1. Tenogenic induction of equine mesenchymal stem cells by means of growth factors and low-level laser technology
- Author
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Nathalie Van Bruaene, Giulia Bertolutti, Marco Vincenzo Patruno, Jan H. Spaas, Sarah Broeckx, Chiara Gomiero, and Tiziana Martinello
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Decorin ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cellular differentiation ,Mesenchymal stromal cells ,Low level laser technology ,Fibroblast growth factor ,Tendons ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Epidermal growth factor ,Tendon Injuries ,medicine ,Animals ,Horses ,Low-Level Light Therapy ,Cells, Cultured ,Cell Proliferation ,Early Growth Response Protein 1 ,Extracellular Matrix Proteins ,General Veterinary ,biology ,Growth factors ,Tenocytes ,Tenogenic induction ,Veterinary (all) ,Growth factor ,Tenascin C ,Mesenchymal stem cell ,Cell Differentiation ,Mesenchymal Stem Cells ,General Medicine ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,Gene Expression Regulation ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ,Transforming growth factor - Abstract
Tendons regenerate poorly due to a dense extracellular matrix and low cellularity. Cellular therapies aim to improve tendon repair using mesenchymal stem cells and tenocytes; however, a current limitation is the low proliferative potential of tenocytes in cases of severe trauma. The purpose of this study was to develop a method useful in veterinary medicine to improve the differentiation of Peripheral Blood equine mesenchymal stem cells (PB-MSCs) into tenocytes. PB-MSCs were used to study the effects of the addition of some growth factors (GFs) as TGFβ3 (transforming growth factor), EGF2 (Epidermal growth factor), bFGF2 (Fibroblast growth factor) and IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor) in presence or without Low Level Laser Technology (LLLT) on the mRNA expression levels of genes important in the tenogenic induction as Early Growth Response Protein-1 (EGR1), Tenascin (TNC) and Decorin (DCN). The singular addition of GFs did not show any influence on the mRNA expression of tenogenic genes whereas the specific combinations that arrested cell proliferation in favour of differentiation were the following: bFGF2 + TGFβ3 and bFGF2 + TGFβ3 + LLLT. Indeed, the supplement of bFGF2 and TGFβ3 significantly upregulated the expression of Early Growth Response Protein-1 and Decorin, while the use of LLLT induced a significant increase of Tenascin C levels. In conclusion, the present study might furnish significant suggestions for developing an efficient approach for tenocyte induction since the external administration of bFGF2 and TGFβ3, along with LLLT, influences the differentiation of PB-MSCs towards the tenogenic fate.
- Published
- 2015