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Background and Aim: Determining reference values for hematological and biochemical parameters of Asian house shrew (Suncus murinus) is important for wildlife research to protect human health in surrounding communities. This study aimed to establish the reference values for selected hematology and serum clinical chemistry analyses that may contribute to research on shrew in future. Materials and Methods: Blood samples (n=51) were collected from shrews between July and December 2015, Bangladesh, to estimate the levels of hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total leukocyte count (TLC), total erythrocyte count (TEC), lymphocyte, monocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, calcium, phosphorus (P), sodium (Na), chloride (Cl), urea, glucose, total protein (TP), creatinine, and alanine transaminase (ALT). Results: Although the values did not differ significantly among sexes, age was found to be a significant factor. Hb, PCV, TEC, glucose, and P were higher in males; eosinophil, Na, Cl, TP, and ALT were higher among females. Adults had significantly greater urea and glucose (p

Aim: The study was aimed to determine the reference values of most commonly used hematological and biochemical parameters of indigenous sheep, reared under semi-intensive backyard farms in Dhaka and Chittagong district, Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: A total of 41 blood samples were collected from indigenous sheep (Ovis aries) from June to December 2016 from Dhaka and Chittagong Districts of Bangladesh. Hematological and serum biochemical parameters such as hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leukocyte count (TLC), neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, monocyte, lymphocyte, urea, triglyceride, cholesterol, glucose, albumin, total protein (TP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) were determined by biochemical analyzer. 90% reference intervals were calculated for all parameters. Results: The hematological and serum biochemical profiles of indigenous sheep showed wide range and variation. The results were categorized according to sex and age of the sheep for comparison. Young sheep had significantly higher PCV, eosinophil, triglyceride, and TP level than that of adult (p

Background and Aim: Determining reference values for hematological and biochemical parameters of Asian house shrew (Suncus murinus) is important for wildlife research to protect human health in surrounding communities. This study aimed to establish the reference values for selected hematology and serum clinical chemistry analyses that may contribute to research on shrew in future. Materials and Methods: Blood samples (n=51) were collected from shrews between July and December 2015, Bangladesh, to estimate the levels of hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total leukocyte count (TLC), total erythrocyte count (TEC), lymphocyte, monocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, calcium, phosphorus (P), sodium (Na), chloride (Cl), urea, glucose, total protein (TP), creatinine, and alanine transaminase (ALT). Results: Although the values did not differ significantly among sexes, age was found to be a significant factor. Hb, PCV, TEC, glucose, and P were higher in males; eosinophil, Na, Cl, TP, and ALT were higher among females. Adults had significantly greater urea and glucose (p

Aim: The study was conducted to detection and determination of concentration or level of antibiotic residues in milk and egg of local and commercial farms at Chittagong during December 2011 to June 2012. Materials and Methods: A total of 400 (200 milk and 200 egg) samples were collected from local and commercial dairy cows and local scavenging and commercial poultry farms, respectively. Microbial inhibition test and thin layer chromatography were used for screening and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography was used to estimate the concentrations of antibiotic residues in samples. Results: Tetracycline, amoxicillin, and ciprofloxacin residues were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher in commercial farms than local. The boiling insignificantly (p˃0.05) reduced residues level in milk and egg. The average concentrations of amoxicillin residue in local milk, commercial milk, local egg, and commercial egg were 9.84 μg/ml, 56.16 μg/ml, 10.46 μg/g and 48.82 μg/g, respectively, in raw samples and were reduced to 9.81 μg/ml, 55.54 μg/ml, 10.29 μg/g, and 48.38 μg/g, respectively, after boiling. Conclusions: Proper maintaining of the withdrawal period and development of active surveillance system are highly recommended for public health security.

Background and Aim Asian house shrew (Suncus murinus), a widely distributed small mammal in the South Asian region, can carry helminths of zoonotic importance. The aim of the study was to know the prevalence and diversity of gastrointestinal (GI) helminths in free-ranging Asian house shrew (S. murinus) in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods A total of 86 Asian house shrews were captured from forest areas and other habitats of Bangladesh in 2015. Gross examination of the whole GI tract was performed for gross helminth detection, and coproscopy was done for identification of specific eggs or larvae. Results The overall prevalence of GI helminth was 77.9% (67/86), with six species including nematodes (3), cestodes (2), and trematodes (1). Of the detected helminths, the dominant parasitic group was from the genus Hymenolepis spp.(59%), followed by Strongyloides spp.(17%), Capillaria spp. (10%), Physaloptera spp. (3%), and Echinostoma spp.(3%). Conclusion The finding shows that the presence of potential zoonotic parasites (Hymenolepis spp. and Capillaria spp.) in Asian house shrew is ubiquitous in all types of habitat (forest land, cropland and dwelling) in Bangladesh. Therefore, further investigation is crucial to examine their role in the transmission of human helminthiasis.

Aim: The present study was described thin layer chromatography (TLC) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) method for the detection of antibacterial substances in poultry muscle (breast and thigh), kidney, and liver. Materials and Methods: TLC method was used for screening detection of tetracycline, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin residues in poultry tissues. The samples were extracted with trichloroacetic acid (30%), diethyl ether, followed by detection in pre-coated TLC paper on ultraviolet detector. The UHPLC method was used for the quantification of antimicrobial residues in poultry tissues. Results: The residues of tetracycline were 48% in livers, 24% in kidneys, 20% in thigh muscles, and 24% in breast muscles. Ciprofloxacin residues were found 44% in liver, 42% in kidneys, 34% in thigh muscles and 30% in breast muscles. Enrofloxacin residues were found 40% in liver, 34% in kidneys, 22% in thigh muscles, and 18% in breast muscles. Amoxicillin residues were found 42% in liver, 30% in kidneys, 26% in thigh muscles and 22% in breast muscles. Most of the cases highest residues were found in liver such as tetracycline (48%), ciprofloxacin (44%), enrofloxacin (40%) and amoxicillin (42%) and almost lowest in breast muscles. In addition, nine positive samples from broiler were selected for amoxicillin residue quantification by UHPLC. It was observed that the concentration of amoxicillin residue in liver was ranging from 16.92 μg/kg to 152.62 μg/kg and in breast muscle was 45.38 μg/kg to 60.55 μg/kg, respectively. The maximum and minimum peak time was 4.7-5.2 min. Among the poultry tissues, liver had the highest level of antibiotic residues in comparison to other samples but the variation was not significant (p>0.05). Conclusions: Evidence suggests that more judicious use of antimicrobials in food animals will reduce the selection of resistant bacteria and help to preserve these valuable drugs for both human and veterinary medicine. The method described in this study is a simple, easy inexpensive which can be readily adopted by any laboratory for the detection of antibiotic residues in tissues of food-producing animals.

Aim: A 6 month long study was undertaken to determine various hemato-biochemical profiles of indigenous goats (Capra hircus) in Bangladesh. Materials and methods: Blood samples were collected from goats of different ages of 5 Upazilla of Chittagong. A total of 120 goats (60 Black Bengal and 60 Jamnapari) having > 6 months of age were included. The whole blood was analyzed for hematology, and plasma and serum samples for biochemical analysis. Results: The study found higher number of RBC (million/cumm) and PCV% in the goats of age 48 months and above (18.23 ± 1.89 and 28 ± 3.2) respectively. Besides, total protein was found higher (78.9 ± 14.5g/L) in the goats of 6-24 months of age. Significant increase (p

Aim: The research was carried out to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol extract of Desmodium pauciflorum, Mangifera indica and Andrographis paniculata leaves. Materials and Methods: In order to assess the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects acetic acid induced writhing response model and carrageenan induced paw edema model were used in Swiss albino mice and Wistar albino rats, respectively. In both cases, leaves extract were administered (2gm/kg body weight) and the obtained effects were compared with commercially available analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug Dclofenac sodium (40mg/kg body weight). Distilled water (2ml/kg body weight) was used as a control for the study. Results: In analgesic bioassay, oral administration of the ethanol extract of leaves were significantly (p

A total of sixty adult stray dogs (32 male and 28 female) randomly captured from different locality of Chittagong metropolitan area were euthanized during the period of May 2010 to January 2011. The dogs were necropsized to observe the presence of Spirocerca lupi in their oesophagus producing characteristic nodular lesions. The associated haematological changes were also determined. Twenty four (40%) of the captured dogs were positive (40.62 % male and 39.28 % female) for spirocercosis having oesophageal nodular lesions. One to three broad based nodular lesions with an average diameter of 2.104±0.139 cm were observed in the caudal oesophagus of spirocerca positive dogs. Minimum 1 and maximum 12 worms found harboring in each nodule with an average number of 3.75± 0.686. The association between the oesophageal nodular lesions and body condition of the dogs was inconclusive and locationwise prevalence was also not clear. Anaemia was observed in infected dogs with significant reduction in ESR values and MCHC%. Leukocytosis, particularly neutrophilia was common in infected dogs in comparison to the noninfected. Histopathology revealed extensive fibrous tissue proliferation around the adult worms in most of the nodular lesions with large numbers of newly formed blood vessels resembling granulation tissues. A considerable degree of fibroplasia was evident with predominant accumulation of fibroblasts and irregular layers collagen fibers in mature nodules. Accumulation of large numbers of neutrophil was common in nodular lesions, whereas, infiltration of lymphoplasmacytic cells also found in some cases. One lesion showed evidence of fibrosarcoma characterized by proliferation of undifferentiated atypical fibroblasts having abnormal mitotic figures. [Vet. World 2011; 4(11.000): 485-491]