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The paper analyses the topic of cyber security in the context of public administration. After briefly reconstructing the concept of cybersecurity in legal terms, the paper questions whether the main cause of cyber attacks and incidents in public institutions depends on the administrative organisational model adopted or on the actions and conduct of individual officials. Instead, the conclusions emphasise the importance of cyber security culture, and the centrality of digital literacy, for proper cyber risk management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to examine to what extent jurists such as Labeo, Paulus or Ulpianus used causal analysis in the elaboration of answers to problems of contractual liability, specifically those related to the lease contract. To achieve this objective, the paper offers, firstly, an overview of Hellenistic philosophy on causation, in order to contextualize the coordinates of the doctrines on causation that may have influenced the thinking of Roman jurists. Next, it presents three problems solved by jurists, all, as already mentioned, relating to leasing, to explore the use of causal reasoning in them and the differences that would have occurred in this context. The result of the inquiry is the finding of differences between the thinking of Labeo and Paulus, as well as Ulpian's adherence to the former's type of analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The appearance of new technologies has had its impact on the new economy, and this has been also translated into a change in the labor relations. This paper analyzes the legislation that regulates the employment relationships of people working through digital labor platforms, focusing on food delivery workers, or also called "riders." On the one hand, the article analyzes different decisions and judicial rulings that allow progress in Spanish legislation in this area, giving birth to the "Rider Law", and on the other hand, analyzes the European proposal for a Directive on improving working conditions in platform work, also carrying out a comparative study between different legislations, highlighting the comparison with Italian legislation and analyzing the impact on the different legal systems of the possible transposition of this proposal for a directive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essay addresses the issue of decent work, analysing it through the lens of working time. A universal and even foundational topic for labour law, it proves capable of responding both to the more traditional needs of protecting workers' health and to the more modern ones, which today can be traced back to the articulated and complex principle of decent work (work-life balance, gender equality, employment inclusion of the disabled, and so on). In this context, the paper seeks to direct the reader's attention also beyond the present circumstances, to ask whether, in the combination of the different perspectives involved, there is not the risk of losing sight of the values that have always inspired the genetic heritage of (labour) law and which, it is hoped, will continue to denote its future developments: the importance of work for the fulfilment of the person who performs it and for the progress of society, well beyond the quantitative data of the time dedicated to it and the remuneration that may derive from it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper tries to analyse the conscientious objection of two NBA basketball players to receiving the Covid-19 vaccine on religious grounds. Essentially, the aim is to examine in depth the reasons alleged by the athletes, in an attempt to determine whether they constitute sufficient grounds to support their refusal to be vaccinated, and thus to continue carrying out their work obligations in order to preserve their beliefs. To do so, it is necessary to review the NBA's own protocols and state and local public health provisions on mandatory vaccination, without forgetting the pronouncements on the subject issued by the Supreme Court of the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting from the link, identified by the Spanish legislator, between the insolvency reform de mecanismo de segunda oportunidad, Rdl 1/2015, de 27 de febrero y Ley 25/2015, de 28 de julio, about the beneficio de exoneración del pasivo insatisfecho, and Ley 3a, Título XV, Partida V, Ley de las Siete Partidas, the paper aims to show the Romanistic foundations of this legislation and the pivotal role of Alfonso X in the historical implementation of a more humane treatment for honest insolvent debtors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the foundations of Roman law that have crystallized around different legal principles that currently shape the legal-substantive regime of distance contracting with consumers in the framework of the EU. In particular, we will deal with the principles that govern contracts from their genesis and subsequent development, such as: a) good faith as an inspiring principle of perfection (art. 1.258 and 1.262 of the Civil Code) intended to inform the contract (art. 97 and 98 of the Revised Text of the General Law for the Defence of Consumers and Users, hereinafter, TRLGDCU); b) and the right of withdrawal as an exception to pacta sunt servanda or fulfilment of what has been agreed (art. 102 TRLGDCU). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the encyclical Laudato si' the strong call to recognize "the human root of the ecological crisis", namely the cause of the "awry way of understanding human life and action", focuses on "the dominant technocratic paradigm". With this paper I intend to point out the undue transformation of technology into domination and one-dimensionality, proposing to go to the Greek roots, from whose language the words 'technology' and 'technocracy' come. The senses by which the word 'techne' was ordinarily used, are indeed articulated starting from the awareness of the community dimension of life, in which man can overcome his own weaknesses and lacks, developing the potentialities of each one for the common good and the plurality of the ways of actualization, on condition of acquiring knowledge by learning-teaching. In the proposal to recover the Greek notion of techne, highlighting its plural, collective and didactic character, I also qualify it as 'Aristotelian', to emphasize two provisions, given by the teachers of the first philosophical schools, Plato and then Aristotle: knowledge is said to be acquired by techne provided that from those who are able 1) to give explanations and 2) to indicate the ultimate goal, where the concepts of true, good and beautiful converge in the dimension of sophia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]