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The article presents a study that aims to find out measurement reliability when images were obtained by some operators with varying ultrasound experience. It cites that intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) having 95 percent confidence interval (CI) were used to measure interobserver reliability and Bland-Altman test was used to assess interobserver agreement. It states that transperineal ultrasound imaging's angle of progression measurement is reliable despite ultrasound experience.

Objective To describe the course and outcome of fetuses with absent or reversed end-diastolic (ARED) flow in the umbilical artery (UA) and to examine the influence of prematurity according to gestational age at delivery. Methods Sixty pregnancies complicated by ARED flow in the UA were monitored by repeat Doppler measurements of arterial and venous vessels, non-stress tests (cardiotocogram (CTG)) and maternal investigations, and were delivered between 24 and 14 weeks. Fetal outcome was investigated and compared to a control group of appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) preterm neonates, matched for gestational age. Mortality, birth weight, Apgar scores, postnatal cord arterial pH and need for ventilation were all recorded, as were cases of respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, persistent ductus arteriosus, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, abnormal neurological findings and those requiring surgical intervention. Additionally, the group of fetuses with ARED flow was divided into three subgroups of different degrees of prematurity (delivery between 24 + 0 and 28 + 6 weeks, delivery between 29 + 0 and 31 + 6 weeks, and delivery after 32 weeks) and compared according to the above parameters. Results Pre- or postnatal death occurred in 16 cases. Comparing the 44 (61%) that were born alive with the AGA neonates, significant differences were found in birth weight (P < 0.001), arterial pH value (P < 0001), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P = 0.002) and intestinal complications (P < 0.01). Prematurity-related complications were: need for ventilation (P = 0.00 1), respiratory distress syndrome (P < 0.0001), periventricular leukomalacia (P = 0.002) and pathological neurological testing (P = 0.005). Conclusions Neonates displaying ARED flow before birth are growth restricted, acidemic at delivery and are at high risk of developing broncho pulmonary dysplasia and intestinal complications. While perinatal mortality seems to be related to abnormal fetal Doppler velocimetry, age at delivery has a significant impact on short-term morbidity. After 32 weeks, morbidity is low and delivery should be considered. It could be speculated from our data that prolongation of pregnancy with Doppler velocimetry monitoring could help to reduce morbidity, although prolongation remains limited in most cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound image of right-sided aortic arch with vascular ring and aberrant subclavian artery. Two typical forms of a right aortic arch can be distinguished, which in one condition a vascular ring is found called U-sign prenatally. The prenatal diagnosis showed that the trachea and esophagus are entrapped between the arch and the left ductus arteriosus.

Prenatal suspicion of esophageal atresia is usually based on the finding of a small or absent fetal stomach in association with polyhydramnios. As similar findings may be generated by other abnormalities, confirmation of the diagnosis is generally not possible until birth. We present a case in which the suspicion of esophageal atresia was raised in the 22nd week of pregnancy in the presence of a small stomach bubble associated with a persistent left superior vena cava. The diagnosis was confirmed 4 weeks later by direct visualization of the fluid-filled blind-ending esophagus during fetal swallowing, which we called the upper neck pouch sign. This is the first case in which the onset of this sonographic entity was specifically observed on serially repeated sonograms as early as the 22nd week. The appearance of this direct sign of esophageal atresia is described, and the literature is reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract of the conference paper "Intrapartum assessment of fetal head descent: A feasibility study using three dimensional transperineal ultrasound" by C. E. Macpherson and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the article "Three-Dimensional Power Doppler Sonography in the diagnosis of Arteriovenous Malformations of the uterus and treated by selective uterine artery embolization," by C. Bamberg and colleagues, is presented.

AbstractThe prenatal sonographic features of a fetus with right-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia diagnosed at 33 weeks are presented. Color Doppler demonstrated an abnormal course of the right renal artery, arising from the aorta and feeding the intrathoracic right kidney. This case report stresses the role of color Doppler in defining which organs have herniated in fetuses with diaphragmatic hernia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigates fetal heart hemodynamics with the use of spectral and color Doppler ultrasound. Features and advantages of power Doppler ultrasound; Visualization of the crossing of the aorta and pulmonary artery; Three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound of the crossing of the great vessels; Use of the Philips-ATL Ultrasound machine HDI-500 with integrated Color Power Angio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]