85 results on '"Testicular Neoplasms complications"'
Search Results
2. Bilateral Leydig Cell Tumors in Klinefelter Patient: A Case Report.
- Author
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Crook D and Cary C
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Klinefelter Syndrome complications, Leydig Cell Tumor complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Rare Case of Mixed Germ Cell Tumor With Leiomyosarcoma in Bilateral Undescended Testis.
- Author
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Pareek T, Parmar K, Mandal S, Aggarwal D, Gude G, and Chatterji D
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Male, Cryptorchidism complications, Leiomyosarcoma complications, Mixed Tumor, Malignant complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. An Excessive Testosterone Producing Testicular Leydig Cell Tumor as a Rare Cause of Secondary Acquired Erythrocytosis.
- Author
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Deruyver Y, Gabriel C, Debussche S, Waterloos M, Huybrechts S, Dekuyper P, Ameye F, Dierick J, and Van Baelen A
- Subjects
- Aged, Humans, Leydig Cell Tumor complications, Male, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Leydig Cell Tumor metabolism, Polycythemia etiology, Testicular Neoplasms metabolism, Testosterone biosynthesis
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Paratesticular Rhabdomyosarcoma Presenting With a Giant Abdominoscrotal Hydrocele in a Toddler.
- Author
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Matsumoto F, Onitake Y, and Shimada K
- Subjects
- Abdominal Cavity, Combined Modality Therapy, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Infant, Male, Rhabdomyosarcoma diagnosis, Testicular Hydrocele diagnosis, Testicular Hydrocele therapy, Testicular Neoplasms diagnosis, Testicular Neoplasms therapy, Testis diagnostic imaging, Testis pathology, Ultrasonography, Rhabdomyosarcoma complications, Testicular Hydrocele complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in infants and children. Paratesticular RMS accounts for approximately 7% of all RMSs. It commonly presents as a painless scrotal mass, which is usually distinct from the testis. We report an unusual case of paratesticular RMS presenting with a giant abdominoscrotal hydrocele in a toddler. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of paratesticular RMS presenting with an abdominoscrotal hydrocele., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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6. A Paratesticular Serous Borderline Tumor in a Pediatric Patient With Proteus Syndrome.
- Author
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Klaassen Z, Fox PJ, McLees L, Zheng M, Sharma S, Donohoe JM, and Neal DE Jr
- Subjects
- Humans, Infant, Male, Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous complications, Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous surgery, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testicular Neoplasms surgery, Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous pathology, Proteus Syndrome complications, Testicular Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Proteus syndrome is a rare disorder of asymmetric overgrowth of various tissues of the body and is associated with specific tumors appearing before the second decade. Although there have been reports of lesions of the genitourinary tract associated with Proteus syndrome, a case of serous borderline tumor of the paratestis has not been previously recorded. We report the first such case in a 20-month-old child who presented with a left-sided testicular mass that was found on histology to be a serous borderline tumor of the paratestis. Surgical management included a left inguinal radical orchiectomy and surveillance follow-up., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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7. Testicular tumor detected within 1 year after orchiopexy in a 2-year-old boy.
- Author
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Oh MM, Kim JW, Kim JW, Chae JY, Yoon CY, Kim JJ, Park MG, and Moon du G
- Subjects
- Cryptorchidism complications, Endodermal Sinus Tumor complications, Endodermal Sinus Tumor surgery, Humans, Infant, Male, Orchiectomy, Postoperative Period, Scrotum surgery, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testicular Neoplasms surgery, Testis pathology, Testis surgery, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Cryptorchidism surgery, Endodermal Sinus Tumor diagnosis, Orchiopexy, Testicular Neoplasms diagnosis
- Abstract
The cause of testicular cancer remains controversial and thought to be multifactorial. However, more recent data show that carcinogenic potential of altered testicular environment might induce cancer and that early surgical correction might decrease the chance of cancer development. We report a case of a 20-month-old boy who underwent radical orchiectomy because of testicular cancer detected 9 months after orchiopexy of undescended testis., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Early prenatal detection of an intra-abdominal cryptorchid testicular teratoma.
- Author
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Janda GM, Najdzionek JS, Kozielski R, Greenfield SP, and Williot PE
- Subjects
- Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Cryptorchidism complications, Cryptorchidism diagnostic imaging, Teratoma complications, Teratoma diagnostic imaging, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testicular Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Ultrasonography, Prenatal
- Abstract
Intra-abdominal prenatally detected testicular neoplasms are rare; however, increased use of prenatal ultrasonography has led to the discovery of these uncommon neoplasms. We report the fifth case of a prenatally detected intra-abdominal testicular teratoma, which, in this instance, was detected early in pregnancy as a cystic mass within the fetal abdomen that subsequently underwent torsion later in pregnancy before delivery., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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9. Outcome analysis of tumors in undescended testes--a single center experience of 15 years.
- Author
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Saini AK, Regmi S, Seth A, Narayan R, Singh P, and Dogra PN
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Cryptorchidism complications, Cryptorchidism therapy, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal complications, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal therapy, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testicular Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
Objective: To present our experience in managing tumors in undescended testes (UDT) in the last 15 years at our institute, in an attempt to understand the tumor behavior and the optimum approach to management in these patients., Methods: This is a retrospective review of all patients with tumors in UDT who had registered and undergone treatment at our institute in the last 15 years. The available records of 50 of these patients were reviewed with respect to the presentation, pathologic type, treatment schedule followed, and the survival and recurrence statistics., Results: There were 23 patients with seminomatous and 27 with nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. The median follow-up was 21 months (range, 4-180). The 5-year recurrence-free survival was 77.5% in patients receiving chemotherapy first and 59.5% in patients being operated first. There were 4 disease-related deaths in our patients. The 5-year overall survival estimates were 100% for stage I disease, 93.75% for stage II disease, and 76.10% for stage III disease., Conclusion: Most patients with UDT still presented at a higher stage, that is, stage II or stage III disease. Patients receiving chemotherapy first had lesser recurrences than those being operated first. Overall survival was dependent on the stage at presentation and comparable with the rates commonly seen for germ cell tumors in the normally descended testes., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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10. Editorial comment.
- Author
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Farhat WA
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Cryptorchidism complications, Cryptorchidism therapy, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal complications, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal therapy, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testicular Neoplasms therapy
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Germ cell tumor in an adolescent with extensive testicular microlithiasis: concerns regarding future management.
- Author
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Cambareri GM, Reiley EA, and Hensle TW
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human blood, Humans, Male, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal blood, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal pathology, Orchiectomy, Testicular Neoplasms blood, Testicular Neoplasms pathology, alpha-Fetoproteins metabolism, Calculi complications, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal complications, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal surgery, Testicular Diseases complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testicular Neoplasms surgery
- Abstract
We report on a 14-year-old boy with bilateral testicular microlithiasis and a right-sided testicular tumor. Tumor markers alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and β-human chorionic gonadrotropin (β-hCG) levels were elevated and orchiectomy revealed a mixed germ cell tumor consisting of embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma, and mature teratoma. The patient had no evidence of metastatic disease. Although there is a strong association between testicular microlithiasis and testicular tumor, the pediatric literature is varying in the recommended surveillance of these patients. The literature and management of pediatric patients with testicular microlithiasis is herein reviewed., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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12. Testicular capillary hemangioma presenting as an incidental contralateral lesion in a child with cryptorchidism.
- Author
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Sheu GL, Hammer Y, and Kirsch AJ
- Subjects
- Biopsy, Child, Cryptorchidism diagnosis, Cryptorchidism surgery, Diagnosis, Differential, Hemangioma, Capillary diagnosis, Hemangioma, Capillary surgery, Humans, Male, Orchiectomy, Testicular Neoplasms diagnosis, Testicular Neoplasms surgery, Testis diagnostic imaging, Testis pathology, Testis surgery, Ultrasonography, Cryptorchidism complications, Hemangioma, Capillary complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Testicular capillary hemangioma is a rare benign vascular lesion. Appropriate recognition is paramount to ensuring testicular preservation. The authors present a case with an atypical presentation along with a review of the literature. Classic epidemiologic, clinical, and pathologic characteristics, as well as recommended surgical intervention are provided., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2012
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13. Editorial comment.
- Author
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Meuleman EJ
- Subjects
- Deficiency Diseases diagnosis, Deficiency Diseases etiology, Humans, Male, Testicular Neoplasms therapy, Androgens deficiency, Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological etiology, Testicular Neoplasms blood, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testosterone blood
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Androgen deficiency symptoms in testicular cancer survivors are associated with sexual problems but not with serum testosterone or therapy.
- Author
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Lackner JE, Koller A, Schatzl G, Marberger M, and Kratzik C
- Subjects
- Adult, Deficiency Diseases diagnosis, Deficiency Diseases etiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal therapy, Seminoma therapy, Survivors, Testicular Neoplasms therapy, Androgens deficiency, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal blood, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal complications, Seminoma blood, Seminoma complications, Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological etiology, Testicular Neoplasms blood, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testosterone blood
- Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the association between androgen deficiency symptoms and sexual function, serum testosterone, and therapy in testicular cancer survivors (TCS)., Methods: A total of 83 patients treated for testicular cancer were investigated. All patients completed the International Index of Erectile Function-15 and the Aging Males Symptoms scale. Age, months of follow-up, treatment modality, and serum testosterone levels were measured. Scores for the erectile function, orgasmic function, sexual desire, intercourse satisfaction, and overall satisfaction subdomains of the International Index of Erectile Function-15 were calculated., Results: Overall, almost half (47.0%) of TCS experienced clinical symptoms of androgen deficiency, 28.9% had erectile dysfunction, and 25.3% had laboratory-proven hypogonadism. TCS with clinical symptoms of androgen deficiency were significantly older (median age 45.0 vs 37.5 years, P = .001) and had a longer follow-up (median follow-up 48.0 vs 39.5 months, P = .985, respectively) than TCS without symptoms. TCS with clinical symptoms had significantly lower scores for erectile function (P = .004), orgasmic function (P = .05), sexual desire (P = .001), intercourse satisfaction (P = .005), and overall satisfaction (P = .001) than those without symptoms. The aging males' symptoms correlated significantly with erectile dysfunction (r = -0.410, P = .001). In TCS with symptoms, age (r = -0.457, P = .003), but not treatment modalities (r = 0.223, P = .173) or testosterone levels (r = 0.205, P = .210), correlated with sexual function., Conclusions: Clinical symptoms of androgen deficiency were associated with sexual problems and increasing age, but not with serum testosterone or treatment.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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15. Organ-sparing microsurgical resection of incidental testicular tumors plus microdissection for sperm extraction and cryopreservation in azoospermic patients: surgical aspects and technical refinements.
- Author
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Hallak J, Cocuzza M, Sarkis AS, Athayde KS, Cerri GG, and Srougi M
- Subjects
- Adult, Azoospermia complications, Humans, Male, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male methods, Azoospermia surgery, Cryopreservation, Microsurgery, Testicular Neoplasms surgery, Tissue and Organ Harvesting
- Abstract
Introduction: The management of nonpalpable testicular masses is a challenging task, and coexisting infertility can further complicate the treatment decisions. We present our technique for microsurgical organ-sparing resection of incidental nonpalpable testicular nodules combined with microdissection for testicular sperm extraction and tissue cryopreservation in azoospermic patients., Technical Considerations: Five infertile patients with azoospermia presented with nonpalpable hypoechoic testicular masses that were detected by ultrasonography and underwent organ-sparing surgery. The testis was delivered through an inguinal incision, and the blood circulation was interrupted with a vascular clamp placed on the spermatic cord. Sludged ice was used to prevent warm ischemia, and a temperature probe was used to control the temperature at 12 degrees-15 degrees C. Real-time reflex ultrasonography was used to locate the tumor, and a stereotaxic hook-shaped needle was inserted under ultrasound guidance. The needle was placed adjacent to the tumor to guide the microsurgical resection. The tunica albuginea was incised over the tumor, which was dissected and removed, along with the adjoining parenchymal tissue. Frozen section studies were performed and, if malignancy was confirmed, biopsies of the tumor cavity margins and remaining parenchyma were obtained to ensure the absence of residual tumor. Microdissection was performed for excision of selected enlarged tubules that were processed and cryopreserved., Conclusions: We present a technique for microsurgical organ-sparing resection of testicular tumor and sperm extraction that can be used in selected infertile patients with azoospermia in whom incidental masses have been diagnosed by ultrasonography. This conservative approach should be especially considered for patients with a solitary testis or bilateral tumors.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding from pure metastatic choriocarcinoma in patient with mixed germ cell tumor with subclinical intestinal metastasis.
- Author
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Cicin I, Ozyilmaz F, Karagol H, Yalcin F, Uzunoglu S, and Kaplan M
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Young Adult, Choriocarcinoma complications, Choriocarcinoma secondary, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage etiology, Ileal Neoplasms complications, Ileal Neoplasms secondary, Jejunal Neoplasms complications, Jejunal Neoplasms secondary, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal complications, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal secondary, Neoplasms, Multiple Primary complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testicular Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Although testicular germ cell tumors have become curable neoplasms, a better understanding of the clinicopathologic features is needed for the rare manifestations associated with treatment failure. We report a rare case of metastatic pure choriocarcinoma involving the small intestine arising from a testicular mixed germ cell tumor. In a patient who developed massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage during treatment, the intestinal metastases and focus of bleeding could only be determined by laparotomy. We propose an approach for the determination of subclinical intestinal metastases of testicular germ cell tumor; the case is discussed in light of similar reports in literature.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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17. Testicular microlithiasis in patients with scrotal symptoms and its relationship to testicular tumors.
- Author
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Kosan M, Gonulalan U, Ugurlu O, Oztekin V, Akdemir O, and Adsan O
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Infertility, Male complications, Male, Pain complications, Testicular Diseases pathology, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testicular Neoplasms pathology, Lithiasis complications, Scrotum, Testicular Diseases complications, Testicular Neoplasms diagnosis
- Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate in a prospective study the coexistence of testicular microlithiasis with various scrotal pathologies and the relationship with testicular tumors in symptomatic patients presenting with various scrotal complaints., Methods: A total of 197 male patients of reproductive age who applied to our clinic between December 2004 and June 2005 with various scrotal complaints were included in the study. Patient complaints were of pain, swelling, smallness of the testes, and infertility. Patients were evaluated according to their medical history, scrotal ultrasonograms, tumor markers, and hormone profiles after physical examination. Independent t test and Fisher's exact test were used for statistical analysis., Results: The mean (+/-SD) age of the 197 patients was 28.3 +/- 8.5 years. Pathologic findings were testicular tumors (1.8%), cryptorchidism (3.5%), varicoceles (75%), hydroceles (9.8%), epididymal cysts (9%), and atrophic testes (0.9%). Testicular tumors were found in 4 patients, and testicular microlithiasis was observed in 3 (75%) of these patients. Testicular microlithiasis ratios were determined as 25% in cryptorchidism, 6.5% in varicocele, 23% in hydrocele, 10% in epididymal cyst, and 50% in atrophic testes. The rate of testicular microlithiasis was significantly higher in patients with testicular tumors. The mean follow-up of patients was 19.5 months (range, 16 to 23 months), during which no new cancer case was detected., Conclusions: Testicular microlithiasis was more frequently observed in patients presenting with mass lesions and testicular tumors. Our findings suggest that symptomatic patients should be warned and kept aware of this issue, particularly if they have risk factors for testicular cancer.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
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18. Hypogonadism and androgen deficiency symptoms in testicular cancer survivors.
- Author
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Lackner JE, Märk I, Schatzl G, Marberger M, and Kratzik C
- Subjects
- Adult, Androgens blood, Humans, Hypogonadism blood, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Testicular Neoplasms blood, Testicular Neoplasms therapy, Androgens deficiency, Hypogonadism epidemiology, Survivors, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of hypogonadism in correlation with androgen deficiency symptoms in testicular cancer survivors., Methods: Luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, serum testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and sex hormone binding globulin levels were determined in patients who had undergone treatment for unilateral testicular cancer. Patients with serum testosterone levels less than 3.0 ng/mL were classified as hypogonadal; all other testosterone levels signified eugonadism. Additionally, all patients completed the Aging Males' Symptoms scale: scores of less than 26 indicated no androgen deficiency symptoms and scores greater than 27 indicated symptoms., Results: According to testosterone level, 18 (26.5%) of 68 patients were hypogonadal and 50 (73.5%) were eugonadal (P = 0.456). According to the Aging Males' Symptoms scale, 23 (33.8%) of the 68 patients had androgen deficiency symptoms and 45 (66.2%) had no symptoms (P = 0.267). The median testosterone level was 3.6 ng/mL in all patients with androgen deficiency symptoms, 2.4 ng/mL in patients with androgen deficiency symptoms who were hypogonadal, and 4.7 ng/mL in those with androgen deficiency symptoms who were eugonadal., Conclusions: Testicular cancer survivors are at risk of developing hypogonadism and androgen deficiency symptoms. However, no specific testosterone threshold could be detected at which symptoms start, indicating that each patient has an individual testosterone threshold for androgen deficiency symptoms.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
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19. Health behaviors and depressive symptoms in testicular cancer survivors.
- Author
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Shinn EH, Basen-Engquist K, Thornton B, Spiess PE, and Pisters L
- Subjects
- Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression epidemiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Depression etiology, Health Behavior, Survivors, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Objectives: Testicular cancer has one of the highest 5-year survival rates of all cancer sites. The survival period is marked by an increased risk of secondary cancer and cardiovascular events owing to treatment-related toxicities. The purposes of this cross-sectional study were to determine the prevalence of health behaviors and depressive symptoms and to assess the relationship between depression and health behaviors in survivors of testicular cancer., Methods: A total of 162 survivors of testicular cancer 2 to 10 years after their diagnosis completed a one-time telephone interview. The interview included a battery of questions from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System assessing health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, cholesterol screening, colorectal cancer screening, alcohol consumption, and fruit and vegetable intake) and the Centers for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) questionnaire assessing depressive symptoms., Results: The interviews revealed a low prevalence of positive health behaviors among survivors of testicular cancer. The percentage (17.5%) of survivors of testicular cancer who scored above the cutoff on the CES-D was greater than that (11%) of large-scale population-based estimates in men aged 19 to 44 years. Smoking was significantly related to depression. Depressive symptoms (CES-D score) differed significantly depending on smoking status (current smokers, mean = 15.2; former smokers, mean = 6.2, P <0.001; and never smokers, mean = 8.7, P <0.001)., Conclusions: Given the increased risk of cancer and treatment-related morbidities of these survivors, the findings of this study suggest that healthcare professionals should encourage survivors of testicular cancer to engage in positive health behaviors and check for depressive symptoms.
- Published
- 2007
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20. Cavernous hemangioma of tunica albuginea testis manifesting as testicular pain.
- Author
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Erdag G, Kwon EO, Lizza EF, and Shevchuk M
- Subjects
- Adult, Hemangioma, Cavernous diagnosis, Humans, Male, Testicular Neoplasms diagnosis, Hemangioma, Cavernous complications, Pain etiology, Testicular Diseases etiology, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Cavernous hemangioma of the tunica albuginea of the testis is very rare; only 2 cases have been reported in published studies. Both cases presented as testicular masses. We report what we believe to be the third case of cavernous hemangioma of the tunica albuginea that manifested as pain without any mass.
- Published
- 2006
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21. Mixed germ cell tumor in intra-abdominal testis associated with ipsilateral ectopic dysplastic kidney.
- Author
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Yoon CY, Kang SG, Yoon DH, Lee JH, Kim IS, and Yoon DK
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Male, Cryptorchidism complications, Germinoma complications, Kidney abnormalities, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Testicular tumor of the cryptorchid testis associated with renal dysplasia is relatively infrequent and indicates maldevelopment during embryogenesis. We report a case of a 31-year-old man with a mixed germ cell tumor found in an intra-abdominal testis associated with an ipsilateral ectopic dysplastic kidney. He underwent orchiectomy with partial cystectomy. Simple nephrectomy was also performed. No evidence of disease recurrence was found at 16 months of follow-up.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
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22. Rhabdomyosarcoma of tunica vaginalis masquerading as hydrocele.
- Author
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Zaslau S, Perlmutter AE, Farivar-Mohseni H, Chang WW, and Kandzari SJ
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Male, Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal complications, Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal pathology, Testicular Hydrocele complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testicular Neoplasms pathology, Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal diagnosis, Testicular Hydrocele diagnosis, Testicular Neoplasms diagnosis
- Abstract
Paratesticular rhabdomyosarcomas are rare tumors with aggressive growth patterns. Multimodal therapy with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy provides the patient with an excellent long-term prognosis. These tumors often present in the first two decades after birth. We report on the case of an 18-year-old man with a paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
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23. Unilateral testicular mass in man with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: unusual presentation of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia sequela.
- Author
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Corcoran NM, Tsui A, Costello AJ, and Bouchier-Hayes D
- Subjects
- Aged, Humans, Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic pathology, Male, Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic complications, Sarcoma, Myeloid complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Extramedullary myeloid cell tumors are discrete tissue infiltrations by leukemic cells of myeloid lineage. They are more commonly associated with relapsing acute myelogenous leukemia but can occur in myeloproliferative/myelodysplastic leukemia, usually associated with disease acceleration. Although they can occur in any organ, reported testicular infiltration is rare. We describe the clinical presentation of an extramedullary myeloid cell tumor as a unilateral testicular mass in a man with known chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and its histologic diagnosis. To our knowledge, this manner of presentation is unique in this clinical context.
- Published
- 2005
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24. Absence of constitutional Y chromosome AZF deletions in patients with testicular germ cell tumors.
- Author
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Lutke Holzik MF, Storm K, Sijmons RH, D'hollander M, Arts EG, Verstraaten ML, Sleijfer DT, and Hoekstra HJ
- Subjects
- Cryptorchidism genetics, DNA Mutational Analysis, Genetic Loci, Germinoma complications, Humans, Infertility, Male genetics, Lymphocytes chemistry, Male, Oligospermia etiology, Oligospermia genetics, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Seminoma complications, Seminoma genetics, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Chromosome Deletion, Chromosomes, Human, Y ultrastructure, Germinoma genetics, Infertility, Male etiology, Seminal Plasma Proteins genetics, Testicular Neoplasms genetics
- Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the frequency of azoospermia factor (AZF) deletions in Dutch patients with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs). Reduced fertility is associated with TGCTs and reduced fertility and TGCTs might share genetic risk factors according to the testicular dysgenesis hypothesis. Up to 8% of infertility and reduced fertility in the general male population can be explained by the presence of constitutional deletions of part of the long arm of the Y chromosome (Yq11), referred to as the AZF region., Methods: In 112 patients with TGCT, screening for constitutional deletions in the AZF region was performed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction analysis in DNA extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes. A set of 24 primer pairs, of which 20 primer pairs are homologous to previously identified and mapped sequenced tag sites within the AZF region were used., Results: No deletions in the Yq11 region were detected in any of the 112 patients., Conclusions: Large Y chromosome microdeletions in the AZF region are not a major contributor to the development of TGCT and TGCT-associated reduced fertility.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
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25. Management of nonpalpable testicular tumors.
- Author
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Sheynkin YR, Sukkarieh T, Lipke M, Cohen HL, and Schulsinger DA
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Germinoma complications, Germinoma diagnostic imaging, Germinoma surgery, Humans, Infertility, Male etiology, Leydig Cell Tumor complications, Leydig Cell Tumor diagnostic imaging, Leydig Cell Tumor surgery, Male, Microdissection, Orchiectomy, Pain etiology, Sensitivity and Specificity, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testicular Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Testicular Neoplasms surgery, Ultrasonography, Germinoma diagnosis, Leydig Cell Tumor diagnosis, Palpation, Testicular Neoplasms diagnosis
- Abstract
Objectives: To report our series of nonpalpable testicular tumors with a review of published studies. Radical orchiectomy remains the reference standard in the treatment of a solid testicular mass. Testis-sparing surgery has recently been advocated for a select group of patients with nonpalpable tumors., Methods: Between 1998 and 2002, a nonpalpable testicular mass was discovered in 9 patients. Ultrasonography was performed for infertility evaluation (5 patients), testicular pain (3 patients), and retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy (1 patient)., Results: Radical orchiectomy was performed in 7 of 9 patients and testis-sparing surgery with microsurgical excision of tumor in 1 patient. One patient decided against surgery. A benign testicular tumor was found in 6 and a malignant tumor in 2 of the 8 patients., Conclusions: A high incidence of benign nonpalpable tumor and an advanced microsurgical technique justifies organ-sparing surgery as an alternative for radical orchiectomy in a select group of patients. Testicular preservation in patients with a malignant nonpalpable testicular tumor is a feasible, but still controversial, approach.
- Published
- 2004
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26. Fertility after high-dose chemotherapy for testicular cancer.
- Author
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Ishikawa T, Kamidono S, and Fujisawa M
- Subjects
- Adult, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Carboplatin administration & dosage, Carboplatin adverse effects, Cisplatin administration & dosage, Cisplatin adverse effects, Combined Modality Therapy, Estradiol blood, Etoposide administration & dosage, Etoposide adverse effects, Follicle Stimulating Hormone blood, Humans, Ifosfamide administration & dosage, Ifosfamide adverse effects, Infertility, Male blood, Luteinizing Hormone blood, Male, Oligospermia blood, Oligospermia chemically induced, Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation, Prolactin blood, Sperm Count, Sperm Motility drug effects, Spermatogenesis drug effects, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testicular Neoplasms therapy, Testosterone blood, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols adverse effects, Fertility drug effects, Infertility, Male chemically induced, Testicular Neoplasms drug therapy
- Abstract
Objectives: To describe long-term gonadal function after high-dose chemotherapy (HDC). HDC for testicular cancer was recently developed. The evaluation of testicular function after chemotherapy for testicular cancer is an important part of overall care, especially in young patients., Methods: Between 1994 and 2001, 27 patients underwent HDC (1250 mg/m2 carboplatin, 1500 mg/m2 etoposide, and 7.5 g/m2 ifosfamide) at Kobe University Hospital. Information on gonadal function during follow-up was available for 10 of these patients. The mean patient age +/- SD at treatment was 32.2 +/- 8.4 years. The relationships among age at treatment, semen analysis, serum hormone levels (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, prolactin, and estradiol), cumulative dose of cisplatin and carboplatin, and length of follow-up were determined., Results: Spermatogenesis recovered after cessation of HDC in 5 of 10 patients. Semen analysis in these patients showed the mean sperm concentration and motility at 42.4 +/- 10.4 million/mL and 67.2% +/- 17.0%, respectively. The patients were divided into azoospermic and nonazoospermic groups. The age of the nonazoospermic and azoospermic patients was 28.2 +/- 8.7 and 36.2 +/- 6.5 years, respectively. Follicle-stimulating hormone levels in the nonazoospermic group (11.7 +/- 3.4 mIU/mL) were significantly lower than in the azoospermic group (32.8 +/- 14.4 mIU/mL; P = 0.0472). No other statistically significant difference was observed in the other hormone levels or the cumulative dose of cisplatin and carboplatin between the azoospermic and nonazoospermic groups., Conclusions: Spermatogenesis recovers after HDC in some patients. Patients should be informed that they may or may not be fertile after HDC.
- Published
- 2004
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27. Role of laparoscopy in patients with previous negative exploration for impalpable testis.
- Author
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Barqawi AZ, Blyth B, Jordan GH, Ehrlich RM, and Koyle MA
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Anus, Imperforate complications, Anus, Imperforate diagnosis, Child, Child, Preschool, Chromosome Aberrations, Cryptorchidism complications, Cryptorchidism genetics, Gastroschisis complications, Gastroschisis diagnosis, Humans, Hypospadias complications, Hypospadias diagnosis, Infant, Inguinal Canal pathology, Inguinal Canal surgery, Male, Peritoneal Cavity surgery, Retrospective Studies, Seminal Vesicles abnormalities, Seminoma complications, Seminoma diagnosis, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testicular Neoplasms diagnosis, Vas Deferens abnormalities, Cryptorchidism physiopathology, Laparoscopy methods, Palpation, Testis pathology
- Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the impact of laparoscopy in the treatment of patients with previous negative inguinal exploration for impalpable undescended testes., Methods: A retrospective review was performed of patients who underwent laparoscopy after prior incomplete or "questionable" negative inguinal explorations for nonpalpable undescended testes., Results: Twenty-seven males aged 1 to 22 years old, with 30 impalpable testes, underwent laparoscopy after prior negative open exploration. The operative notes were available for all patients. In 9 patients (33%), blind-ending spermatic vessels, vas deferens, and a closed ring were found. However, in the remaining 18 patients (67%), viable intra-abdominal or inguinal gonads (9 patients) and intra-abdominal remnants (9 patients) were identified. In 1 patient, seminoma of an intra-abdominal testis was present., Conclusions: When a patient is referred with an inconclusive previous open exploration for an impalpable gonad, laparoscopy has an important role in establishing or refuting the diagnosis of an absent testis. Moreover, therapeutic laparoscopy provides definitive options to standard open techniques when a viable testis or remnant is encountered. In this study, laparoscopy proved more accurate than open exploration with operative notes available defining the nature of the exploration.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis, a complication of the testicular cancer.
- Author
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Almeras C, Soussi N, Molko N, Azoulay-Cayla A, Richard F, and Chartier-Kastler EJ
- Subjects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Cisplatin administration & dosage, Electroencephalography, Etoposide administration & dosage, Humans, Limbic Encephalitis diagnosis, Limbic Encephalitis drug therapy, Male, Middle Aged, Remission Induction, Seminoma diagnosis, Seminoma therapy, Teratoma diagnosis, Teratoma therapy, Testicular Neoplasms therapy, Limbic Encephalitis etiology, Seminoma complications, Teratoma complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testicular Neoplasms diagnosis
- Abstract
We report a case of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis related to a testicular neoplasm. The syndrome is characterized by progressive amnesia and psychiatric disturbances resulting from an inflammatory reaction probably related to an immune response to the neuronal proteins expressed by tumors. It is usually associated with small cell lung cancer. In other cases, testicular cancer occurs more frequently than expected. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging may show increased signal intensity in the limbic cortex. Genitourinary examinations are sometimes inadequate. Testicular ultrasonography is recommended if no tumor is detected on the chest and abdominal computed tomography scan. The outcome of the treatment of the testicular cancer on the paraneoplastic syndrome is variable.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. A rare simultaneous presentation of testicular mixed germ cell tumor with a contralateral testis torsion.
- Author
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Cohen M, Sova Y, Grunwald I, Resnick M, and Stein A
- Subjects
- Adult, Germinoma diagnosis, Humans, Male, Spermatic Cord Torsion diagnosis, Testicular Neoplasms diagnosis, Germinoma complications, Spermatic Cord Torsion complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
We report a rare case of a 27-year-old man presenting with an acute scrotum with simultaneous occurrence of testicular tumor and contralateral torsion. Preoperative imaging demonstrated the testicular missed torsion, yet findings were equivocal with regard to the testicular tumor. On scrotal exploration the left testis was found to be ischemic due to threefold rotation. The right testis was not identifiable, being composed of numerous necrotic lesions. Frozen section suggested malignancy, hence high right orchiectomy was performed. Histologic examination of the right testis showed mixed germ cell tumor, containing all the subtypes. To our knowledge no similar case has been reported.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Testicular simple cyst and teratoma: asynchronous bilateral occurrence within the first year of life.
- Author
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Cornel EB, de Gier RP, van Die CE, and Feitz WF
- Subjects
- Epidermal Cyst complications, Epidermal Cyst diagnostic imaging, Epidermal Cyst therapy, Humans, Infant, Male, Teratoma complications, Testicular Diseases complications, Testicular Diseases diagnostic imaging, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testicular Neoplasms pathology, Testicular Neoplasms surgery, Ultrasonography, Epidermal Cyst diagnosis, Teratoma pathology, Teratoma surgery, Testicular Diseases diagnosis, Testicular Diseases surgery
- Abstract
Benign and malignant testicular tumors are rare in infancy. Moreover, only a few cases of bilateral testicular tumors in children have been reported to date. To our knowledge, we report the first case of an asynchronous bilateral simple testicular cyst and testicular teratoma in an infant. This case demonstrates that although both lesions are benign in the prepubertal child, treatment decisions should be made carefully.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Testicular microlithiasis and carcinoma in situ.
- Author
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Rajpert-De Meyts E and Skakkebaek NE
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Calculi complications, Carcinoma in Situ complications, Testicular Diseases complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Published
- 1999
32. Testicular microlithiasis is associated with testicular pathology.
- Author
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Ganem JP, Workman KR, and Shaban SF
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Infertility, Male complications, Male, Middle Aged, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Calculi complications, Testicular Diseases complications
- Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the impact of testicular microlithiasis (TM) on male health by describing our experience. TM is an uncommon condition characterized by calcium deposits in the lumina of seminiferous tubules. These intratesticular calcifications appear as bright, 2- to 3-mm echogenic foci on testicular ultrasound (US)., Methods: Patients diagnosed with TM by high-frequency testicular US over a 4-year period from two separate institutions were included in this study. Approximately 1100 testicular USs were performed (both hospitals combined) over the 4-year period. Patients were clinically identified by the characteristic appearance of TM on testicular US. Pathologic specimens were obtained in 14 (64%) of 22 patients., Results: Thirty-eight testicles (16 bilateral cases) in 22 patients were found to have TM. The incidence of TM was approximately 2%. Mean age at presentation was 29 years (range 8 to 63). Eight (36%) of 22 patients had testicular malignancies. Five (23%) of 22 patients were infertile. Three (14%) of 22 patients presented with unilateral necrosis of the testes due to spermatic cord torsion. Two patients had varicoceles, 1 patient had epididymitis, and another patient had torsion of an appendix testis. Previously unreported associations of TM and neurofibromatosis (1 patient) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (1 patient) were noted. No patient with TM later developed a testicular malignancy, yet the mean follow-up was only 31 months (range 1 to 108). One patient with unilateral TM developed bilateral TM, and 1 patient with bilateral TM subsequently developed unilateral TM. One patient developed spermatic cord torsion and testicular infarction 4 years after previously documented TM., Conclusions: TM is usually diagnosed by testicular US performed for various indications. TM is an uncommon condition that is found in testes with both malignant and nonmalignant conditions. The association of TM and testicular malignancy suggests regular follow-up with testicular US examinations.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Epididymal cystadenomas in von Hippel-Lindau disease.
- Author
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Choyke PL, Glenn GM, Wagner JP, Lubensky IA, Thakore K, Zbar B, Linehan WM, and Walther MM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Cystadenoma diagnostic imaging, Cystadenoma genetics, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mutation, Testicular Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Testicular Neoplasms genetics, Ultrasonography, von Hippel-Lindau Disease genetics, Cystadenoma complications, Epididymis, Testicular Neoplasms complications, von Hippel-Lindau Disease complications
- Abstract
Objectives: Epididymal cystadenomas (ECs) are frequently found in association with von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL), but little has been reported about their sonographic appearance. We review the sonographic appearance of ECs, the relationship of ECs to other manifestations of VHL, and the specific genetic mutations associated with ECs., Methods: Fifty-six male patients with VHL were examined with scrotal sonography and physical examination as part of a larger screening program for VHL. The head of the epididymis was measured in two planes on sonography and compared with age-matched normal controls. All VHL patients with palpable epididymal abnormalities or enlargement (more than two standard deviations) of the head of the epididymis on ultrasound were considered positive for EC., Results: Thirty of 56 (54%) male patients with VHL demonstrated a unilateral (n = 10; 33%) or bilateral (n = 20; 67%) solid abnormality in the head of the epididymis suggestive of EC. Sonographic appearances ranged from a solid mass with multiple tiny cysts to an almost completely solid mass. The most common appearance was a 15- to 20-mm solid mass with small cystic components. Dilated efferent ductules were seen within the testicle in 7 men, evidently a result of chronic obstruction. There was no association between the clinical subtype of VHL and the presence of ECs (P > 0.10, chi square). Mutations resulting in a truncated gene product were associated with the development of ECs but the association did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.06)., Conclusions: ECs are a common manifestation of VHL in men and exhibit a range of appearances on ultrasound. Sonography can be used to identify ECs and determine the extent of cystic dilation of the rete testes. The benign course of ECs and the usual absence of clinical symptoms favor a conservative approach to their management.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Diffuse testicular microlithiasis associated with intratubular germ cell neoplasia and seminoma.
- Author
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Kaveggia FF, Strassman MJ, Apfelbach GL, Hatch JL, and Wirtanen GW
- Subjects
- Adult, Calculi pathology, Humans, Male, Testicular Diseases pathology, Calculi complications, Germinoma complications, Seminoma complications, Testicular Diseases complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Testicular microlithiasis is an uncommon condition in which multiple calcifications develop in the seminiferous tubules. Sonography demonstrates a typical pattern of diffuse, hyperechoic specks. This condition has been associated with premalignant and malignant changes of the testicle. We present a case of intratubular germ cell neoplasia and a microscopic focus of seminoma found in a patient with isolated testicular microlithiasis and no focal mass. Physicians should be more aware of testicular microlithiasis, and heightened surveillance is recommended to identify progression to tumor formation.
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Testicular microlithiasis as a predictor of intratubular germ cell neoplasia.
- Author
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Parra BL, Venable DD, Gonzalez E, and Eastham JA
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Male, Calculi complications, Germinoma complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Sonographically detected testicular microlithiasis is an uncommon condition, which in recent years has been demonstrated with increased prevalence in patients with testicular tumors. We report a case of a 31-year-old man with left testicular carcinoma and right intratubular germ cell neoplasia diagnosed by biopsy of the right testis at the time of left radical orchiectomy. In this case, preoperative ultrasound revealed right testicular microlithiasis, signaling the presence of intratubular germ cell neoplasia. We propose ultrasound as a noninvasive tool for selecting patients for testicular biopsy.
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. A symptomatic testicular cyst in a patient with von Hippel-Lindau disease.
- Author
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Brown JA and Segura JW
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Male, Cysts complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications, von Hippel-Lindau Disease complications
- Abstract
Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) is an autosomal-dominant condition that often involves cystic changes within many organs, including the epididymis. However, no previous report of a patient with VHL and a benign intratesticular cyst has been published. We report on a 28-year-old man with otherwise stable VHL who presented with a symptomatic 3-cm intratesticular benign cyst. The cyst was successfully treated by partial orchiectomy.
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Testicular cancer in association with developmental renal anomalies and hypospadias.
- Author
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Klein EA, Chen RN, Levin HS, Rackley RR, and Williams BR
- Subjects
- Adult, DNA Mutational Analysis, Germinoma genetics, Humans, Hypospadias genetics, Karyotyping, Male, Testicular Neoplasms genetics, Germinoma complications, Hypospadias complications, Kidney abnormalities, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Objectives: To characterize the clinical, pathologic, and genetic aspects of patients with a previously undescribed phenotype of testicular germ cell tumors associated with renal hypoplasia or agenesis and urethral hypospadias., Methods: Review of clinical and pathologic findings and genetic analysis of constitutional and tumor DNA for mutations of the Wilms' tumor suppressor gene (WT1)., Results: Clinical findings suggest that this phenotype is distinct from other syndromes associated with renal anomalies and that the associated testicular tumors are histologically and clinically similar to those that occur sporadically. No karyotypic abnormalities, loss of heterozygosity, or mutations in the zinc finger domains (exons 7-10) of WT1 were observed in 5 patients with this phenotype., Conclusions: The phenotype of testicular germ cell tumor, developmental renal anomalies, and urethral hypospadias constitutes a discrete syndrome caused by a gene distinct from WT1.
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. A child with an intra-abdominal testicular teratoma: a case report and review of prepubertal cryptorchid germ cell tumors.
- Author
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Brown IR, Dunlap HJ, Nizalik E, and Schillinger JF
- Subjects
- Abdominal Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Abdominal Neoplasms pathology, Humans, Infant, Male, Puberty, Teratoma diagnostic imaging, Teratoma pathology, Testicular Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Testicular Neoplasms pathology, Ultrasonography, Abdominal Neoplasms complications, Cryptorchidism complications, Teratoma complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Objectives: We report the case of a tumor in an intra-abdominal cryptorchid testis of a 7-month-old male infant. Torsion of a testicular teratoma was confirmed by pathologic examination. A review was undertaken to identify and characterize other reports of prepubertal cryptorchid germ cell neoplasms., Methods: Cases of testicular germ cell neoplasms in association with cryptorchidism in phenotypically normal males were identified through a MEDLINE search of the English literature and review of published bibliographies., Results: A total of 14 cases were identified with testis location provided in 12 patients. Half of the neoplasms were located in abdominal testis, and all of these were associated with torsion, although 2 of 6 patients were asymptomatic. Two patients had tumors in the contralateral normally descended testis. Teratoma was the most frequently encountered tumor type., Conclusions: Characteristics of prepubertal cryptorchid testicular germ cell tumors reflect those seen in post-pubertal cryptorchid tumors in location but differ in histologic type. Possible pathogenesis is discussed. Follow-up was not provided in all cases although outcome appears to be good. We believe that these lesions are likely underreported.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Effect of cryopreservation on semen quality in patients with testicular cancer.
- Author
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Agarwal A, Tolentino MV Jr, Sidhu RS, Ayzman I, Lee JC, Thomas AJ Jr, and Shekarriz M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Humans, Male, Neoplasm Staging, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal pathology, Seminoma complications, Seminoma pathology, Sperm Banks, Sperm Count, Sperm Motility, Statistics, Nonparametric, Testicular Neoplasms pathology, Cryopreservation methods, Infertility, Male etiology, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal complications, Semen cytology, Spermatozoa physiology, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Objectives: Current techniques in cryopreservation of human semen substantially decrease sperm quality. In addition, the pregnancy rate using cryopreserved sperm obtained from testicular cancer patients is lower than when sperm from normal fertile men is used. However, it is still unclear whether cryopreserved sperm from these patients is inherently defective or if the sperm loses its motility after thawing. This study was undertaken to assess the effect of cryopreservation on the quality and motion characteristics of semen from patients with testicular cancer before definitive therapy compared with semen from normal volunteers., Methods: We compared the sperm quality before and after cryopreservation in samples from 34 patients with testicular cancer and 30 normal volunteers who were referred for sperm banking over a 7-year period. The effects of cancer stage and histologic type on various semen parameters were also examined. A computer-assisted semen analysis was performed before and after cryopreservation on each specimen. The nitrogen vapor technique using Test yolk buffer with glycerol as a cryoprotective agent was used for cryopreservation. The motile sperm count and motion characteristics (motility, velocity, linearity, amplitude of the lateral head movement, motility index) were analyzed before and after cryopreservation and compared between the groups., Results: Semen quality did not significantly differ among patients with Stage I, II, or III cancer. However, semen quality tended to be poorer at higher cancer stages. In general, semen quality was better among patients with pure seminomas than with pure embryonal tumors; quality was worst among patients with mixed germ cell tumors. However, 71.4% of patients with mixed tumors presented with Stage III disease, whereas all patients with seminomas presented with Stage I disease. Significant differences were also seen in prefreeze motility (median, 42% [interquartile range, 24 to 51] versus 60.5% [range, 49 to 73]; P = 0.0004) and motile sperm count (6.7 x 10(6)/mL [range, 3.4 to 14.4] versus 50.0 [range, 24.6 to 72.0]; P = 0.0001) in patients compared with controls, respectively. The motile sperm count and percent motility significantly decreased in both patients and controls after cryopreservation (P = 0.0001). However, the percentage decline in motile sperm count and motion characteristics after cryopreservation did not differ significantly between patients and controls (P > 0.01)., Conclusions: We conclude that the effect of cryopreservation on sperm quality in patients with testicular cancer is identical to its effect on sperm from normal fertile men. Differences in values after preservation are explained by poor semen characteristics before freezing; semen quality declines with more extensive disease. Stage I patients also had poorer quality than control subjects. Thus, we recommend that routine sperm banking be encouraged among all patients with testicular cancer before the initiation of specific medical treatment. We also recommend that future efforts be focused on improving the technique of sperm banking.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Urologic causes of gynecomastia: approach to diagnosis and management.
- Author
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Lemack GE, Poppas DP, and Vaughan ED Jr
- Subjects
- Adrenal Gland Neoplasms complications, Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital complications, Adult, Decision Trees, Disorders of Sex Development complications, Gynecomastia therapy, Humans, Hypogonadism complications, Male, Prognosis, Gynecomastia etiology, Leydig Cell Tumor complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
A 27-year-old man presented with bilateral painful breast enlargement and recent onset right testicular swelling. After appropriate evaluation, a radical orchiectomy was performed, and a Leydig cell tumor was found. The various urologic etiologies for gynecomastia are presented, as are the potential interventions. A rational approach to the patient with new onset breast swelling is presented.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Bilateral testicular carcinoma in situ in persistent müllerian duct syndrome: a case report and literature review.
- Author
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Williams JC, Merguerian PA, Schned AR, and Amdur RJ
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Carcinoma in Situ pathology, Carcinoma in Situ surgery, Cryptorchidism pathology, Cryptorchidism surgery, Humans, Male, Orchiectomy, Syndrome, Testicular Neoplasms pathology, Testicular Neoplasms surgery, Carcinoma in Situ complications, Cryptorchidism complications, Mullerian Ducts abnormalities, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Bilateral testicular carcinoma in situ in a 17-year-old patient with persistent müllerian duct syndrome is reported. The pertinent literature is reviewed and the management of both testicular carcinoma in situ and persistent müllerian duct syndrome is discussed.
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Leydig cell tumor of intra-abdominal testis.
- Author
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Allen FJ and Van Vollenhoven F
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Leydig Cell Tumor diagnosis, Male, Testicular Neoplasms diagnosis, Cryptorchidism complications, Gynecomastia etiology, Leydig Cell Tumor complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
A patient with bilateral cryptorchidism and gynecomastia due to Leydig cell tumor involving the left intra-abdominal testis is described. Raised serum estrogen, low serum testosterone, and ultrasonic demonstration of a tumor in the left testis allowed the diagnosis to be suspected preoperatively. The relevant literature is reviewed.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Testis tumor in an adult presenting with torsion of testis.
- Author
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Seaman EK and Sawczuk I
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Spermatic Cord Torsion etiology, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Redo retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for germ cell tumor.
- Author
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Waples MJ and Messing EM
- Subjects
- Adult, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Reoperation, Retroperitoneal Neoplasms complications, Retroperitoneal Space, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Lymph Node Excision methods, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal surgery, Retroperitoneal Neoplasms surgery, Testicular Neoplasms surgery
- Abstract
Redo retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) for the treatment of germ cell tumors (GCTs) is an uncommonly performed procedure. We report on 9 patients who underwent redo RPLND at the University of Wisconsin (UW) between January 1988 and December 1990. Indications for redo RPLND include: residual retroperitoneal mass after initial RPLND and chemotherapy, normal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (B-HCG), otherwise negative metastatic workup, and evidence that the mass is resectable. Overall, 6 of 9 patients are alive with no evidence of disease at a mean follow-up of thirty-two months. Preoperative evaluation, histopathology, morbidity, and technical aspects of this procedure, which is a critical part of the management of GCT, are reviewed.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia with testicular tumors, aggression, and gonadal failure.
- Author
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Keely EJ, Matwijiw I, Thliveris JA, and Faiman C
- Subjects
- Adrenal Rest Tumor complications, Adult, Humans, Male, Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital complications, Aggression, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testis physiopathology
- Abstract
Bilateral testicular tumors (adrenal rests) may occur in untreated or poorly controlled congenital adrenal hyperplasia. This case report describes two unique associated phenomena: (1) psychologic disturbances similar to those seen with exogenous androgen abuse, which resolved with appropriate glucocorticoid suppression of androgen over-production by this abnormal adrenal/adrenal rest tissue; and (2) testicular failure which showed a partial, delayed recovery with corticosteroid therapy. The need for a careful history and biochemical screening for all patients with bilateral testicular tumors is reinforced.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Incidence of testicular microlithiasis.
- Author
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Höbarth K, Susani M, Szabo N, and Kratzik C
- Subjects
- Adult, Calcinosis diagnostic imaging, Calcinosis epidemiology, Calcinosis pathology, Humans, Incidence, Male, Retrospective Studies, Testicular Diseases diagnostic imaging, Testicular Diseases pathology, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Testis diagnostic imaging, Ultrasonography, Testicular Diseases epidemiology, Testis pathology
- Abstract
In adults polytopic intratubular calcifications of the testes are rare. Known as testicular microlithiasis, they manifest themselves in a characteristic echo pattern on sonography with high-frequency transducers (5 to 10 MHz). This consists of multiple echogenic specks in an otherwise normal testicular parenchyma. In a retrospective analysis of 1,710 testicular sonograms of adults, bilateral intratesticular microliths were found in 11 cases (0.6%). In 5 of them, the microliths were associated with a testicular tumor. One patient with a tumor in the contralateral testis had undergone radiotherapy and another one presented with hypogonadism. Four patients with noncontributory histories presented with varicocele or epididymal cyst. Sonographic findings were confirmed histologically in 6 patients. Multiple intratubular calcifications were found in all of them. The pathogenesis of testicular microliths is still poorly understood. Their clinical relevance is unclear, but their incidence in adults appears to be higher than reported in the literature.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Ectopic aberrant adrenals with epididymal abnormality.
- Author
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Habuchi T, Mizutani Y, and Miyakawa M
- Subjects
- Child, Choristoma complications, Genital Neoplasms, Male complications, Humans, Male, Testicular Neoplasms complications, Adrenal Glands, Choristoma pathology, Epididymis abnormalities, Genital Neoplasms, Male pathology, Spermatic Cord, Testicular Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
We report a rare case of ectopic aberrant adrenals associated with epididymal abnormality found during exploration for a left undescended testis. Two ectopic adrenals were found, one on the epididymis and the other adjacent to the spermatic cord. We believe the simultaneous occurrence of epididymal abnormality and ectopic aberrant adrenals has not been reported before.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Positive hydrocele cytology accompanying testis seminoma.
- Author
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Roy CR and Peterson NE
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Male, Testicular Hydrocele complications, Dysgerminoma complications, Testicular Hydrocele pathology, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Accurate palpation of the testis may be obscured by the presence of a hydrocele. Analysis of hydrocele fluid is seldom reported. We describe the cytologic demonstration of malignant cells within a hydrocele accompanying testicular seminoma. Although this connection is not unexpected, it is only rarely documented.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Association of germ cell tumors and Hodgkin's disease.
- Author
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Dexeus FH, Kilbourn R, Chong C, Logothetis CJ, Sella A, and Grignon D
- Subjects
- Adult, Combined Modality Therapy, Hodgkin Disease diagnosis, Hodgkin Disease therapy, Humans, Male, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal diagnosis, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal therapy, Hodgkin Disease complications, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal complications, Neoplasms, Multiple Primary, Testicular Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Two patients presented with synchronous Hodgkin's disease and testicular germ cell neoplasms. Both patients are in complete remission following treatment with multidrug chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Despite epidemiologic similarities between Hodgkin's disease and testicular cancer, only 13 cases of their association in the same patient have been reported in the literature, and in all those instances the tumors occurred metachronously. However, the very rare occurrence of synchronous presentation suggests a possible common pathogenetic factor in our 2 patients.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Germ cell tumor of testis in a patient with von Hippel-Lindau disease.
- Author
-
Cendron M, Wein AJ, Schwartz SS, Murtagh F, Livolsi VA, and Tomaszewski JE
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Male, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal pathology, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal surgery, Testicular Neoplasms pathology, Testicular Neoplasms surgery, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal complications, Testicular Neoplasms complications, von Hippel-Lindau Disease complications
- Abstract
Germ cell testicular tumor is a previously undescribed entity in association with von Hippel-Lindau disease. This case exemplifies the variety of pathologic entities encountered in von Hippel-Lindau disease and stresses the importance of thorough evaluation of the patient, as well as careful follow-up, to ensure early detection of potentially malignant lesions.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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