18 and 13 is too small for accurate assessment of the predictive performance of the cfDNA test. Copyright © 2019 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in predicting the location of an intrauterine pregnancy before visualization of the yolk sac is possible. Methods This was a systematic review conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement and registered with PROSPERO. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library for relevant citations. Studies were selected in a two-stage process and their data extracted by two reviewers. Accuracy measures were calculated for each ultrasound sign, i.e. gestational sac, double decidual sac sign, intradecidual sign, chorionic rim sign and yolk sac. Individual study estimates were plotted in summary receiver-operating characteristics curves and forest plots for examination of heterogeneity. The quality of included studies was assessed. Results Seventeen studies including 2564 women were selected from 19 959 potential papers. Following meta-analysis, the presence of a gestational sac on ultrasound examination was found to predict an intrauterine pregnancy with a sensitivity of 52.8% (95% CI, 38.2-66.9%) and specificity of 97.6% (95% CI, 94.3-99.0%). The corresponding performance of the double decidual sac sign, intradecidual sign, chorionic rim sign and yolk sac were: 81.8% (95% CI, 68.1-90.4%) and 97.3% (95% CI, 76.1-99.8%); 66.1% (95% CI, 58.9-72.8%) and 100% (95% CI, 91.0-100%); 79.9% (95% CI, 73.0-85.7%) and 97.1% (95% CI, 89.9-99.6%); and 42.2% (95% CI, 27.7-57.9%) and 100% (95% CI, 54.1-100%), respectively. Conclusion Visualization of a gestational sac, double decidual sac sign, intradecidual sign or chorionic rim sign increases the probability of an intrauterine pregnancy but is not as accurate for diagnosis as the detection of the yolk sac. However, the findings were limited by the small number and poor quality of the studies included and heterogeneity in the index test and reference standard. Copyright © 2014 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate differences between international fetal centers in their treatment of twin-twin transfusion syndrome ( TTTS) by fetoscopic placental laser coagulation. Methods Fetal therapy centers worldwide were sent a web-based questionnaire. Participants were identified through networks and through scientific presentations and papers. Questions included physician and center demographics, treatment criteria, operative technique and instrumentation. Laser treatment was compared between low-volume (< 20 procedures/year) and high-volume (≥ 20 procedures/year) centers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results Of 106 fetal therapy specialists approached, 76 (72%) from 64 centers in 25 countries responded. Of these, 48% (31/64) of centers and 63% (48/76) of operators performed fewer than 20 laser procedures annually. Comparison of low- and high-volume centers showed differences in technique, gestational age limits for treatment and geography. High-volume centers more often used the Solomon technique and applied wider gestational age limits for treatment. Europe and Asia had more high-volume centers, whereas South America, the Middle East and Australia had mainly low-volume centers. Conclusion This survey revealed significant differences between fetal centers in several aspects of fetoscopic placental laser therapy for TTTS. Increasing awareness of TTTS, and of laser coagulation as its preferred treatment, will lead to an increase in centers offering this modality, especially in Asia, Africa, South America and the Middle East. Considering the rarity of TTTS and the relative complexity of the procedure, developing international guidelines for techniques, instrumentation and suggested minimum volumes per center may aid in optimizing perinatal outcome. Copyright © 2014 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents abstracts of papers about second and third trimester Doppler presented at the 10th World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, held in October 2000 in Zagreb, Croatia. Inclusion of 'Fetal cerebral and adrenal blood velocimetry in predicting hypoxia of the fetus,' by G.H. Breborowicz et al; 'The flow redistribution toward the brain: Beneficial and adverse effects on the fetal outcome in hypertensive pregnancies,' by A. Salihagic et al.

Presents abstracts of papers about gynecological ultrasound, presented at the 10th World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, held in Zagreb, Croatia in October 2000. Inclusion of 'Transvaginal sonographic and Color/Power Doppler evaluation of cervical carcinoma,' by M.E. Romanini, C. Exacoustos, M. Congiu and others; 'Sonographic preoperative assessment of myometrial invasion in endometrial cancer,' by C. Exacoustos and others.

The article discusses the policies for the submission of papers to the journal "Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology."

An abstract of the conference paper "3D/4D ultrasound-diagnostic value in the assessment of anomalies affecting specific limb segments or bones," by M. Momtaz and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Assessment of fetal myocardial performance using standard and modified Tei index in normal population" by D. Pedraza and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Establishing new standards for monitoring controlled ovarian stimulation using 3D-transvaginal ultrasound plus automated volume count (SonoAVC)" by M. Murtinger and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Fetal gender: A case of discrepancy between amniocentesis and ultrasound examination," by J. A. Duyos is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Therapeutical options of Cesarean scar pregnancy: experience of a University Hospital," by M. Bij de Vaate, and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Association between first trimester PAPP-A and adverse pregnancy outcome," by A. Hagen, and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "The value of assessment of patient history and pain and bleeding scores prior to early pregnancy transvaginal ultrasound assessment," by C. Bottomley, and colleagues is presented.

Presents abstracts of papers given at the 10th World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, held in October 2000 in Zagreb, Croatia. 'Sonographic tissue characterization based on the parameters derived from computerized processing of gray level data,' by Z. Leibovitz, S. Degani, L. Shapiro and G. Ohel; 'Recurrent non immune hydrops fetalis in parents with shared HLA DR and DQ,' by R. Perez Fernandez et al.

An abstract of the research paper "Prediction of Delivery Mode Using Ultrasound Measurements and Digital Examinations," by W.A. Hassan and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Ultrasound and Signs of Invasive Placenta: Systematic Review and Meta Analysis," by F. D'Antonio and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "The ISUOG Phantom Pilot Study: Does the Preset Matter?" by R.G. Axell and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Prediction of Fetal Compromise Using Ultrasound in Low-Risk Postdates Pregnancies," by A. Khalil and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "The Perception of Mothers Attending Second Trimester Anomaly Ultrasound Towards Current and Future Pregnancy," by S. Abdullah is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Feasibility of Automated Transcerebellar Axial Plane Finder Using 3-Dimensional Volume of the Fetal Posterior Fossa," by I. Lee and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Automatic Fetal Head Detection on Video Clips From a Low-Cost Portable USB Ultrasound (US) Device," by M. Maraci and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Correlation Between Left Modified Myocardial Performance Index and Fetal Doppler Parameters in Pregnancies With Placental Insufficiency," by R.M. Nomura and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Intraperitoneal Prolapse of the Amniocele Through a Myometrial Defect at 32 Weeks' Gestation in a Primigravida Female Without Previous Uterine Scar," by M. Mishina and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Musculoskeletal Intervention In Pregnancy-Buttock, Lumbar Spine And Sciatic Nerve," by W. Cormick and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Ultrasound Measurement of Central Subcutaneous Adiposity to Assess Risk of Adverse Outcome in Pregnancy," by N. Kennedy and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Who should perform obstetrics ultrasound in the primary health care centers? A need to be consequent with our reality," by F.A. Guerra and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Prevalence of 3D/4D Articles Published in Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology and Preference for 3D/4D Terms Used," by J. Deng is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Challenges to ultrasound training in obstetrics and gynecology: a survey across three Scandinavian countries," by M.G. Tolsgaard and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Sonographic Cervical Length and Systemic Inflammation in the Third Trimester and the Risk of Preterm Delivery in Asymptomatic Women With Twin Pregnancies: A Retrospective Case-Control Study," by S. Lee and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "HCG Assay Error, HCG Ratio and False Positive Rates for Non-Viable Pregnancies," by M. Mongelli and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Clinical Features in Monochorionic Diamniotc Twin Pregnancies With Large Intertwin Hemoglobin Difference at Births," by A. Mabuchi and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Ectopic Pregnancy and Ultrasonography: Two Interesting Cases of Live Early Secondary Abdominal Pregnancy of 12-14 Gestational Weeks," by H.V. Oza and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Time Interval Assessment of Ventricular Inflow Patterns in Normal Singleton Fetuses," by Y. Kurihara and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Normal Level of the Three-Vessel View and Its Clinical Application," by T. Tanaka and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Dichorionic Diamniotic Twin Gestation Affected With Paternal Disomy 14 (patUPD14)," by S. Brennan and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Deep Venous Thrombus and Superficial Thrombophlebitis in Pregnancy," by D. Coghlan and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Case Report: A Rare Case of HOLT-ORAM Syndrome in a Twin Pregnancy," by A.S. Kondylios and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Offline Reproducibility Assessment of IOTA Simple Rules by OB/GYN Trainees," by J. Alcazar and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Compare the Fetal Posterior Fossa in Normal and Chromosomal Abnormalities at 11-13 + 6 Weeks' Gestation in Chinese Population," by C. Hsiao and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "An Unusual Sonographic Appearance of a Complete Hydatidiform Molar Pregnancy Compared to More Typical Gestational Trophoblastic Disease: A Case Study," by R.C. Smith and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Tele-Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology: Implementation, Image Quality Analysis and Clinical Application of a Low-Cost and Easy-to-Use Platform," by A.C. Ferreira and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Uterine Artery Doppler in Predicting Pregnancy Outcome in Women With Chronic Hypertension," by G.I. Rencoret and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "A Comparative Evaluation of a Simplified, Low-Cost Ultrasound Protocol With Standard Obstetrical Ultrasonography in the Recognition of Common Prenatal Diagnoses," by G. Morey and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Obstetrical Ultrasound Simulator As a Tool For Auditing Routine Practice of Experienced Sonographers," by V. Bernardi and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Opening of the Uterine Isthmus at 11-13 Weeks' Gestation is Not Related to Developmental Abnormalities of the Placenta," by J. Hasegawa and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Fundal Length Decreases in First Trimester Pregnancies of Women Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization Treatment," by M.N. Baumgarten and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Associations Between Perinatal Outcome and Doppler Indices of Ductus Venosus and Aortic Isthmus in Term Small-For-Gestational Age Fetuses With Both an Estimated Fetal Weight Below the 3rd Percentile and Normal Umbilical Arterial Doppler: 5 Case Reports," by T. Mishima and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the research paper "Three-Dimensional (3D) Ultrasound ( US) Imaging of the Levator Hiatus in Singleton and Twin Pregnancies: A Comparative Study," by J.S. Kubotani and colleagues is presented.