4 results
Search Results
2. Are Hamsters a Suitable Model for Evaluating the Immunogenicity of RBD-Based Anti-COVID-19 Subunit Vaccines?
- Author
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Merkuleva, Iuliia A., Shcherbakov, Dmitry N., Borgoyakova, Mariya B., Isaeva, Anastasiya A., Nesmeyanova, Valentina S., Volkova, Natalia V., Aripov, Vazirbek S., Shanshin, Daniil V., Karpenko, Larisa I., Belenkaya, Svetlana V., Kazachinskaia, Elena I., Volosnikova, Ekaterina A., Esina, Tatiana I., Sergeev, Alexandr A., Titova, Kseniia A., Konyakhina, Yulia V., Zaykovskaya, Anna V., Pyankov, Oleg V., Kolosova, Evgeniia A., and Viktorina, Olesya E.
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HAMSTERS , *IMMUNE response , *VACCINE immunogenicity , *HUMORAL immunity , *VACCINE effectiveness , *LABORATORY animals - Abstract
Currently, SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding-domain (RBD)-based vaccines are considered one of the most effective weapons against COVID-19. During the first step of assessing vaccine immunogenicity, a mouse model is often used. In this paper, we tested the use of five experimental animals (mice, hamsters, rabbits, ferrets, and chickens) for RBD immunogenicity assessments. The humoral immune response was evaluated by ELISA and virus-neutralization assays. The data obtained show hamsters to be the least suitable candidates for RBD immunogenicity testing and, hence, assessing the protective efficacy of RBD-based vaccines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. The Immunology of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccines in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.
- Author
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Dęborska-Materkowska, Dominika and Kamińska, Dorota
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COVID-19 , *SARS-CoV-2 , *THERAPEUTICS , *TRANSPLANTATION of organs, tissues, etc. , *CYTOKINE release syndrome , *IMMUNOLOGY - Abstract
Since its outbreak in December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), led to an enormous rise in scientific response with an excess of COVID-19-related studies on the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic approaches. Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are a heterogeneous population with long-lasting immunosuppression as a joining element. Immunocompromised patients are a vulnerable population with a high risk of severe infections and an increased infection-related mortality rate. It was postulated that the hyperinflammatory state due to cytokine release syndrome during severe COVID-19 could be alleviated by immunosuppressive therapy in SOT patients. On the other hand, it was previously established that T cell-mediated immunity, which is significantly weakened in SOT recipients, is the main component of antiviral immune responses. In this paper, we present the current state of science on COVID-19 immunology in relation to solid organ transplantation with prospective therapeutic and vaccination strategies in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Serological, Molecular and Culture-Based Diagnosis of Lentiviral Infections in Small Ruminants.
- Author
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Kalogianni, Aphrodite I., Stavropoulos, Ioannis, Chaintoutis, Serafeim C., Bossis, Ioannis, and Gelasakis, Athanasios I.
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MOLECULAR diagnosis , *RUMINANTS , *HUMORAL immunity , *GENETIC variation , *SUSTAINABLE agriculture - Abstract
Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) infections lead to chronic diseases and remarkable economic losses undermining health and welfare of animals and the sustainability of farms. Early and definite diagnosis of SRLVs infections is the cornerstone for any control and eradication efforts; however, a "gold standard" test and/or diagnostic protocols with extensive applicability have yet to be developed. The main challenges preventing the development of a universally accepted diagnostic tool with sufficient sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy to be integrated in SRLVs control programs are the genetic variability of SRLVs associated with mutations, recombination, and cross-species transmission and the peculiarities of small ruminants' humoral immune response regarding late seroconversion, as well as intermittent and epitope-specific antibody production. The objectives of this review paper were to summarize the available serological and molecular assays for the diagnosis of SRLVs, to highlight their diagnostic performance emphasizing on advantages and drawbacks of their application, and to discuss current and future perspectives, challenges, limitations and impacts regarding the development of reliable and efficient tools for the diagnosis of SRLVs infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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