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The method of gastrostomy can be used as a stage of treatment of patients with cicatricial strictures of the esophagus due to chemical burn (for gullet bougienage by the directing thread). Localization of the dotted gastrostomy on the anterior wall of the stomach provides safety of the intraorganic main vessel in different variants of extraorganic angio-architectonics.

In patients with an associated burn injury of the esophagus and the stomach, of determining significance is stenosis of the latter. Resection of the stomach is indicated in cases of subcompensated stenosis of the stomach with distinct boundaries of the scary damage. In parallel with the operation on the stomach for its stenosis, the formation of a gastrostoma of the proximal part of the organ should be also planned for the following bougienage of the esophagus by the directing thread.

The roentgenological, endoscopic and combined methods of examination of patients allowed to make a program of treatment of patients by the method of bougienage. Different techniques of bougienage were used: "blind", by the direct thread, under the endoscopic control, endoscopic dissection supplemented by bougienage. A stable clinical effect was obtained in the overwhelming majority of patients.

Results of examination of 43 patients with injuries of the esophagus by cauterizing substances were obtained using the method of endoscopic biopotentialometry. It was shown that the method of endoscopic biopotentialometry is simple, allows rapid and exact determination of the degree of the injury of gastric mucosa at early terms from the moment of burn, choice of correct methods of treatment and prevention of such serious complications as bleedings, strictures etc.

The work gives an analysis of clinical signs in 111 patients with burns of the respiratory tract. Two complexes of curative measures are proposed according to anatomical changes found in fibrobronchoscopy. The fibrobronchoscopies are of special importance in the treatment of burns of the tracheobronchial tree.

Esophagoscopy performed within the first hours after the burn trauma helps to find out the localisation and extension of the burn. An abundant washing of the esophagus carried out within the first day after trauma, administration of novocain, early feeding and, in case of a general resorptive effect of a poison, a timely correction of homeostasis disturbances permit to manage without bougieurage of the esophagus. Later on a control esophagoscopy favours the following-up of the healing of the burn and the correction of the treatment process, if needed. The described method has been used in the treatment of 225 patients. Late results have been studied in 57 cases of severe and moderate esophageal burns. No scarry strictures have been found.

On the basis of examination of 117 children with chemical burns of the oral cavity and esophagus the authors came to a conclusion that it was urgent esophagoscopy only that could most exactly diagnoze the availability and size of the esophagus burn. The complex of diagnostic and curative measures is thought by the authors to consist in abundant washing of the esophagus and stomach, struggle against shock, desintoxication by the method of forced diuresis, correction of the water-electrolyte and acid-alkaline balance, general and antibiotics therapy, early beginning of normal diet.