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Highlights • We examined 17DD yellow fever vaccine in juvenile autoimmune rheumatic disease patients under low immunosuppression during the recent epidemic in Sao Paulo-Brazil. • No serious adverse events were reported and frequencies of mild adverse events were comparable between patients and healthy controls. • Immunogenicity parameters against yellow fever vaccine were not hampered in juvenile autoimmune rheumatic disease patients. • Peripheral white-blood-cells kinetics after yellow fever vaccination was demonstrated with transient decreases in lymphocytes at D5 and neutrophil levels at D10 with complete recovery at D30., Yellow fever vaccine (YFV) is a live attenuated vaccine usually contraindicated for juvenile autoimmune rheumatic disease (JARD) patients. During the recent epidemic in Sao Paulo-Brazil, YFV was indicated for patients under low immunosuppression. Thirty JARD patients with inactive diseases undergoing low immunosuppression and 30 healthy controls (HC) were vaccinated with a fractional dose 17DD YFV (∼5495 IU) and evaluated 30 days later. JARD patients and controls had comparable median age (12.4 vs. 12 years, p = 0.250). Disease parameters remained stable 30 days after 17DD YFV (p > 0.05) and only mild adverse events were reported in both groups (p > 0.05). JARD and HC had similar seroprotection [93% vs. 100%;p = 0.49], seroconversion rates [96% vs. 100%;p = 0.489], and GMT [1249 vs.1293;p = 0.821]. Both groups had similar white-blood-cells kinetics with transient decreases in lymphocytes at D5 and neutrophils at D10, followed by full recovery at D30 (P