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Up to now, separating Pb-Sb alloy obtained from jamesonite by conventional pyrometallurgy processes has many drawbacks such as long technological process, high energy consumption, and unsatisfactory separation efficiency. Thinking about the facts that antimony is used mainly in the form of Sb 2 O 3 , and separation of Sb 2 O 3 with good volatility from the lead melt is very easy under vacuum, vacuum dynamic oxidation process, a new and effective process for separating lead and antimony from Pb-Sb alloy, was developed in this work. Experimental results revealed that the content of antimony in Pb-Sb alloy decreased from 42% to 0.30%, that the removal percent of antimony reached 99.59%, and that the PbO content in the distillate was 0.12% under melt temperature of 953 K, vacuum treatment time of 210 min, and air flow rate of 3 L/min, corresponding to the system pressure of 14 kPa. This study is of significance for separating Pb-Sb alloy obtained from jamesonite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conventional detinning process of lead bullion usually includes the following problems: the oxidizing refining process takes a long time to finish the oxidation of tin and products mass slag, while the basic refining process consumes large reagent, and the labor condition is poor. Therefore, a novel technique with oxygen controlled under vacuum condition for removing tin in crude lead was investigated, which shows characters such as, low-energy consumption, less metal wastage and environmental friendly. During this process, tin was removed from lead bullion by converting to tin oxide and concentrating in the dross. The experimental results showed that the residual Sn-concentration in detinned lead was about 2 ppm corresponding to the lead loss ratio about 2–3 wt% under the following experimental conditions: temperature of 750 °C, oxidation time of 80 min, agitation speed of 100 rpm and air flow rate of 60 mL/min corresponding to the residual gas pressure of 57 KPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]